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Negro workaday songs
Negro workaday songs

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Negro workaday songs is here in full — 240 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Negro workaday songs
Context Illustration Reading 1/48 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, traveling man de luxe in the flesh and blood.
Not so John Henry, who was most probably a mythical character.
Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was mos fore-handed steel-drivin man in the world.”
Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.
Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Negro workaday songs

Chapter XV

Chapter 15 of Negro workaday songs is here in full — 240 sentences across 48 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/48 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling mande luxe in the flesh and blood.
Line 2
Not so John Henry, who was most probably a mythical character.
/nɑːt soʊ dʒɑːn ˈhenri huː wɑːz moʊst ˈprɑːbəbliː ə ˈmɪθəkəl ˈkerɪktər/
Line 3
Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he wasmosfore-handed steel-drivinman in the world.”
Line 4
Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.
/stɪl hiː ɪz nʌn ðə les riːl æz ə ˈvɪvəd ˈpɪktʃər ənd ɪɡˈzæmpəl ʌv ðə ɡʊd mæn ˈhɪroʊ ʌv ðə reɪs/
Line 5
Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ballad noun US /ˈbæləd/

a narrative song with a recurrent refrain

From this reading “Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.”

Bunyan noun US /ˈbʌnjən/

English preacher and author of an allegorical novel, Pilgrim's Progress (1628-1688)

From this reading “Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.”

Carolina noun US /ˌkerəˈlaɪnə/

the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina

From this reading “Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.””

epic adjective US /ˈepɪk/

very imposing or impressive; surpassing the ordinary (especially in size or scale)

From this reading “JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.”

Georgia noun US /ˈdʒɔːrdʒə/

a state in southeastern United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading “Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.””

intrinsic adjective US /ˌɪnˈtrɪnsɪk/

belonging to a thing by its very nature

From this reading “Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.”

mos noun US /mɔːs/

plural of “mo” — an indefinitely short time

From this reading “Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.””

mythical adjective US /ˈmɪθəkəl/

based on or told of in traditional stories; lacking factual basis or historical validity

From this reading “Not so John Henry, who was most probably a mythical character.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

intrinsic merit adjective + noun

In this reading “Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.”

vivid picture adjective + noun

In this reading “Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.”

Left Wing noun + noun

those who support varying degrees of social or political or economic change designed to promote the public welfare

In this reading “JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.”

well understood adverb + adjective

In this reading “Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.””

other reasons adjective + noun counted as “other reason”

In this reading “Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.”

in the world preposition + article + noun counted as “in … world”

In this reading “Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.””

good man adjective + noun

In this reading “Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.”

in the states preposition + article + noun counted as “in … state”

In this reading “Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.””

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

althoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.

balladnounUS /ˈbæləd/

a narrative song with a recurrent refrain

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

BunyannounUS /ˈbʌnjən/

English preacher and author of an allegorical novel, Pilgrim's Progress (1628-1688)

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

CarolinanounUS /ˌkerəˈlaɪnə/

the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

carriesnounUS /ˈkæriz/

plural of “carry” — the act of carrying something

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

characternounUS /ˈkerɪktər/

an imaginary person represented in a work of fiction (play or film or story)

From this reading Not so John Henry, who was most probably a mythical character.

denounUS /diː/

a Mid-Atlantic state; one of the original 13 colonies

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

EPICadjectiveUS /ˈepɪk/

very imposing or impressive; surpassing the ordinary (especially in size or scale)

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

examplenounUS /ɪɡˈzæmpəl/

an item of information that is typical of a class or group

From this reading Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.

fleshnounUS /fleʃ/

the soft tissue of the body of a vertebrate: mainly muscle tissue and fat

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

fore-handed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

GeorgianounUS /ˈdʒɔːrdʒə/

a state in southeastern United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.

