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Niels Klim's journey under the ground
Niels Klim's journey under the ground

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Niels Klim's journey under the ground is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Niels Klim's journey under the ground
Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
DESCRIPTION OF THE TOWN KEBA.
During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.
Keba is the town next in size and importance to the capital of the kingdom of Potu.
The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.
They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Niels Klim's journey under the ground

Chapter IV · Chapter 4

Chapter 4 of Niels Klim's journey under the ground is here in full — 43 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
DESCRIPTION OF THE TOWN KEBA.
Line 2
During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.
/ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə kɔːrs ʌv maɪ ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən maɪ ˈlændlɔːrd ˈfriːkwəntli ˈkærid miː əˈbaʊt ðə taʊn ənd ˈpɔɪntɪd aʊt ðə moʊst rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl θɪŋz/
Line 3
Keba is the town next in size and importance to the capital of the kingdom of Potu.
Line 4
The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.
Line 5
They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."
/ðeɪ ɑːr ˈstreɪndʒli əˈdɪktɪd tuː ðə ˈpɪtɪŋ ʌv ˈænəməlz əˈɡenst iːtʃ ˈʌðər ɔːr æz ðeɪ kɔːl ɪt pleɪ faɪt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

addicted adjective US /əˈdɪktɪd/

compulsively or physiologically dependent on something habit-forming

From this reading “They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."”

community noun US /kəˈmjuːnəti/

a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading “The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.”

inhabitants noun US /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading “The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.”

landlord noun US /ˈlændlɔːrd/

a landowner who leases to others

From this reading “During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.”

moderation noun US /ˌmɑːdərˈeɪʃən/

quality of being moderate and avoiding extremes

From this reading “The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.”

pitting noun US /ˈpɪtɪŋ/

the formation of small pits in a surface as a consequence of corrosion

From this reading “They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."”

respected adjective US /rɪˈspektɪd/

receiving deferential regard

From this reading “The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.”

strangely adverb US /ˈstreɪndʒli/

in a strange manner

From this reading “They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

addictedadjectiveUS /əˈdɪktɪd/

compulsively or physiologically dependent on something habit-forming

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

animalsnounUS /ˈænəməlz/

plural of “animal” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

callverbUS /kɔːl/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

capitalnounUS /ˈkæpətəl/

assets available for use in the production of further assets

From this reading Keba is the town next in size and importance to the capital of the kingdom of Potu.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

communitynounUS /kəˈmjuːnəti/

a group of people living in a particular local area

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

DESCRIPTIONnounUS /dɪˈskrɪpʃən/

a statement that represents something in words

From this reading DESCRIPTION OF THE TOWN KEBA.

distinguishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃt/

(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

DuringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

educationnounUS /ˌedʒəˈkeɪʃən/

the activities of educating or instructing; activities that impart knowledge or skill

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

fightverbUS /faɪt/

be engaged in a fight; carry on a fight

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

frequentlyadverbUS /ˈfriːkwəntli/

many times at short intervals

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

importancenounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading Keba is the town next in size and importance to the capital of the kingdom of Potu.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Keba is the town next in size and importance to the capital of the kingdom of Potu.

inhabitantsnounUS /ɪnˈhæbətənts/

plural of “inhabitant” — a person who inhabits a particular place

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Keba is the town next in size and importance to the capital of the kingdom of Potu.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

KEBA

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading DESCRIPTION OF THE TOWN KEBA.

kingdomnounUS /ˈkɪŋdəm/

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading Keba is the town next in size and importance to the capital of the kingdom of Potu.

landlordnounUS /ˈlændlɔːrd/

a landowner who leases to others

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

moderationnounUS /ˌmɑːdərˈeɪʃən/

quality of being moderate and avoiding extremes

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading Keba is the town next in size and importance to the capital of the kingdom of Potu.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading DESCRIPTION OF THE TOWN KEBA.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

pittingnounUS /ˈpɪtɪŋ/

the formation of small pits in a surface as a consequence of corrosion

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

pointedadjectiveUS /ˈpɔɪntɪd/

having a point

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

Potu

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Keba is the town next in size and importance to the capital of the kingdom of Potu.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

respectedadjectiveUS /rɪˈspektɪd/

receiving deferential regard

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

sedatenessnoun

a trait of dignified seriousness

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

sizenounUS /saɪz/

the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading Keba is the town next in size and importance to the capital of the kingdom of Potu.

strangelyadverbUS /ˈstreɪndʒli/

in a strange manner

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading DESCRIPTION OF THE TOWN KEBA.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The inhabitants are distinguished for their sedateness and moderation; old age is more respected by them than by any other community.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They are strangely addicted to the pitting of animals against each other; or, as they call it, "play fight."

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading During the course of my education, my landlord frequently carried me about the town, and pointed out the most remarkable things.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Keba is the town next in size and importance to the capital of the kingdom of Potu.

TOWNnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading DESCRIPTION OF THE TOWN KEBA.

Chapter 4 of Niels Klim's journey under the ground by Ludvig Holberg holds 43 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Niels Klim's journey under the ground contain?

Chapter 4 holds 43 sentences of Niels Klim's journey under the ground, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Niels Klim's journey under the ground by Ludvig Holberg exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 43 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Niels Klim's journey under the ground?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Niels Klim's journey under the ground

Common questions about reading Niels Klim's journey under the ground by Ludvig Holberg on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Niels Klim's journey under the ground?

Yes. All 1586 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #27884 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Niels Klim's journey under the ground is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #27884, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Niels Klim's journey under the ground take to read?

About 132 minutes of reading across 318 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Niels Klim's journey under the ground section by section

How to work through Niels Klim's journey under the ground section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Niels Klim's journey under the ground to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Niels Klim's journey under the ground

Words and structures a reader meets early in Niels Klim's journey under the ground, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Complete
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Niels Klim's journey under the ground; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Please
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Niels Klim's journey under the ground; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bottom
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Niels Klim's journey under the ground; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Document
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Niels Klim's journey under the ground; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.