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New National Fourth Reader
New National Fourth Reader

Chapter XIV · Chapter 14

Chapter 14 of New National Fourth Reader is here in full — 31 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/6 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.
It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.
In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea.
Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.
On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

New National Fourth Reader

Chapter XIV · Chapter 14

Chapter 14 of New National Fourth Reader is here in full — 31 sentences across 7 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/6 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.
Line 2
It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.
Line 3
In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea.
/ɪn ðə fɜːrst pleɪs ə lɑːrdʒ ˈpɔːrʃən ʌv ðə ˈkʌntri ɪz ˈloʊər ðæn ðə ˈlevəl ʌv ðə siː/
Line 4
Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.
/ɡreɪt daɪks hæv bɪn bɪlt æt ə ˈhevi kɑːst ʌv ˈmʌni ənd ˈleɪbər tuː kiːp ðə ˈoʊʃən wer ɪt bɪˈlɔːŋz/
Line 5
On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.
/ɑːn ˈsɜːrtən pɑːrts ʌv ðə koʊst ɪt səmˈtaɪmz liːnz wɪð ɔːl ɪts weɪt əˈɡenst ðə lænd ənd ɪt ɪz æz mʌtʃ æz ðə puːr ˈkʌntri kæn duː tuː stænd ðə ˈpreʃər/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

belongs verb US /bɪˈlɔːŋz/

third-person singular of “belong” — be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading “Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.”

countries noun US /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading “Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.”

dikes noun US /daɪks/

plural of “dike” — (slang) offensive term for a lesbian who is noticeably masculine

From this reading “Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.”

Holland noun US /ˈhɑːlənd/

a constitutional monarchy in western Europe on the North Sea; half the country lies below sea level

From this reading “Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.”

labor noun US /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading “Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.”

leans noun US /liːnz/

plural of “lean” — the property possessed by a line or surface that departs from the vertical

From this reading “On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.”

ocean noun US /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading “Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.”

pressure noun US /ˈpreʃər/

the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit)

From this reading “On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.”

All words in this reading · 70

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

belongsverbUS /bɪˈlɔːŋz/

third-person singular of “belong” — be owned by; be in the possession of

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

Contrary-land

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

costnounUS /kɑːst/

the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

countriesnounUS /ˈkʌntriz/

plural of “country” — a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

dikesnounUS /daɪks/

plural of “dike” — (slang) offensive term for a lesbian who is noticeably masculine

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

everydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

GreatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

HollandnounUS /ˈhɑːlənd/

a constitutional monarchy in western Europe on the North Sea; half the country lies below sea level

From this reading Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

labornounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea.

leansnounUS /liːnz/

plural of “lean” — the property possessed by a line or surface that departs from the vertical

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

levelnounUS /ˈlevəl/

a position on a scale of intensity or amount or quality

From this reading In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea.

lowerverbUS /ˈloʊər/

move something or somebody to a lower position

From this reading In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

oceannounUS /ˈoʊʃən/

a large body of water constituting a principal part of the hydrosphere

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

Odd-land

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.

OnprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

portionnounUS /ˈpɔːrʃən/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea.

pressurenounUS /ˈpreʃər/

the force applied to a unit area of surface; measured in pascals (SI unit) or in dynes (cgs unit)

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

queerest

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading In the first place, a large portion of the country is lower than the level of the sea.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.

thingnounUS /θɪŋ/

a special situation

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading Holland is one of the queerest countries under the sun.

weightnounUS /weɪt/

the vertical force exerted by a mass as a result of gravity

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading Great dikes have been built at a heavy cost of money and labor, to keep the ocean where it belongs.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading On certain parts of the coast it sometimes leans with all its weight against the land, and it is as much as the poor country can do to stand the pressure.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading It should be called Odd-land, or Contrary-land; for, in nearly every thing, it is different from other parts of the world.

Chapter 14 of New National Fourth Reader by Charles J. (Charles Joseph) Barnes holds 31 sentences, grouped into 7 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 14 of New National Fourth Reader contain?

Chapter 14 holds 31 sentences of New National Fourth Reader, unabridged, divided into 7 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 14 of New National Fourth Reader by Charles J. (Charles Joseph) Barnes exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 31 sentences, grouped into 7 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 14 of New National Fourth Reader?

Work through the 7 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 7 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 14 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 14 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading New National Fourth Reader

Common questions about reading New National Fourth Reader by Charles J. (Charles Joseph) Barnes on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of New National Fourth Reader?

Yes. All 3366 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #15825 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of New National Fourth Reader is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #15825, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does New National Fourth Reader take to read?

About 280 minutes of reading across 674 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read New National Fourth Reader section by section

How to work through New National Fourth Reader section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 30 chapters of New National Fourth Reader to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in New National Fourth Reader

Words and structures a reader meets early in New National Fourth Reader, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Little
A word that appears in the opening chapter of New National Fourth Reader; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Whose
A word that appears in the opening chapter of New National Fourth Reader; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Johnny
A word that appears in the opening chapter of New National Fourth Reader; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mamma
A word that appears in the opening chapter of New National Fourth Reader; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.