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Nature
Nature

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Nature is here in full — 53 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Nature
Context Illustration Reading 1/10 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SPIRIT.
IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.
Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.
And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.
Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Nature

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Nature is here in full — 53 sentences across 11 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/10 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SPIRIT.
/ˈspɪrət/
Line 2
IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.
/ɪt ɪz eˈsenʃəl tuː ə truː ˈθɪri ʌv ˈneɪtʃər ənd ʌv mæn ðæt ɪt ʃʊd kənˈteɪn ˈsʌmˈwʌt prəˈɡresɪv/
Line 3
Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.
Line 4
And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.
/ənd ɔːl ðə ˈjuːsəz ʌv ˈneɪtʃər ədˈmɪt ʌv ˈbiːɪŋ sʌmd ɪn wʌn wɪtʃ jiːldz ðə ækˈtɪvəti ʌv mæn æn ˈɪnfənət skoʊp/
Line 5
Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.
/θruː ɔːl ɪts ˈkɪŋdəmz tuː ðə ˈsʌbərbz ənd ˈaʊtskɜːrts ʌv θɪŋz ɪt ɪz ˈfeɪθfəl tuː ðə kɑːz wens ɪt hæd ɪts ˈɔːrədʒən/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

harbored verb US /ˈhɑːrbərd/

past form of “harbor” — maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings)

From this reading “Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.”

kingdoms noun US /ˈkɪŋdəmz/

plural of “kingdom” — a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading “Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.”

outskirts noun US /ˈaʊtskɜːrts/

outlying areas (as of a city or town)

From this reading “Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.”

progressive adjective US /prəˈɡresɪv/

favoring or promoting progress

From this reading “IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.”

scope noun US /skoʊp/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading “And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.”

suburbs noun US /ˈsʌbərbz/

plural of “suburb” — a residential district located on the outskirts of a city

From this reading “Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.”

summed verb US /sʌmd/

inflected form of “sum” — be a summary of

From this reading “And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.”

yields noun US /jiːldz/

plural of “yield” — production of a certain amount

From this reading “And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.”

All words in this reading · 62

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

activitynounUS /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.

admitverbUS /ədˈmɪt/

declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

appropriateverbUS /əˈproʊpriət/

give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

causenounUS /kɑːz/

events that provide the generative force that is the origin of something

From this reading Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.

containverbUS /kənˈteɪn/

include or contain; have as a component

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

endlessadjectiveUS /ˈendləs/

tiresomely long; seemingly without end

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

essentialadjectiveUS /eˈsenʃəl/

absolutely necessary; vitally necessary

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

exercisenounUS /ˈeksərsaɪz/

the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

exhaustedadjectiveUS /ɪɡˈzɔːstɪd/

drained of energy or effectiveness; extremely tired; completely exhausted

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

factsnounUS /fækts/

plural of “fact” — a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

facultiesnounUS /ˈfækəltiz/

plural of “faculty” — one of the inherent cognitive or perceptual powers of the mind

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

faithfuladjectiveUS /ˈfeɪθfəl/

steadfast in affection or allegiance

From this reading Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.

harboredverbUS /ˈhɑːrbərd/

past form of “harbor” — maintain (a theory, thoughts, or feelings)

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

infiniteadjectiveUS /ˈɪnfənət/

having no limits or boundaries in time or space or extent or magnitude

From this reading And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

ITpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.

kingdomsnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəmz/

plural of “kingdom” — a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.

lodgingnounUS /ˈlɑːdʒɪŋ/

structures collectively in which people are housed

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

originnounUS /ˈɔːrədʒən/

the place where something begins, where it springs into being

From this reading Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.

outskirtsnounUS /ˈaʊtskɜːrts/

outlying areas (as of a city or town)

From this reading Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.

progressiveadjectiveUS /prəˈɡresɪv/

favoring or promoting progress

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

scopenounUS /skoʊp/

an area in which something acts or operates or has power or control: "the range of a supersonic jet"

From this reading And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

somewhatadverbUS /ˈsʌmˈwʌt/

to a small degree or extent

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

SPIRITnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading SPIRIT.

statementnounUS /ˈsteɪtmənt/

a message that is stated or declared; a communication (oral or written) setting forth particulars or facts etc

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

suburbsnounUS /ˈsʌbərbz/

plural of “suburb” — a residential district located on the outskirts of a city

From this reading Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.

summedverbUS /sʌmd/

inflected form of “sum” — be a summary of

From this reading And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

theorynounUS /ˈθɪri/

a well-substantiated explanation of some aspect of the natural world; an organized system of accepted knowledge that applies in a variety of circumstances to explain a specific set of phenomena

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

ThroughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

trueadjectiveUS /truː/

consistent with fact or reality; not false

From this reading IT is essential to a true theory of nature and of man, that it should contain somewhat progressive.

UsesnounUS /ˈjuːsəz/

plural of “use” — the act of using

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

whenceadverbUS /wens/

an old word meaning “from where”

From this reading Through all its kingdoms, to the suburbs and outskirts of things, it is faithful to the cause whence it had its origin.

wherein

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Uses that are exhausted or that may be, and facts that end in the statement, cannot be all that is true of this brave lodging wherein man is harbored, and wherein all his faculties find appropriate and endless exercise.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.

yieldsnounUS /jiːldz/

plural of “yield” — production of a certain amount

From this reading And all the uses of nature admit of being summed in one, which yields the activity of man an infinite scope.

Chapter 8 of Nature by Ralph Waldo Emerson holds 53 sentences, grouped into 11 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Nature contain?

Chapter 8 holds 53 sentences of Nature, unabridged, divided into 11 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Nature by Ralph Waldo Emerson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 53 sentences, grouped into 11 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Nature?

Work through the 11 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 11 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Nature

Common questions about reading Nature by Ralph Waldo Emerson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Nature?

Yes. All 782 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #29433 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Nature is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #29433, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Nature take to read?

About 65 minutes of reading across 157 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Nature section by section

How to work through Nature section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of Nature to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Nature

Words and structures a reader meets early in Nature, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Subtle
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Chain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Countless
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.