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My study windows
My study windows

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of My study windows is here in full — 421 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.
A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.
As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.
Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.
Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

My study windows

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of My study windows is here in full — 421 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.
Line 2
A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.
Line 3
As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.
/æz noʊ wʌn ˈevər ˌɪnˈvents ə wɜːrd ənd jet ˈlæŋɡwədʒ ˈsʌmhaʊ ɡroʊz baɪ ˈdʒenərəl ˌkɑːntrəˈbjuːʃən ənd nəˈsesəti soʊ ɪt ɪz wɪð θɔːt/
Line 4
Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.
Line 5
Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.
/ərˌɪdʒəˈnælɪti kənˈsɪsts ɪn ˈpaʊər ʌv daɪˈdʒestɪŋ ənd əˈsɪməleɪtɪŋ θɔːt soʊ ðæt ðeɪ bɪˈkʌm pɑːrt ʌv ˈaʊər laɪf ənd ˈsʌbstəns/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

absurdity noun US /əbˈsɜːrdəti/

a message whose content is at variance with reason

From this reading “This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.”

assimilating adjective US /əˈsɪməleɪtɪŋ/

capable of taking (gas, light, or liquids) into a solution

From this reading “Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.”

contribution noun US /ˌkɑːntrəˈbjuːʃən/

the effort contributed by a person in bringing about a result

From this reading “As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.”

digesting verb US /daɪˈdʒestɪŋ/

-ing form of “digest” — convert food into absorbable substances

From this reading “Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.”

flint noun US /flɪnt/

a hard kind of stone; a form of silica more opaque than chalcedony

From this reading “Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.”

invents verb US /ˌɪnˈvents/

third-person singular of “invent” — come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading “As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.”

originality noun US /ərˌɪdʒəˈnælɪti/

the ability to think and act independently

From this reading “This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.”

Thoreau noun US /θərˈoʊ/

United States writer and social critic (1817-1862)

From this reading “Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

consists in verb + particle counted as “consist in”

In this reading “Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.”

in public preposition + noun

in a manner accessible to or observable by the public; openly

In this reading “Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

absoluteadjectiveUS /ˈæbsəluːt/

perfect or complete or pure

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

absurditynounUS /əbˈsɜːrdəti/

a message whose content is at variance with reason

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

assimilatingadjectiveUS /əˈsɪməleɪtɪŋ/

capable of taking (gas, light, or liquids) into a solution

From this reading Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

consistsverbUS /kənˈsɪsts/

third-person singular of “consist” — originate

From this reading Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.

contributionnounUS /ˌkɑːntrəˈbjuːʃən/

the effort contributed by a person in bringing about a result

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

digestingverbUS /daɪˈdʒestɪŋ/

-ing form of “digest” — convert food into absorbable substances

From this reading Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

flintnounUS /flɪnt/

a hard kind of stone; a form of silica more opaque than chalcedony

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

generaladjectiveUS /ˈdʒenərəl/

applying to all or most members of a category or group

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

goingnounUS /ˈɡoʊɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

growsverbUS /ɡroʊz/

third-person singular of “grow” — pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

insistverbUS /ˌɪnˈsɪst/

be emphatic or resolute and refuse to budge

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

inventsverbUS /ˌɪnˈvents/

third-person singular of “invent” — come up with (an idea, plan, explanation, theory, or principle) after a mental effort

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

knowsnounUS /noʊz/

plural of “know” — the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

languagenounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒ/

a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

match-box

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

necessitynounUS /nəˈsesəti/

the condition of being essential or indispensable

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

notionnounUS /ˈnoʊʃən/

a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

originalitynounUS /ərˌɪdʒəˈnælɪti/

the ability to think and act independently

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

patent-right

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

pinchverbUS /pɪntʃ/

squeeze tightly between the fingers

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

pocketnounUS /ˈpɑːkət/

a small pouch inside a garment for carrying small articles

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

publicnounUS /ˈpʌblɪk/

people in general considered as a whole

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

somehowadverbUS /ˈsʌmhaʊ/

in some unspecified way or manner; or by some unspecified means

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

steelnounUS /stiːl/

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

substancenounUS /ˈsʌbstəns/

the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Originality consists in power of digesting and assimilating thought, so that they become part of our life and substance.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This notion of an absolute originality, as if one could have a patent-right in it, is an absurdity.

ThoreaunounUS /θərˈoʊ/

United States writer and social critic (1817-1862)

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading A man cannot escape in thought, any more than he can in language, from the past and the present.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Mr. Thoreau seems to us to insist in public on going back to flint and steel, when there is a match-box in his pocket which he knows very well how to use at a pinch.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

wordnounUS /wɜːrd/

a unit of language that native speakers can identify

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

yetconjunctionUS /jet/

but in spite of that

From this reading As no one ever invents a word, and yet language somehow grows by general contribution and necessity, so it is with thought.

Chapter 6 of My study windows by James Russell Lowell holds 421 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of My study windows contain?

Chapter 6 holds 421 sentences of My study windows, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of My study windows by James Russell Lowell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 421 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of My study windows?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading My study windows

Common questions about reading My study windows by James Russell Lowell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of My study windows?

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About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in My study windows

Words and structures a reader meets early in My study windows, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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