Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
My Spanish Year
My Spanish Year

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of My Spanish Year is here in full — 115 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for My Spanish Year
Context Illustration Reading 1/23 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The April FairFrom the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San SebastianThe InquisitionConscripts and the FlagSpanish football clubsBuying votesThe cattle at the FairHarnessed _à la_ JerezThe Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three daysThe afternoon driveDancing at nightThe marriage marketMantillas, _velos_, and Paris hatsMidnight in the FairThe curtained _casetas_ of the clubsManila shawlsThe Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams and the national dressThree engagements and a marriageThe year ends in Paradise.
The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.
Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.
Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.
The most curious feature about this three days riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

My Spanish Year

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of My Spanish Year is here in full — 115 sentences across 23 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/23 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The April FairFrom the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San SebastianThe InquisitionConscripts and the FlagSpanish football clubsBuying votesThe cattle at the FairHarnessed _à la_ JerezThe Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three daysThe afternoon driveDancing at nightThe marriage marketMantillas, _velos_, and Paris hatsMidnight in the FairThe curtained _casetas_ of the clubsManila shawlsThe Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreamsand the national dressThree engagements and a marriageThe year ends in Paradise.
Line 2
The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.
Line 3
Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.
Line 4
Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.
Line 5
The most curious feature about this three daysriot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.
/ðə moʊst ˈkjʊriəs ˈfiːtʃər əˈbaʊt ðɪs θriː deɪz ˈraɪət ʌv feˈstɪvəti ɪz ɪts ˌekstrəˈɔːrdəneri ˈkɑːntræst tuː ðə ˈdeɪli laɪf ʌv speɪn/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Conscripts noun US /ˈkɑːnskrɪpts/

plural of “conscript” — someone who is drafted into military service

From this reading “The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.”

fairs noun US /ferz/

plural of “fair” — a traveling show; having sideshows and rides and games of skill etc.

From this reading “The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.”

itinerant noun US /aɪˈtɪnərənt/

a laborer who moves from place to place as demanded by employment

From this reading “The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.”

Jerez noun US /jeˈrez/

a city in southwestern Spain that is famous for making sherry

From this reading “The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.”

mantilla noun US /mænˈtɪlə/

a woman's silk or lace scarf

From this reading “The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.”

Olympia noun US /oʊˈlɪmpiə/

capital of the state of Washington; located in western Washington on Puget Sound

From this reading “Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.”

scenic adjective US /ˈsiːnɪk/

used of locations; having beautiful natural scenery

From this reading “Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.”

transact verb US /trænˈzækt/

conduct business

From this reading “The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

transact business verb + noun

In this reading “The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.”

three days noun + noun

In this reading “The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.”

some respects adjective + noun

In this reading “Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.”

daily life noun + noun

In this reading “The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.”

living reality noun + noun

In this reading “Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.”

most curious adverb + adjective

In this reading “The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.”

set up verb + adjective

set up or found

In this reading “The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.”

at the gate preposition + article + noun counted as “at … gate”

In this reading “Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.”

All words in this reading · 158

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

agesnounUS /ˈeɪdʒəz/

plural of “age” — how long something has existed

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

amusementsnounUS /əˈmjuːzmənts/

plural of “amusement” — a feeling of delight at being entertained

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

AprilnounUS /ˈeɪprəl/

the month following March and preceding May

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

BuyingnounUS /ˈbaɪɪŋ/

the act of buying

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

caseta

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

casetas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

cattlenounUS /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

clubsnounUS /klʌbz/

plural of “club” — a team of professional baseball players who play and travel together

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

combineverbUS /ˈkɑːmbaɪn/

have or possess in combination

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

comingnounUS /ˈkʌmɪŋ/

the act of drawing spatially closer to something

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

ConscriptsnounUS /ˈkɑːnskrɪpts/

plural of “conscript” — someone who is drafted into military service

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

contrastnounUS /ˈkɑːntræst/

the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared

From this reading The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

CourtnounUS /kɔːrt/

an assembly (including one or more judges) to conduct judicial business

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.

curtainedadjective

furnished or concealed with curtains or draperies

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.

