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My Ántonia
My Ántonia

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of My Ántonia is here in full — 516 sentences across 104 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/103 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.
Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.
He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.
When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.
I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

My Ántonia

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of My Ántonia is here in full — 516 sentences across 104 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/103 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.
/aɪ æt ðə ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti aɪ hæd ðə ɡʊd ˈfɔːrtʃən tuː kʌm ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli ˈʌndər ðə ˈɪnfluːəns ʌv ə ˈbrɪljənt ənd ˌɪnˈspaɪrɪŋ jʌŋ ˈskɒl.ər/
Line 2
Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.
Line 3
He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.
/hiː keɪm west æt ðə səˈdʒestʃən ʌv hɪz fəˈzɪʃənz hɪz helθ ˈhævɪŋ bɪn enˈfiːbəld baɪ ə lɔːŋ ˈɪlnəs ɪn ˈɪtəli/
Line 4
When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.
/wen aɪ tʊk maɪ ˈentrəns ɪɡˌzæməˈneɪʃənz hiː wɑːz maɪ ɪɡˈzæmənər ənd maɪ kɔːrs wɑːz ərˈeɪndʒd ˈʌndər hɪz ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən/
Line 5
I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.
/aɪ dɪd nɑːt ɡoʊ hoʊm fɔːr maɪ fɜːrst ˈsʌmər veɪˈkeɪʃən bʌt steɪd ɪn ˈlɪŋkən ˈwɜːrkɪŋ ɔːf ə jɪrz ɡriːk wɪtʃ hæd bɪn maɪ ˈoʊnli kənˈdɪʃən ɑːn ˈentərɪŋ ðə ˈfreʃmən klæs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Cleric noun US /ˈklerɪk/

a clergyman or other person in religious orders

From this reading “Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.”

enfeebled verb US /enˈfiːbəld/

past form of “enfeeble” — make weak

From this reading “He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.”

examinations noun US /ɪɡˌzæməˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “examination” — the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)

From this reading “When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.”

examiner noun US /ɪɡˈzæmənər/

someone who administers a test to determine your qualifications

From this reading “When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.”

freshman noun US /ˈfreʃmən/

a first-year undergraduate

From this reading “I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.”

inspiring adjective US /ˌɪnˈspaɪrɪŋ/

stimulating or exalting to the spirit

From this reading “I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.”

supervision noun US /ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən/

management by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or group

From this reading “When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.”

vacation noun US /veɪˈkeɪʃən/

leisure time away from work devoted to rest or pleasure

From this reading “I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.”

All words in this reading · 79

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

arrangedadjectiveUS /ərˈeɪndʒd/

disposed or placed in a particular kind of order

From this reading When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.

arrivedverbUS /ərˈaɪvd/

past form of “arrive” — reach a destination; arrive by movement or progress

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

beginverbUS /bɪˈɡɪn/

take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

classnounUS /klæs/

a collection of things sharing a common attribute

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

ClericnounUS /ˈklerɪk/

a clergyman or other person in religious orders

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

conditionnounUS /kənˈdɪʃən/

a state at a particular time

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.

DepartmentnounUS /dɪˈpɑːrtmənt/

a specialized division of a large organization

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

didauxiliary verbUS /dɪd/

the past form of “do”, used in questions and negatives

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

earlieradverbUS /ˈɜːrliər/

earlier in time; previously

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

enfeebledverbUS /enˈfiːbəld/

past form of “enfeeble” — make weak

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

enteringnounUS /ˈentərɪŋ/

a movement into or inward

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.

examinationsnounUS /ɪɡˌzæməˈneɪʃənz/

plural of “examination” — the act of examining something closely (as for mistakes)

From this reading When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.

examinernounUS /ɪɡˈzæmənər/

someone who administers a test to determine your qualifications

From this reading When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

fortunenounUS /ˈfɔːrtʃən/

an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

freshmannounUS /ˈfreʃmən/

a first-year undergraduate

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

Gaston

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

healthnounUS /helθ/

a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

illnessnounUS /ˈɪlnəs/

impairment of normal physiological function affecting part or all of an organism

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

immediatelyadverbUS /ˌɪˈmiːdiːətli/

without delay or hesitation; with no time intervening

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

influencenounUS /ˈɪnfluːəns/

a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

inspiringadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈspaɪrɪŋ/

stimulating or exalting to the spirit

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

ItalynounUS /ˈɪtəli/

a republic in southern Europe on the Italian Peninsula; was the core of the Roman Republic and the Roman Empire between the 4th century BC and the 5th century AD

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

LatinadjectiveUS /ˈlætən/

of or relating to the ancient Latins or the Latin language

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

LincolnnounUS /ˈlɪŋkən/

16th President of the United States; saved the Union during the American Civil War and emancipated the slaves; was assassinated by Booth (1809-1865)

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

physiciansnounUS /fəˈzɪʃənz/

plural of “physician” — a licensed medical practitioner

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

scholarnounUS /ˈskɒl.ər/

A specialist in a particular branch of study; a distinguished student.

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

stayedverbUS /steɪd/

past form of “stay” — stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

suggestionnounUS /səˈdʒestʃən/

an idea that is suggested

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

supervisionnounUS /ˌsuːpərˈvɪʒən/

management by overseeing the performance or operation of a person or group

From this reading When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

tookverbUS /tʊk/

inflected form of “take” — carry out

From this reading When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

universitynounUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəti/

the body of faculty and students at a university

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

vacationnounUS /veɪˈkeɪʃən/

leisure time away from work devoted to rest or pleasure

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

WestnounUS /west/

the countries of (originally) Europe and (now including) North America and South America

From this reading He came West at the suggestion of his physicians, his health having been enfeebled by a long illness in Italy.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When I took my entrance examinations, he was my examiner, and my course was arranged under his supervision.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Gaston Cleric had arrived in Lincoln only a few weeks earlier than I, to begin his work as head of the Latin Department.

workingadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrkɪŋ/

actively engaged in paid work

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

year'snounUS /jɪrz/

possessive form of “year” — a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading I did not go home for my first summer vacation, but stayed in Lincoln, working off a year’s Greek, which had been my only condition on entering the freshman class.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading I At the university I had the good fortune to come immediately under the influence of a brilliant and inspiring young scholar.

Chapter 4 of My Ántonia by Willa Cather holds 516 sentences, grouped into 104 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of My Ántonia contain?

Chapter 4 holds 516 sentences of My Ántonia, unabridged, divided into 104 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of My Ántonia by Willa Cather exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 516 sentences, grouped into 104 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of My Ántonia?

Work through the 104 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 104 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading My Ántonia

Common questions about reading My Ántonia by Willa Cather on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of My Ántonia?

Yes. All 4862 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #242 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of My Ántonia is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #242, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does My Ántonia take to read?

About 405 minutes of reading across 973 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through My Ántonia section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in My Ántonia

Words and structures a reader meets early in My Ántonia, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Introduction
A word that appears in the opening chapter of My Ántonia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Summer
A word that appears in the opening chapter of My Ántonia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Happened
A word that appears in the opening chapter of My Ántonia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Crossing
A word that appears in the opening chapter of My Ántonia; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.