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Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself
Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself is here in full — 382 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself
Context Illustration Reading 1/76 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.
The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.
We now know Fox as he was.
In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.
Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself is here in full — 382 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/76 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.
Line 2
The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.
/ðə ˈkʌlərrɪŋ ʌv pəˈlɪtəkəl frendz wɪtʃ kənˈsiːld hɪz ˈvaɪsəz ɔːr ˈræðər wɪtʃ ɡeɪv ðem ə fɔːls hjuː hæz lɔːŋ sɪns ˈfeɪdəd əˈweɪ/
Line 3
We now know Fox as he was.
/wiː naʊ noʊ fɑːks æz hiː wɑːz/
Line 4
In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.
/ɪn ðə ˈleɪtəst ˈdʒɜːrnəlz ʌv ˈhɔːrəs ˈwɔːlpoʊl hɪz ˌɪnˈvetərət ˈɡæmbəlɪŋ hɪz ˈoʊ.pən ˈprɔːflɪɡæsi hɪz ˈʌtər wɑːnt ʌv ˈɑːnər ɪz dɪˈskloʊzd baɪ wʌn ʌv hɪz oʊn əˈpɪnjənz/
Line 5
Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.
/kərˈʌptɪd er jet hiː hæd left hɪz hoʊm waɪlst ɪn eɪdʒ ə bɔɪ ðer ɪz ˌhaʊˈevər ðə ˈkʌmfərt ʌv rɪˈflektɪŋ ðæt hiː ˌaʊtˈlɪvd hɪz ˈvaɪsəz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

colouring noun US /ˈkʌlərrɪŋ/

a digestible substance used to give color to food

From this reading “The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.”

Corrupted adjective US /kərˈʌptɪd/

containing errors or alterations

From this reading “Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.”

Devonshire noun US /dɪˈvɑːnʃaɪr/

a county in southwestern England

From this reading “But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.”

inveterate adjective US /ˌɪnˈvetərət/

habitual

From this reading “In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.”

journals noun US /ˈdʒɜːrnəlz/

plural of “journal” — a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations

From this reading “In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.”

outlived verb US /ˌaʊtˈlɪvd/

past form of “outlive” — live longer than

From this reading “Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.”

profligacy noun US /ˈprɔːflɪɡæsi/

the trait of spending extravagantly

From this reading “In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.”

Walpole noun US /ˈwɔːlpoʊl/

English writer and historian; son of Sir Robert Walpole (1717-1797)

From this reading “In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

ableadjectiveUS /ˈeɪbəl/

(usually followed by “to”) having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading We now know Fox as he was.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

colouringnounUS /ˈkʌlərrɪŋ/

a digestible substance used to give color to food

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

comfortnounUS /ˈkʌmfərt/

a state of being relaxed and feeling no pain

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

concealedadjectiveUS /kənˈsiːld/

not accessible to view

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

CorruptedadjectiveUS /kərˈʌptɪd/

containing errors or alterations

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

DevonshirenounUS /dɪˈvɑːnʃaɪr/

a county in southwestern England

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

disclosedadjectiveUS /dɪˈskloʊzd/

made known (especially something secret or concealed)

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

dissoluteadjective

unrestrained by convention or morality

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

DuchessnounUS /ˈdʌtʃəs/

the wife of a duke or a woman holding ducal title in her own right

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

ereconjunctionUS /er/

an old word for “before”

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

fadedadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪdəd/

having lost freshness or brilliance of color

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

falseadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

FoxnounUS /fɑːks/

alert carnivorous mammal with pointed muzzle and ears and a bushy tail; most are predators that do not hunt in packs

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

gamblingnounUS /ˈɡæmbəlɪŋ/

the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning (including the payment of a price for a chance to win a prize)

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading We now know Fox as he was.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

honournounUS /ˈɑːnər/

the state of being honored

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

HoracenounUS /ˈhɔːrəs/

Roman lyric poet said to have influenced English poetry (65-8 BC)

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

huenounUS /hjuː/

the quality of a color as determined by its dominant wavelength

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

introducedverbUS /ˌɪntrəˈduːst/

past form of “introduce” — cause to come to know personally

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

inveterateadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvetərət/

habitual

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

journalsnounUS /ˈdʒɜːrnəlz/

plural of “journal” — a daily written record of (usually personal) experiences and observations

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading We now know Fox as he was.

latestadjectiveUS /ˈleɪtəst/

up to the immediate present; most recent or most up-to-date

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading We now know Fox as he was.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

openverbUS /ˈoʊ.pən/

To move from a closed position.

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

opinionsnounUS /əˈpɪnjənz/

plural of “opinion” — a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

outlivedverbUS /ˌaʊtˈlɪvd/

past form of “outlive” — live longer than

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

politicaladjectiveUS /pəˈlɪtəkəl/

involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

profligacynounUS /ˈprɔːflɪɡæsi/

the trait of spending extravagantly

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

ratheradverbUS /ˈræðər/

on the contrary

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

reflectingadjectiveUS /rɪˈflektɪŋ/

causing reflection or having a device that reflects

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

utterverbUS /ˈʌtər/

articulate; either verbally or with a cry, shout, or noise

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

vicesnounUS /ˈvaɪsəz/

plural of “vice” — moral weakness

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

WalpolenounUS /ˈwɔːlpoʊl/

English writer and historian; son of Sir Robert Walpole (1717-1797)

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

wantverbUS /wɑːnt/

feel or have a desire for; want strongly

From this reading In the latest journals of Horace Walpole, his inveterate gambling, his open profligacy, his utter want of honour, is disclosed by one of his own opinions.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We now know Fox as he was.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The colouring of political friends, which concealed his vices, or rather which gave them a false hue, has long since faded away.

whilstconjunctionUS /waɪlst/

an old and formal word for “while”

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading Corrupted ere yet he had left his home, whilst in age a boy, there is, however, the comfort of reflecting that he outlived his vices.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading But of all the party men to whom the young Duchess of Devonshire was introduced, the most able and the most dissolute was Fox.

Chapter 7 of Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself by Mary Robinson holds 382 sentences, grouped into 77 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself contain?

Chapter 7 holds 382 sentences of Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself, unabridged, divided into 77 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself by Mary Robinson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 382 sentences, grouped into 77 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself?

Work through the 77 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 77 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself

Common questions about reading Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself by Mary Robinson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 2791 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #9822 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #9822, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 232 minutes of reading across 559 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself section by section

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Vocabulary met early in Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself

Words and structures a reader meets early in Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Lives
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Duchesses
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gordon
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Devonshire
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mrs. Mary Robinson, Written by Herself; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.