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My Literary Passions
My Literary Passions

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of My Literary Passions is here in full — 113 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/22 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
II.
GOLDSMITH
When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.
In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.
He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

My Literary Passions

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of My Literary Passions is here in full — 113 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/22 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
II.
Line 2
GOLDSMITH
/ˈɡoʊldsmɪθ/
Line 3
When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.
Line 4
In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.
Line 5
He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

authors noun US /ˈɔːθərz/

plural of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading “When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.”

aware adjective US /əˈwer/

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading “In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.”

Cervantes noun US /serˈvɑːntes/

Spanish writer best remembered for “Don Quixote” which satirizes chivalry and influenced the development of the novel form (1547-1616)

From this reading “When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.”

goldsmith noun US /ˈɡoʊldsmɪθ/

an artisan who makes jewelry and other objects out of gold

From this reading “GOLDSMITH”

Irving noun US /ˈɜːrvɪŋ/

United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)

From this reading “When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.”

literary adjective US /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading “When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.”

perspective noun US /pərˈspektɪv/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading “In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.”

sharply adverb US /ˈʃɑːrpli/

in an aggressive manner

From this reading “In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.”

All words in this reading · 65

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboveprepositionUS /əˈbʌv/

higher than, or over, something

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

amauxiliary verbUS /æm/

the form of “be” used with “I”

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

authorsnounUS /ˈɔːθərz/

plural of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

awareadjectiveUS /əˈwer/

(sometimes followed by “of”) having or showing knowledge or understanding or realization or perception

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

CervantesnounUS /serˈvɑːntes/

Spanish writer best remembered for “Don Quixote” which satirizes chivalry and influenced the development of the novel form (1547-1616)

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

earlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrli/

at or near the beginning of a period of time or course of events or before the usual or expected time

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

foreshortened

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

gaveverbUS /ɡeɪv/

inflected form of “give” — cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

GOLDSMITHnounUS /ˈɡoʊldsmɪθ/

an artisan who makes jewelry and other objects out of gold

From this reading GOLDSMITH

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

IInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading II.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

IrvingnounUS /ˈɜːrvɪŋ/

United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

likings

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

literaryadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəreri/

of or relating to or characteristic of literature

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

lovenounUS /lʌv/

a strong positive emotion of regard and affection

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

ordernounUS /ˈɔːrdər/

(often plural) a command given by a superior (e.g., a military or law enforcement officer) that must be obeyed

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

others

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

perspectivenounUS /pərˈspektɪv/

a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

pleasurenounUS /ˈpleʒər/

a fundamental feeling that is hard to define but that people desire to experience

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

readverbUS /red/

interpret something that is written or printed

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

seemverbUS /siːm/

give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

sharplyadverbUS /ˈʃɑːrpli/

in an aggressive manner

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

tellverbUS /tel/

express in words

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

tennounUS /ten/

the cardinal number that is the sum of nine and one; the base of the decimal system

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading In the sharply foreshortened perspective of the past I seem to have read them all at once, but I am aware of an order of time in the pleasure they gave me, and I know that Goldsmith came first.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When I began to have literary likings of my own, and to love certain books above others, the first authors of my heart were Goldsmith, Cervantes, and Irving.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading He came so early that I cannot tell when or how I began to read him, but it must have been before I was ten years old.

Chapter 2 of My Literary Passions by William Dean Howells holds 113 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of My Literary Passions contain?

Chapter 2 holds 113 sentences of My Literary Passions, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of My Literary Passions by William Dean Howells exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 113 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of My Literary Passions?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading My Literary Passions

Common questions about reading My Literary Passions by William Dean Howells on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of My Literary Passions?

Yes. All 1668 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3378 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of My Literary Passions is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3378, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 139 minutes of reading across 334 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in My Literary Passions

Words and structures a reader meets early in My Literary Passions, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Literary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of My Literary Passions; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Passions
A word that appears in the opening chapter of My Literary Passions; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
William
A word that appears in the opening chapter of My Literary Passions; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Howells
A word that appears in the opening chapter of My Literary Passions; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.