DancingnounUS /ˈdænsɪŋ/

taking a series of rhythmical steps (and movements) in time to music

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

dealersnounUS /ˈdiːlərz/

plural of “dealer” — someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

dressverbUS /dres/

put on clothes

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

dressesnounUS /ˈdresəz/

plural of “dress” — a one-piece garment for a woman; has skirt and bodice

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

driveverbUS /draɪv/

operate or control a vehicle

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

Earl'snounUS /ɜːrlz/

possessive form of “earl” — a British peer ranking below a marquess and above a viscount

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

endsnounUS /endz/

plural of “end” — either extremity of something that has length

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

engagementsnounUS /enˈɡeɪdʒmənts/

plural of “engagement” — a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

extraordinaryadjectiveUS /ˌekstrəˈɔːrdəneri/

beyond what is ordinary or usual; highly unusual or exceptional or remarkable

From this reading The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.

FairadjectiveUS /fer/

free from favoritism or self-interest or bias or deception; conforming with established standards or rules

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

fairsnounUS /ferz/

plural of “fair” — a traveling show; having sideshows and rides and games of skill etc.

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

familiesnounUS /ˈfæməliz/

plural of “family” — a social unit living together

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

featurenounUS /ˈfiːtʃər/

a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.

festivitynounUS /feˈstɪvəti/

any joyous diversion

From this reading The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

FlagnounUS /flæɡ/

emblem usually consisting of a rectangular piece of cloth of distinctive design

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

flocknounUS /flɑːk/

a church congregation guided by a pastor

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

footballnounUS /ˈfʊtbɔːl/

any of various games played with a ball (round or oval) in which two teams try to kick or carry or propel the ball into each other's goal

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

fourteennounUS /ˈfɔːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of thirteen and one

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

friendsnounUS /frendz/

plural of “friend” — a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

gatenounUS /ɡeɪt/

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

gipsies

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

GraduallyadverbUS /ˈɡrædʒuːəli/

in a gradual manner

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

haremnounUS /ˈherəm/

living quarters reserved for wives and concubines and female relatives in a Muslim household

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

HarnessedadjectiveUS /ˈhɑːrnəst/

brought under control and put to use

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

hatsnounUS /hæts/

plural of “hat” — headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

importantadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtənt/

of great significance or value

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

InquisitionnounUS /ˌɪn.kwɪˈzɪʃ.ən/

A period of prolonged and intensive questioning or investigation.

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

itinerantnounUS /aɪˈtɪnərənt/

a laborer who moves from place to place as demanded by employment

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.

JereznounUS /jeˈrez/

a city in southwestern Spain that is famous for making sherry

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

John-a-Dreams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

lanounUS /lɑː/

a white soft metallic element that tarnishes readily; occurs in rare earth minerals and is usually classified as a rare earth

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

lostadjectiveUS /lɔːst/

no longer in your possession or control; unable to be found or recovered

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

ManilanounUS /məˈnɪlə/

a strong paper or thin cardboard with a smooth light brown finish made from e.g. Manila hemp

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

mantillanounUS /mænˈtɪlə/

a woman's silk or lace scarf

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

Mantillas

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

marketnounUS /ˈmɑːrkət/

the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

marriagenounUS /ˈmerɪdʒ/

the state of being a married couple voluntarily joined for life (or until divorce)

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

meeting-place

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

merelyadverbUS /ˈmɪrli/

and nothing more

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

MidnightnounUS /ˈmɪdnaɪt/

12 o'clock at night; the middle of the night

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

mistsnounUS /mɪsts/

plural of “mist” — a thin fog with condensation near the ground

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

musicnounUS /ˈmjuːzɪk/

an artistic form of auditory communication incorporating instrumental or vocal tones in a structured and continuous manner

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

nationaladjectiveUS /ˈnæʃənəl/

of or relating to or belonging to a nation or country

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

nightnounUS /naɪt/

the time after sunset and before sunrise while it is dark outside

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

OlympianounUS /oʊˈlɪmpiə/

capital of the state of Washington; located in western Washington on Puget Sound

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

ParadisenounUS /ˈperədaɪs/

any place of complete bliss and delight and peace

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

ParisnounUS /ˈperɪs/

the capital and largest city of France; and international center of culture and commerce

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

picturesnounUS /ˈpɪktʃərz/

plural of “picture” — a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

Prado

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

printsnounUS /prɪnts/

plural of “print” — the text appearing in a book, newspaper, or other printed publication

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

providedverbUS /prəˈvaɪdɪd/

past form of “provide” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

QueennounUS /kwiːn/

the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

realitynounUS /ˌriːˈælətiː/

all of your experiences that determine how things appear to you

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

refreshmentsnounUS /rəˈfreʃmənts/

plural of “refreshment” — snacks and drinks served as a light meal

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

representationnounUS /ˌreprəzenˈteɪʃən/

a presentation to the mind in the form of an idea or image

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

respectsnounUS /rɪˈspekts/

(often used with “pay”) a formal expression of esteem

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

riotnounUS /ˈraɪət/

a public act of violence by an unruly mob

From this reading The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.

