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Nedra
Nedra

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Nedra is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/21 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.
The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.
Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.
Wedding garments had been woven in the most artistic and approved fashion.
Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Nedra

Chapter XXXI · Chapter 31

Chapter 31 of Nedra is here in full — 106 sentences across 22 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/21 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.
/ðə ˈwedɪŋ rɪŋ ðə sɪks mʌnθs pæst ənd ðə streɪndʒ ˈwedɪŋ wɑːz nɪr æt hænd/
Line 2
The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.
/ðə ˌʌndərˈlaɪɪŋ hoʊp ðæt ðeɪ maɪt biː dɪˈskʌvərd ənd rɪˈstɔːrd tuː ðə laɪf ðæt siːmd soʊ riˈmoʊtli fɑːr bɪˈhaɪnd ðem wɑːz ˌoʊvərˈʃædoʊd əˈblɪtəreɪtɪd baɪ ðə kənˈdɪʃənz ənd ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz əˈtendɪŋ ðer ˈnʌptʃəlz/
Line 3
Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.
Line 4
Wedding garments had been woven in the most artistic and approved fashion.
/ˈwedɪŋ ˈɡɑːrmənts hæd bɪn ˈwoʊvən ɪn ðə moʊst ɑːrˈtɪstɪk ənd əˈpruːvd ˈfæʃən/
Line 5
Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

extensive adjective US /ɪkˈstensɪv/

large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity

From this reading “Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.”

lavish adjective US /ˈlævɪʃ/

very generous

From this reading “Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.”

nuptials noun US /ˈnʌptʃəlz/

the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed

From this reading “The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.”

obliterated adjective US /əˈblɪtəreɪtɪd/

reduced to nothingness

From this reading “The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.”

overshadowed verb US /ˌoʊvərˈʃædoʊd/

past form of “overshadow” — be greater in significance than

From this reading “The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.”

remotely adverb US /riˈmoʊtli/

in a remote manner

From this reading “The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.”

underlying adjective US /ˌʌndərˈlaɪɪŋ/

in the nature of something though not readily apparent

From this reading “The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.”

woven adjective US /ˈwoʊvən/

made or constructed by interlacing threads or strips of material or other elements into a whole

From this reading “Wedding garments had been woven in the most artistic and approved fashion.”

All words in this reading · 78

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading _THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.

approvedadjectiveUS /əˈpruːvd/

established by authority; given authoritative approval

From this reading Wedding garments had been woven in the most artistic and approved fashion.

artisticadjectiveUS /ɑːrˈtɪstɪk/

relating to or characteristic of art or artists

From this reading Wedding garments had been woven in the most artistic and approved fashion.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading _THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.

attendingnounUS /əˈtendɪŋ/

the process whereby a person concentrates on some features of the environment to the (relative) exclusion of others

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Wedding garments had been woven in the most artistic and approved fashion.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

civilizationnounUS /ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/

a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

conditionsnounUS /kənˈdɪʃənz/

the prevailing context that influences the performance or the outcome of a process

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

desiresnounUS /dɪˈzaɪərz/

plural of “desire” — the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

elaborateadjectiveUS /ɪˈlæbrət/

marked by complexity and richness of detail

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

extensiveadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstensɪv/

large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

fashionnounUS /ˈfæʃən/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Wedding garments had been woven in the most artistic and approved fashion.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

garmentsnounUS /ˈɡɑːrmənts/

plural of “garment” — an article of clothing

From this reading Wedding garments had been woven in the most artistic and approved fashion.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Wedding garments had been woven in the most artistic and approved fashion.

handnounUS /hænd/

the (prehensile) extremity of the superior limb

From this reading _THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

heathennounUS /ˈhiːðən/

a person who does not acknowledge your god

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

justifiedadjectiveUS /ˈdʒʌstəfaɪd/

having words so spaced that lines have straight even margins

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

LadynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

lavishadjectiveUS /ˈlævɪʃ/

very generous

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

mannernounUS /ˈmænər/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

monthsnounUS /mʌnθs/

plural of “month” — one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading _THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Wedding garments had been woven in the most artistic and approved fashion.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading _THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.

Nedra

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

nuptialsnounUS /ˈnʌptʃəlz/

the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

obliteratedadjectiveUS /əˈblɪtəreɪtɪd/

reduced to nothingness

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

overshadowedverbUS /ˌoʊvərˈʃædoʊd/

past form of “overshadow” — be greater in significance than

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading _THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.

passionnounUS /ˈpæʃən/

a strong feeling or emotion

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

preparationsnounUS /ˌprepərˈeɪʃənz/

plural of “preparation” — the activity of putting or setting in order in advance of some act or purpose

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

producedverbUS /prəˈduːst/

past form of “produce” — bring forth or yield

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

questionverbUS /ˈkwestʃən/

challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

remotelyadverbUS /riˈmoʊtli/

in a remote manner

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

restoredverbUS /rɪˈstɔːrd/

past form of “restore” — return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

RINGverbUS /rɪŋ/

sound loudly and sonorously

From this reading _THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

SinceritynounUS /sɪnˈserəti/

an earnest and sincere feeling

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

sixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading _THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

strangeadjectiveUS /streɪndʒ/

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading _THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.

Tennys's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading _THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

trousseaunoun

the personal outfit of a bride; clothes and accessories and linens

From this reading Lady Tennys's trousseau was most elaborate, far more extensive than even the most lavish desires of civilization could have produced.

underlyingadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈlaɪɪŋ/

in the nature of something though not readily apparent

From this reading The underlying hope that they might be discovered and restored to the life that seemed so remotely far behind them was overshadowed, obliterated by the conditions and preparations attending their nuptials.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.

WEDDINGnounUS /ˈwedɪŋ/

the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed

From this reading _THE WEDDING RING_ The six months passed and the strange wedding was near at hand.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

wifenounUS /waɪf/

a married woman; a man's partner in marriage

From this reading Sincerity of purpose and the force of their passion justified beyond all question the manner in which they were to become man and wife in this heathen land of Nedra.

wovenadjectiveUS /ˈwoʊvən/

made or constructed by interlacing threads or strips of material or other elements into a whole

From this reading Wedding garments had been woven in the most artistic and approved fashion.

Chapter 31 of Nedra by George Barr McCutcheon holds 106 sentences, grouped into 22 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 31 of Nedra contain?

Chapter 31 holds 106 sentences of Nedra, unabridged, divided into 22 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 31 of Nedra by George Barr McCutcheon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 106 sentences, grouped into 22 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 31 of Nedra?

Work through the 22 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 22 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 31 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 31 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Nedra

Common questions about reading Nedra by George Barr McCutcheon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Nedra?

Yes. All 5618 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13967 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Nedra is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13967, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Nedra take to read?

About 468 minutes of reading across 1124 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Nedra section by section

How to work through Nedra section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 35 chapters of Nedra to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Nedra

Words and structures a reader meets early in Nedra, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nedra; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Swiftly
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nedra; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stone
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nedra; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Steps
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nedra; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.