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Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
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My study windows
My study windows

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of My study windows is here in full — 443 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/88 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Is it in the climate?
Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.
Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.
During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”
Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

My study windows

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of My study windows is here in full — 443 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Is it in the climate?
/ɪz ɪt ɪn ðə ˈklaɪmət/
Line 2
Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.
Line 3
Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.
Line 4
During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”
Line 5
Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

accounted verb US /əˈkaʊntɪd/

past form of “account” — be the sole or primary factor in the existence, acquisition, supply, or disposal of something

From this reading “Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.”

affects noun US /əˈfekts/

plural of “affect” — the conscious subjective aspect of feeling or emotion

From this reading “Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.”

Confederates noun US /kənˈfedərəts/

plural of “confederate” — a supporter of the Confederate States of America

From this reading “During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.””

exported verb US /ɪkˈspɔːrtəd/

past form of “export” — sell or transfer abroad

From this reading “Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.”

greetings noun US /ˈɡriːtɪŋz/

plural of “greeting” — (usually plural) an acknowledgment or expression of good will (especially on meeting)

From this reading “Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.”

subdue verb US /səbˈduː/

put down by force or intimidation

From this reading “During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.””

sympathized verb US /ˈsɪmpəθaɪzd/

past form of “sympathize” — share the feelings of; understand the sentiments of

From this reading “During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.””

wines noun US /waɪnz/

plural of “wine” — fermented juice (of grapes especially)

From this reading “Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Civil War adjective + noun

a war between factions in the same country

In this reading “During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.””

false notion adjective + noun

In this reading “Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.”

sympathized with verb + particle counted as “sympathize with”

share the suffering of

In this reading “During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.””

first greetings adjective + noun counted as “first greeting”

In this reading “Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.”

call upon verb + particle

In this reading “During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.””

suffer from verb + particle

In this reading “Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.”

kind enough adjective + noun

In this reading “During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.””

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

accountedverbUS /əˈkaʊntɪd/

past form of “account” — be the sole or primary factor in the existence, acquisition, supply, or disposal of something

From this reading Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

affectsnounUS /əˈfekts/

plural of “affect” — the conscious subjective aspect of feeling or emotion

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

AnotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

askedverbUS /æskt/

past form of “ask” — make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

atmospherenounUS /ˈætməsfɪr/

a particular environment or surrounding influence

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

CiviladjectiveUS /ˈsɪvəl/

applying to ordinary citizens as contrasted with the military

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

climatenounUS /ˈklaɪmət/

the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading Is it in the climate?

ConfederatesnounUS /kənˈfedərəts/

plural of “confederate” — a supporter of the Confederate States of America

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

countrymennounUS /ˈkʌntrimɪn/

plural of “countryman” — a man from your own country

From this reading Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

delicateadjectiveUS /ˈdeləkət/

exquisitely fine and subtle and pleasing; susceptible to injury

From this reading Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.

descriptionnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/

a statement that represents something in words

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

EitherdeterminerUS /ˈiːðər/

one or the other of two

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

else

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

EuropeannounUS /ˌjʊrəˈpiːən/

a native or inhabitant of Europe

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

exportedverbUS /ɪkˈspɔːrtəd/

past form of “export” — sell or transfer abroad

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

falseadjectiveUS /fɔːls/

not in accordance with the fact or reality or actuality

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

gentlemennounUS /ˈdʒentəlmɪn/

plural of “gentleman” — a man of refinement

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

greetingsnounUS /ˈɡriːtɪŋz/

plural of “greeting” — (usually plural) an acknowledgment or expression of good will (especially on meeting)

From this reading Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

highestadjectiveUS /ˈhaɪəst/

superlative of “high” — greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

hitheradverbUS /ˈhɪðər/

an old word meaning “to this place”

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Is it in the climate?

informverbUS /ˌɪnˈfɔːrm/

impart knowledge of some fact, state of affairs, or event to

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

Isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Is it in the climate?

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Is it in the climate?

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

knowverbUS /noʊ/

be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.

mainlyadverbUS /ˈmeɪnli/

for the most part

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

mannersnounUS /ˈmænərz/

social deportment

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

meagrenessnoun

the quality of being meager

From this reading Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

notionnounUS /ˈnoʊʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

PerhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.

sea-voyage

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.

strangelyadverbUS /ˈstreɪndʒli/

in a strange manner

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

subdueverbUS /səbˈduː/

put down by force or intimidation

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

sufferverbUS /ˈsʌfər/

undergo or be subjected to

From this reading Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

sympathizedverbUS /ˈsɪmpəθaɪzd/

past form of “sympathize” — share the feelings of; understand the sentiments of

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Is it in the climate?

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

universaladjectiveUS /ˌjuːnəˈvɜːrsəl/

of worldwide scope or applicability

From this reading Another, the first greetings hardly over, asked me how I accounted for the universal meagreness of my countrymen.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

WarnounUS /wɔːr/

the waging of armed conflict against an enemy

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Either I have a false notion of European manners, or else the atmosphere affects them strangely when exported hither.

winesnounUS /waɪnz/

plural of “wine” — fermented juice (of grapes especially)

From this reading Perhaps they suffer from the sea-voyage like some of the more delicate wines.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading During our Civil War an English gentleman of the highest description was kind enough to call upon me, mainly, as it seemed, to inform me how entirely he sympathized with the Confederates, and how sure he felt that we could never subdue them,--“they were the _gentlemen_ of the country, you know.”

Chapter 3 of My study windows by James Russell Lowell holds 443 sentences, grouped into 89 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of My study windows contain?

Chapter 3 holds 443 sentences of My study windows, unabridged, divided into 89 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of My study windows by James Russell Lowell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 443 sentences, grouped into 89 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of My study windows?

Work through the 89 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 89 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading My study windows

Common questions about reading My study windows by James Russell Lowell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of My study windows?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of My study windows is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does My study windows take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read My study windows section by section

How to work through My study windows section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of My study windows to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in My study windows

Words and structures a reader meets early in My study windows, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of My study windows, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of My study windows, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of My study windows, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.