Learn English through classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Mudfog and Other Sketches
Mudfog and Other Sketches

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Mudfog and Other Sketches is here in full — 132 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Mudfog and Other Sketches
Context Illustration Reading 1/26 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.
In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.
With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; for,’ said she, I have got a lion coming.’
We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.
We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Mudfog and Other Sketches

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Mudfog and Other Sketches is here in full — 132 sentences across 27 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/26 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.
Line 2
In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.
Line 3
With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’
/wɪð ðiːz əˈpɪnjənz ɪt meɪ biː ˈiːzəli ˌɪˈmædʒənd ðæt ˈaʊər ˌkjʊriˈɑːsəti ənd ˈɪntrəst wɜːr ˈveri mʌtʃ ɪkˈsaɪtəd ðə ˈʌðər deɪ wen ə ˈleɪdi ʌv ˈaʊər əˈkweɪntəns kɔːld ɑːn ʌs ənd ˈresəluːtli dɪˈklaɪnd tuː ækˈsept ˈaʊər rəˈfjuːzəl ʌv hɜːr ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən tuː æn ˈiːvnɪŋ ˈpɑːrti fɔːr sed ʃiː aɪ hæv ɡɑːt ə ˈlaɪən ˈkʌmɪŋ/
Line 4
We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.
/wiː æt wʌns riˈtræktəd ˈaʊər pliː ʌv ə ˈpraɪər enˈɡeɪdʒmənt ənd bɪˈkeɪm æz ˈæŋkʃəs tuː ɡoʊ æz wiː hæd ˈpriːviəsli bɪn tuː steɪ əˈweɪ/
Line 5
We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

controversy noun US /ˈkɑːntrəvɜːrsi/

a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement

From this reading “In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.”

eligible adjective US /ˈelədʒəbəl/

qualified for or allowed or worthy of being chosen

From this reading “We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.”

namesakes noun US /ˈneɪmseɪks/

plural of “namesake” — a person with the same name as another

From this reading “In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.”

plea noun US /pliː/

a humble request for help from someone in authority

From this reading “We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.”

posted adjective US /ˈpoʊstɪd/

publicly displayed

From this reading “We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.”

prior adjective US /ˈpraɪər/

earlier in time

From this reading “We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.”

retracted adjective US /riˈtræktəd/

drawn back and in

From this reading “We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.”

uphold verb US /əpˈhoʊld/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading “In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

acceptverbUS /ækˈsept/

consider or hold as true

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

acquaintancenounUS /əˈkweɪntəns/

personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

anxiousadjectiveUS /ˈæŋkʃəs/

eagerly desirous

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

awakeadjectiveUS /əˈweɪk/

not in a state of sleep; completely conscious

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

bipednoun

an animal with two feet

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

boldlyadverbUS /ˈboʊldli/

with boldness, in a bold manner

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

challengeverbUS /ˈtʃæləndʒ/

take exception to

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

controversynounUS /ˈkɑːntrəvɜːrsi/

a contentious speech act; a dispute where there is strong disagreement

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

curiositynounUS /ˌkjʊriˈɑːsəti/

a state in which you want to learn more about something

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

declinedverbUS /dɪˈklaɪnd/

past form of “decline” — grow worse

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

drawing-room

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

easilyadverbUS /ˈiːzəli/

with ease (“easy” is sometimes used informally for “easily”)

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

eligibleadjectiveUS /ˈelədʒəbəl/

qualified for or allowed or worthy of being chosen

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

engagementnounUS /enˈɡeɪdʒmənt/

a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

eveningnounUS /ˈiːvnɪŋ/

the latter part of the day (the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall)

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

excitedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsaɪtəd/

(of persons) excessively affected by emotion

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

feeding-time

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

four-footedadjective

having four feet

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

imaginedverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒənd/

past form of “imagine” — form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

interestnounUS /ˈɪntrəst/

a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

interestingadjectiveUS /ˈɪntrəstɪŋ/

arousing or holding the attention

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

invitationnounUS /ˌɪnvɪˈteɪʃən/

a request (spoken or written) to participate or be present or take part in something

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

lionnounUS /ˈlaɪən/

large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

lionsnounUS /ˈlaɪənz/

plural of “lion” — large gregarious predatory feline of Africa and India having a tawny coat with a shaggy mane in the male

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

namesakesnounUS /ˈneɪmseɪks/

plural of “namesake” — a person with the same name as another

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

obtainverbUS /əbˈteɪn/

come into possession of

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

opinionsnounUS /əˈpɪnjənz/

plural of “opinion” — a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

ourselvespronounUS /aʊərˈselvz/

used when we are both doing the action and receiving it

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

perfectlyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrfəktli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

pleanounUS /pliː/

a humble request for help from someone in authority

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

postedadjectiveUS /ˈpoʊstɪd/

publicly displayed

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

previouslyadverbUS /ˈpriːviəsli/

at an earlier time or formerly

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

prioradjectiveUS /ˈpraɪər/

earlier in time

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

refusalnounUS /rəˈfjuːzəl/

the act of refusing

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

rememberverbUS /rɪˈmɛm.bər/

To recall to mind.

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

resolutelyadverbUS /ˈresəluːtli/

showing firm determination or purpose

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

respectnounUS /rɪˈspekt/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

retractedadjectiveUS /riˈtræktəd/

drawn back and in

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

stayverbUS /steɪ/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading We at once retracted our plea of a prior engagement, and became as anxious to go, as we had previously been to stay away.

subjectnounUS /səbˈdʒekt/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

upholdverbUS /əpˈhoʊld/

keep or maintain in unaltered condition; cause to remain or last

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading In every respect we uphold the biped lions against their four-footed namesakes, and we boldly challenge controversy upon the subject.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

viewnounUS /vjuː/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We do not remember to have ever seen one of them perfectly awake, except at feeding-time.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

whenceadverbUS /wens/

an old word meaning “from where”

From this reading We went early, and posted ourselves in an eligible part of the drawing-room, from whence we could hope to obtain a full view of the interesting animal.

WithprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading With these opinions it may be easily imagined that our curiosity and interest were very much excited the other day, when a lady of our acquaintance called on us and resolutely declined to accept our refusal of her invitation to an evening party; ‘for,’ said she, ‘I have got a lion coming.’

Chapter 8 of Mudfog and Other Sketches by Charles Dickens holds 132 sentences, grouped into 27 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Mudfog and Other Sketches contain?

Chapter 8 holds 132 sentences of Mudfog and Other Sketches, unabridged, divided into 27 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Mudfog and Other Sketches by Charles Dickens exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 132 sentences, grouped into 27 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Mudfog and Other Sketches?

Work through the 27 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 27 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Mudfog and Other Sketches

Common questions about reading Mudfog and Other Sketches by Charles Dickens on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Mudfog and Other Sketches?

Yes. All 1097 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #912 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Mudfog and Other Sketches is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #912, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Mudfog and Other Sketches take to read?

About 91 minutes of reading across 220 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Mudfog and Other Sketches section by section

How to work through Mudfog and Other Sketches section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 8 chapters of Mudfog and Other Sketches to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Mudfog and Other Sketches

Words and structures a reader meets early in Mudfog and Other Sketches, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Public
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mudfog and Other Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tulrumble
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mudfog and Other Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Report
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mudfog and Other Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Mudfog and Other Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.