Complete classic literature • Five-line readings • Clear US narration
VELMORA ACADEMY
Academy of Archival Languages & Memory Studies
Menu Close
Negro workaday songs
Negro workaday songs

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Negro workaday songs is here in full — 277 sentences across 56 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Negro workaday songs
Context Illustration Reading 1/55 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.
Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.
One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.
Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.
Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.
0:00 / 0:00
Speed 0.75x
AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Negro workaday songs

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Negro workaday songs is here in full — 277 sentences across 56 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/55 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.
Line 2
Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.
/ðʌs ðə ˈpɪktʃər meɪ biː vjuːd frʌm ɔːl saɪdz ənd frʌm ˈdɪfərənt ˈæŋɡəlz wɪð sʌtʃ ˈleʒər ənd ˌrepəˈtɪʃən æz wɪl ˌɪnˈʃʊr ˈækjərət ˌɪmˈpreʃənz/
Line 3
One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.
/wʌn ʌv ðiːz taɪps ɪz ðə poʊ bɔɪ lɔːŋ weɪ frʌm hoʊm ˈsɪŋɪŋ daʊn ðæt ˈloʊnsəm roʊd æz ˌreprɪˈzentɪd ɪn ðə ˈpriːviəs ˈtʃæptər/
Line 4
Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.
/ˈweðər ɪn hɪz ˈɔːrdəneri ˈdeɪli tæsk ɔːr ɑːn hɪz ˈpɪlɡrəmɪdʒɪz əˈfɑːr ɔːr ɪn ðə ˈmeʃɪz ʌv ðə lɔː ðɪs ˈsɪŋər əˈproʊtʃəz pərˈfekʃən ɪn ðə dɪˌlɪniˈeɪʃən ʌv hɪz taɪp/
Line 5
Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

completeness noun US /kəmˈpliːtnəs/

the state of being complete and entire; having everything that is needed

From this reading “BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.”

contributes verb US /kənˈtrɪbjuːts/

third-person singular of “contribute” — bestow a quality on

From this reading “BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.”

delineation noun US /dɪˌlɪniˈeɪʃən/

a graphic or vivid verbal description

From this reading “Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.”

epitomized verb US /ɪˈpɪtəmaɪzd/

past form of “epitomize” — embody the essential characteristics of or be a typical example of

From this reading “BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.”

meshes noun US /ˈmeʃɪz/

plural of “mesh” — the number of openings per linear inch of a screen; measures size of particles

From this reading “Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.”

pilgrimages noun US /ˈpɪlɡrəmɪdʒɪz/

plural of “pilgrimage” — a journey to a sacred place

From this reading “Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.”

vividness noun US /ˈvɪvədnəs/

interest and variety and intensity

From this reading “BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.”

workaday adjective US /ˈwɜːrkədeɪ/

found in the ordinary course of events

From this reading “BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

fortunate circumstance adjective + noun

In this reading “BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.”

daily task noun + noun

In this reading “Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.”

previous chapter adjective + noun

In this reading “One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.”

different angles adjective + noun counted as “different angle”

In this reading “Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.”

Left Wing noun + noun

those who support varying degrees of social or political or economic change designed to promote the public welfare

In this reading “Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.”

meshes of verb + particle counted as “mesh of”

In this reading “Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.”

long way adjective + noun

In this reading “One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.”

BAD MAN adjective + noun

In this reading “BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.”

All words in this reading · 92

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

accurateadjectiveUS /ˈækjərət/

conforming exactly or almost exactly to fact or to a standard or performing with total accuracy

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

afaradverbUS /əˈfɑːr/

(old-fashioned) at or from or to a great distance; far

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

anglesnounUS /ˈæŋɡəlz/

plural of “angle” — the space between two lines or planes that intersect; the inclination of one line to another; measured in degrees or radians

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

AnotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.

approachesnounUS /əˈproʊtʃəz/

plural of “approach” — ideas or actions intended to deal with a problem or situation

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

BADadjectiveUS /bæd/

having undesirable or negative qualities

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

BALLADSnounUS /ˈbælədz/

plural of “ballad” — a narrative song with a recurrent refrain

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

chapternounUS /ˈtʃæptər/

a subdivision of a written work; usually numbered and titled

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

charactersnounUS /ˈkærəktərz/

plural of “character” — an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

circumstancenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

completenessnounUS /kəmˈpliːtnəs/

the state of being complete and entire; having everything that is needed

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

contributesverbUS /kənˈtrɪbjuːts/

third-person singular of “contribute” — bestow a quality on

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

dailyadverbUS /ˈdeɪli/

every day; without missing a day

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

delineationnounUS /dɪˌlɪniˈeɪʃən/

a graphic or vivid verbal description

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

epitomizedverbUS /ɪˈpɪtəmaɪzd/

past form of “epitomize” — embody the essential characteristics of or be a typical example of

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

fortunateadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrtʃənət/

having unexpected good fortune

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

Gordon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.

HenrynounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

impressionsnounUS /ˌɪmˈpreʃənz/

plural of “impression” — a vague idea in which some confidence is placed

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

insureverbUS /ˌɪnˈʃʊr/

be careful or certain to do something; make certain of something

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

JAMBOREEnoun

a gay festivity

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.

lawnounUS /lɔː/

the collection of rules imposed by authority

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

LeftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.

leisurenounUS /ˈleʒər/

time available for ease and relaxation

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

lonesomeadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnsəm/

being the only one; single and isolated from others

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

MANnounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

meshesnounUS /ˈmeʃɪz/

plural of “mesh” — the number of openings per linear inch of a screen; measures size of particles

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

NegronounUS /ˈniːɡroʊ/

a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

ordinarynounUS /ˈɔːrdəneri/

a judge of a probate court

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

perfectionnounUS /pərˈfekʃən/

the state of being without a flaw or defect

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

pilgrimagesnounUS /ˈpɪlɡrəmɪdʒɪz/

plural of “pilgrimage” — a journey to a sacred place

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

ponounUS /poʊ/

a radioactive metallic element that is similar to tellurium and bismuth; occurs in uranium ores but can be produced by bombarding bismuth with neutrons in a nuclear reactor

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

portraitsnounUS /ˈpɔːrtrəts/

plural of “portrait” — a word picture of a person's appearance and character

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

presentedverbUS /priˈzentɪd/

past form of “present” — give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.

previousadjectiveUS /ˈpriːviəs/

just preceding something else in time or order

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

repetitionnounUS /ˌrepəˈtɪʃən/

an event that repeats

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

representedadjectiveUS /ˌreprɪˈzentɪd/

represented accurately or precisely

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

singernounUS /ˈsɪŋər/

a person who sings

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

singersnounUS /ˈsɪŋərz/

plural of “singer” — a person who sings

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

singingnounUS /ˈsɪŋɪŋ/

the act of singing vocal music

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

songsnounUS /sɔːŋz/

plural of “song” — a short musical composition with words

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

typenounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

typesnounUS /taɪps/

plural of “type” — a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

viewedverbUS /vjuːd/

past form of “view” — deem to be

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

vividnessnounUS /ˈvɪvədnəs/

interest and variety and intensity

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading One of these types is the “po’ boy long way from home” singing down “that lonesome road,” as represented in the previous chapter.

WhetherconjunctionUS /ˈweðər/

used to introduce two or more possibilities

From this reading Whether in his ordinary daily task, or on his pilgrimages afar, or in the meshes of the law, this singer approaches perfection in the delineation of his type.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

WingnounUS /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Thus the picture may be viewed from all sides and from different angles, with such leisure and repetition as will insure accurate impressions.

workadayadjectiveUS /ˈwɜːrkədeɪ/

found in the ordinary course of events

From this reading BAD MAN BALLADS AND JAMBOREE There is this fortunate circumstance which contributes to the completeness and vividness of the Negro portraits as found in workaday songs: the whole picture is often epitomized in each of several characters or types of singers and their songs.

XIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.

XIIInoun

the cardinal number that is the sum of twelve and one

From this reading Another type is that to be found in the story of Left Wing Gordon as presented in Chapter XII, and of John Henry in Chapter XIII.

Chapter 4 of Negro workaday songs by Howard Washington Odum holds 277 sentences, grouped into 56 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Negro workaday songs contain?

Chapter 4 holds 277 sentences of Negro workaday songs, unabridged, divided into 56 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Negro workaday songs by Howard Washington Odum exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 277 sentences, grouped into 56 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Negro workaday songs?

Work through the 56 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 56 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Negro workaday songs

Common questions about reading Negro workaday songs by Howard Washington Odum on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Negro workaday songs?

Yes. All 3471 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #69378 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Negro workaday songs is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #69378, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Negro workaday songs take to read?

About 289 minutes of reading across 695 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Negro workaday songs section by section

How to work through Negro workaday songs section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Negro workaday songs to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Negro workaday songs

Words and structures a reader meets early in Negro workaday songs, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Printed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Negro workaday songs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Italics
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Negro workaday songs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Source
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Negro workaday songs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Document
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Negro workaday songs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.