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Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist
Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist is here in full — 118 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
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MOLLUSCOUS ANIMALS.
§ I.
_Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?
Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.
Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist is here in full — 118 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MOLLUSCOUS ANIMALS.
Line 2
§ I.
/aɪ/
Line 3
_Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?
/ˈbaɪvælvz ɔːr ðoʊz ˈhævɪŋ tuː ʃelz huː ðæt siːz ðə ˈbjuːti ənd ˈdeləkəsi ʌv pɜːrlz wʊd ˌɪˈmædʒən ðæt ðeɪ wɜːr ðə prəˈdʌkʃən ʌv dɪˈziːz/
Line 4
Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.
Line 5
Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.
/ðer fɔːrˈmeɪʃən ɪz ˈdʒenərəli kɑːzd baɪ ðə ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən ʌv sʌm ˈfɔːrən ˈbɑːdi bɪˈtwiːn ðə ˈmæntəl ɔːr skɪn ʌv ðə ˈænəməl ənd ɪts ʃel ðə ˌɪrɪˈteɪʃən ðʌs prəˈduːst ˈkɑːzəz səkˈsesɪv koʊts ʌv ˈpɜːrli ˈmætər tuː biː dəˈpɑːzɪtɪd ɑːn ðə ˌɪnˈtruːdɪŋ ˈɑːbdʒekt ənd ðʌs ðə pɜːrl ɪz fɔːrmd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Bivalves noun US /ˈbaɪvælvz/

plural of “bivalve” — marine or freshwater mollusks having a soft body with platelike gills enclosed within two shells hinged together

cracks noun US /kræks/

plural of “crack” — a long narrow opening

From this reading “Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.”

inhabits verb US /ɪnˈhæbəts/

third-person singular of “inhabit” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading “Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.”

intruding adjective US /ˌɪnˈtruːdɪŋ/

projecting inward

From this reading “Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.”

lining noun US /ˈlaɪnɪŋ/

a protective covering that protects an inside surface

From this reading “Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.”

oyster noun US /ˈɔɪstər/

marine mollusks having a rough irregular shell; found on the sea bed mostly in coastal waters

From this reading “Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.”

pearly adjective US /ˈpɜːrli/

of a white the color of pearls

From this reading “Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.”

successive adjective US /səkˈsesɪv/

in regular succession without gaps

From this reading “Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

rise from verb + particle

In this reading “Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.”

cracks in verb + particle counted as “crack in”

In this reading “Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

ANIMALSnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading MOLLUSCOUS ANIMALS.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

beautynounUS /ˈbjuːti/

the qualities that give pleasure to the senses

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

BivalvesnounUS /ˈbaɪvælvz/

plural of “bivalve” — marine or freshwater mollusks having a soft body with platelike gills enclosed within two shells hinged together

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

bodynounUS /ˈbɑːdi/

the entire physical structure of an organism (an animal, plant, or human being)

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

causedverbUS /kɑːzd/

past form of “cause” — give rise to; cause to happen or occur, not always intentionally

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

causesnounUS /ˈkɑːzəz/

plural of “cause” — events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

coatsnounUS /koʊts/

plural of “coat” — an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

cracksnounUS /kræks/

plural of “crack” — a long narrow opening

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

delicacynounUS /ˈdeləkəsi/

the quality of being beautiful and delicate in appearance

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

delicateadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

depositedverbUS /dəˈpɑːzɪtɪd/

past form of “deposit” — put, fix, force, or implant

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

diseasenounUS /dɪˈziːz/

an impairment of health or a condition of abnormal functioning

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

eitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

foreignadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrən/

of concern to or concerning the affairs of other nations (other than your own)

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

formationnounUS /fɔːrˈmeɪʃən/

an arrangement of people or things acting as a unit

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

formedadjectiveUS /fɔːrmd/

having or given a form or shape

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

formsnounUS /fɔːrmz/

plural of “form” — the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

generallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

half-transparent

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading § I.

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

inhabitsverbUS /ɪnˈhæbəts/

third-person singular of “inhabit” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

introductionnounUS /ˌɪntrəˈdʌkʃən/

the act of beginning something new

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

intrudingadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtruːdɪŋ/

projecting inward

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

irritationnounUS /ˌɪrɪˈteɪʃən/

the psychological state of being irritated or annoyed

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

itselfpronounUS /ˌɪtˈself/

used when the thing doing the action is also its object

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

liningnounUS /ˈlaɪnɪŋ/

a protective covering that protects an inside surface

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

mantlenounUS /ˈmæntəl/

the cloak as a symbol of authority

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

MOLLUSCOUS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MOLLUSCOUS ANIMALS.

Mother-of-Pearlnoun

the iridescent internal layer of a mollusk shell

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

Nacrenoun

the iridescent internal layer of a mollusk shell

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

objectnounUS /ˈɑːbdʒekt/

a tangible and visible entity; an entity that can cast a shadow

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

oysternounUS /ˈɔɪstər/

marine mollusks having a rough irregular shell; found on the sea bed mostly in coastal waters

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

pearlnounUS /pɜːrl/

a smooth lustrous round structure inside the shell of a clam or oyster; much valued as a jewel

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

pearlsnounUS /pɜːrlz/

plural of “pearl” — a smooth lustrous round structure inside the shell of a clam or oyster; much valued as a jewel

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

pearlyadjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrli/

of a white the color of pearls

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

productionnounUS /prəˈdʌkʃən/

the act or process of producing something

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

riseverbUS /raɪz/

move upward

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

seesnounUS /siːz/

plural of “see” — the seat within a bishop's diocese where his cathedral is located

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

shellnounUS /ʃel/

ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

shellsnounUS /ʃelz/

plural of “shell” — ammunition consisting of a cylindrical metal casing containing an explosive charge and a projectile; fired from a large gun

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

silveryadjectiveUS /ˈsɪlvəri/

resembling or reminiscent of silver

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

skinnounUS /skɪn/

a natural protective body covering and site of the sense of touch

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

substancenounUS /ˈsʌbstəns/

the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

successiveadjectiveUS /səkˈsesɪv/

in regular succession without gaps

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

SuchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Their formation is generally caused by the introduction of some foreign body between the mantle or skin of the animal and its shell; the irritation thus produced causes successive coats of pearly matter to be deposited on the intruding object, and thus the pearl is formed.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Such, however, is the case, as they are either formed in the body of the oyster which inhabits the shell; or they rise from cracks in the shell itself, the delicate, silvery, half-transparent lining of which forms the substance generally called Mother-of-Pearl, or Nacre.

WHOpronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading _Bivalves, or those having two shells._ WHO that sees the beauty and delicacy of pearls would imagine that they were the production of disease?

Chapter 10 of Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist by Mrs. (Jane) Loudon holds 118 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist contain?

Chapter 10 holds 118 sentences of Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist by Mrs. (Jane) Loudon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 118 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #51166, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist take to read?

About 509 minutes of reading across 1224 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist

Words and structures a reader meets early in Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Hundred
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Animals
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dallas
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preface
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mrs. Loudon's Entertaining Naturalist; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.