Gordon

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

HENRYnounUS /ˈhenri/

a unit of inductance in which an induced electromotive force of one volt is produced when the current is varied at the rate of one ampere per second

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

heronounUS /ˈhɪroʊ/

a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength

From this reading Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

intrinsicadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈtrɪnsɪk/

belonging to a thing by its very nature

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

JOHNnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

LeftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

luxeadjective

elegant and sumptuous

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

meritnounUS /ˈmerət/

any admirable quality or attribute

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

mosnounUS /mɔːs/

plural of “mo” — an indefinitely short time

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Not so John Henry, who was most probably a mythical character.

mythicaladjectiveUS /ˈmɪθəkəl/

based on or told of in traditional stories; lacking factual basis or historical validity

From this reading Not so John Henry, who was most probably a mythical character.

NEGROnounUS /ˈniːɡroʊ/

a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.

NorthnounUS /nɔːrθ/

the region of the United States lying to the north of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

NotadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Not so John Henry, who was most probably a mythical character.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

ownverbUS /oʊn/

have ownership or possession of

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

PaulnounUS /pɔːl/

United States feminist (1885-1977)

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

personallyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrsənəli/

as yourself

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

picturenounUS /ˈpɪktʃər/

a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface

From this reading Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.

probablyadverbUS /ˈprɑːbəbliː/

with considerable certainty; without much doubt

From this reading Not so John Henry, who was most probably a mythical character.

questionedverbUS /ˈkwestʃənd/

past form of “question” — challenge the accuracy, probity, or propriety of

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.

realadjectiveUS /riːl/

being or occurring in fact or actuality; having verified existence; not illusory

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

reasonsnounUS /ˈriːzənz/

plural of “reason” — a rational motive for a belief or action

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

reportverbUS /riˈpɔːrt/

to give an account or representation of in words

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

significantadjectiveUS /səɡˈnɪfɪkənt/

important in effect or meaning

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Not so John Henry, who was most probably a mythical character.

songnounUS /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

statesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

steel-drivin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

StilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.

storynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

studiesnounUS /ˈstʌdiz/

plural of “study” — a detailed critical inspection

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Although, like the story of Left Wing, the _John Henry_ ballad carries its own intrinsic merit, this song of the black Paul Bunyan of the Negro workingman is significant for other reasons.

travelingnounUS /ˈtrævəlɪŋ/

the act of going from one place to another

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

understoodadjectiveUS /ˌʌndərˈstʊd/

fully apprehended as to purport or meaning or explanation

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

vividadjectiveUS /ˈvɪvəd/

evoking lifelike images within the mind

From this reading Still he is none the less real as a vivid picture and example of the good man hero of the race.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

WhateverdeterminerUS /ˌwʌˈtevər/

any or all of a kind, it does not matter which

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Not so John Henry, who was most probably a mythical character.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

WingnounUS /wɪŋ/

a movable organ for flying (one of a pair)

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

WORKINGMANnoun

an employee who performs manual or industrial labor

From this reading JOHN HENRY: EPIC OF THE NEGRO WORKINGMAN Left Wing Gordon was and is a very real person, “traveling man” de luxe in the flesh and blood.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading Whatever other studies may report, no Negro whom we have questioned in the states of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia has ever seen or known of John Henry personally or known any one who has, although it is well understood that he was “mos’ fore-handed steel-drivin’ man in the world.”

Chapter 15 of Negro workaday songs by Howard Washington Odum holds 240 sentences, grouped into 48 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 15 of Negro workaday songs contain?

Chapter 15 holds 240 sentences of Negro workaday songs, unabridged, divided into 48 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 15 of Negro workaday songs by Howard Washington Odum exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 240 sentences, grouped into 48 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 15 of Negro workaday songs?

Work through the 48 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 48 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 15 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 15 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Negro workaday songs

Common questions about reading Negro workaday songs by Howard Washington Odum on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Negro workaday songs?

Yes. All 3471 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #69378 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Negro workaday songs is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #69378, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Negro workaday songs take to read?

About 289 minutes of reading across 695 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Negro workaday songs section by section

How to work through Negro workaday songs section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Negro workaday songs to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Negro workaday songs

Words and structures a reader meets early in Negro workaday songs, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Printed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Negro workaday songs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Italics
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Negro workaday songs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Source
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Negro workaday songs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Document
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Negro workaday songs; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.