San

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

scenicadjectiveUS /ˈsiːnɪk/

used of locations; having beautiful natural scenery

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

Sebastian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

SevillenounUS /səˈvɪl/

a city in southwestern Spain; a major port and cultural center; the capital of bullfighting in Spain

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

Sevillian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

shawlsnounUS /ʃɔːlz/

plural of “shawl” — cloak consisting of an oblong piece of cloth used to cover the head and shoulders

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

showverbUS /ʃoʊ/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

singingnounUS /ˈsɪŋɪŋ/

the act of singing vocal music

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

sleepnounUS /sliːp/

a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

soonadverbUS /suːn/

in the near future

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

SpainnounUS /speɪn/

a parliamentary monarchy in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; a former colonial power

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

SpanishnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

suggestsverbUS /səˈdʒests/

third-person singular of “suggest” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

takesnounUS /teɪks/

plural of “take” — the income or profit arising from such transactions as the sale of land or other property

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

tentsnounUS /tents/

plural of “tent” — a portable shelter (usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs)

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The most curious feature about this three days’ riot of festivity is its extraordinary contrast to the daily life of Spain.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

ticketnounUS /ˈtɪkət/

a commercial document showing that the holder is entitled to something (as to ride on public transportation or to enter a public entertainment)

From this reading Now the Seville Fair on the Prado de San Sebastian almost suggests, in some respects, a show at Earl’s Court or Olympia, with the important difference that it is a living reality, not a scenic representation for which one takes a ticket at the gate.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Gradually the tents of the dealers became a meeting-place for their families and their friends from the town, and then refreshments had to be provided, and amusements such as music, dancing, and singing soon followed.

traditionnounUS /trəˈdɪʃən/

an inherited pattern of thought or action

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

transactverbUS /trænˈzækt/

conduct business

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

velos

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

votesnounUS /voʊts/

plural of “vote” — a choice that is made by counting the number of people in favor of each alternative

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The true history of the April Fair at Seville, like so much else in Spain, is lost in the mists of ages; but old prints and pictures combine with tradition to show that it was at first merely a cattle fair, where dealers coming from a distance set up tents in which to sleep and transact business, attended by the itinerant gipsies who flock to fairs of every kind in every country.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

à

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

élégante

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The April Fair—From the harem to the _caseta_—The Prado of San Sebastian—The Inquisition—Conscripts and the Flag—Spanish football clubs—Buying votes—The cattle at the Fair—Harnessed _à la_ Jerez—The Sevillian _élégante_: fourteen dresses for three days—The afternoon drive—Dancing at night—The marriage market—Mantillas, _velos_, and Paris hats—Midnight in the Fair—The curtained _casetas_ of the clubs—Manila shawls—The Queen and the mantilla—“John-a-Dreams” and the national dress—Three engagements and a marriage—The year ends in Paradise.

Chapter 20 of My Spanish Year by Ellen M. Whishaw holds 115 sentences, grouped into 23 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of My Spanish Year contain?

Chapter 20 holds 115 sentences of My Spanish Year, unabridged, divided into 23 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of My Spanish Year by Ellen M. Whishaw exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 115 sentences, grouped into 23 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of My Spanish Year?

Work through the 23 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 23 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading My Spanish Year

Common questions about reading My Spanish Year by Ellen M. Whishaw on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of My Spanish Year?

Yes. All 2382 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #59293 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of My Spanish Year is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #59293, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does My Spanish Year take to read?

About 198 minutes of reading across 477 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read My Spanish Year section by section

How to work through My Spanish Year section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of My Spanish Year to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in My Spanish Year

Words and structures a reader meets early in My Spanish Year, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mills
A word that appears in the opening chapter of My Spanish Year; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Limited
A word that appears in the opening chapter of My Spanish Year; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rupert
A word that appears in the opening chapter of My Spanish Year; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Street
A word that appears in the opening chapter of My Spanish Year; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.