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Niels Klim's journey under the ground
Niels Klim's journey under the ground

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of Niels Klim's journey under the ground is here in full — 80 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Niels Klim's journey under the ground
Context Illustration Reading 1/16 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.
Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.
Meanwhile I ruminated on my singular course.
The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.
Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Niels Klim's journey under the ground

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of Niels Klim's journey under the ground is here in full — 80 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/16 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.
Line 2
Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.
Line 3
Meanwhile I ruminated on my singular course.
/ˈmiːnwaɪl aɪ ˈruːmɪneɪtɪd ɑːn maɪ ˈsɪŋɡjələr kɔːrs/
Line 4
The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.
Line 5
Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

author's noun US /ˈɔːθərz/

possessive form of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading “THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.”

clearness noun US /ˈklɪrnəs/

free from obscurity and easy to understand; the comprehensibility of clear expression

From this reading “The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.”

fifth noun US /fɪfθ/

a quantity of liquor equal to one fifth of a United States gallon

From this reading “THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.”

founder noun US /ˈfaʊndər/

inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse

From this reading “Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.”

monarchy noun US /ˈmɑːnɑːrki/

an autocracy governed by a monarch who usually inherits the authority

From this reading “THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.”

ruminated verb US /ˈruːmɪneɪtɪd/

past form of “ruminate” — chew the cuds

From this reading “Meanwhile I ruminated on my singular course.”

strongest adjective US /ˈstrɔːŋɡəst/

superlative of “strong” — having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading “Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.”

unprecedented adjective US /ənˈpresɪdentɪd/

having no precedent; novel

From this reading “Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.”

All words in this reading · 67

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

AlthoughconjunctionUS /ˌɔːlˈðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

ANDconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

AUTHOR'SnounUS /ˈɔːθərz/

possessive form of “author” — writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.

bachelor-of-arts

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

benumbedadjective

lacking sensation

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

brainnounUS /breɪn/

that part of the central nervous system that includes all the higher nervous centers; enclosed within the skull; continuous with the spinal cord

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

changeverbUS /tʃeɪndʒ/

cause to change; make different; cause a transformation

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

clearnessnounUS /ˈklɪrnəs/

free from obscurity and easy to understand; the comprehensibility of clear expression

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

coursenounUS /kɔːrs/

education imparted in a series of lessons or meetings

From this reading Meanwhile I ruminated on my singular course.

disturbedadjectiveUS /dɪˈstɜːrbd/

having the place or position changed

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

ENDnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.

entirelyadverbUS /ɪnˈtaɪərli/

to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent (“whole” is often used informally for “wholly”)

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

exaltationnoun

a state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

famenounUS /feɪm/

the state or quality of being widely honored and acclaimed

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

FATHER-LAND

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.

FIFTHnounUS /fɪfθ/

a quantity of liquor equal to one fifth of a United States gallon

From this reading THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

foundernounUS /ˈfaʊndər/

inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

helplessadjectiveUS /ˈhelpləs/

lacking in or deprived of strength or power

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

HISdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.

hungryadjectiveUS /ˈhʌŋɡri/

feeling hunger; feeling a need or desire to eat food

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

lateadjectiveUS /leɪt/

being or occurring at an advanced period of time or after a usual or expected time

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

limbsnounUS /lɪmz/

plural of “limb” — one of the jointed appendages of an animal used for locomotion or grasping: arm; leg; wing; flipper

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

MeanwhileadverbUS /ˈmiːnwaɪl/

at the same time but in another place

From this reading Meanwhile I ruminated on my singular course.

metamorphosed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

mindnounUS /maɪnd/

The element of a person that enables awareness and thought.

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

MONARCHYnounUS /ˈmɑːnɑːrki/

an autocracy governed by a monarch who usually inherits the authority

From this reading THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Meanwhile I ruminated on my singular course.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

particularlyadverbUS /ˌpɑːrˈtɪkjələrli/

to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

perfectlyadverbUS /ˈpɜːrfəktli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

RETURNverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.

rosenounUS /roʊz/

any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

ruminatedverbUS /ˈruːmɪneɪtɪd/

past form of “ruminate” — chew the cuds

From this reading Meanwhile I ruminated on my singular course.

sensibleadjectiveUS /ˈsensəbəl/

showing reason or sound judgment

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

singularadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələr/

unusual or striking

From this reading Meanwhile I ruminated on my singular course.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

splendidadjectiveUS /ˈsplendɪd/

having great beauty and splendor

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

strongestadjectiveUS /ˈstrɔːŋɡəst/

superlative of “strong” — having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

terribleadjectiveUS /ˈterəbəl/

causing fear or dread or terror

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

TOparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE AUTHOR'S RETURN TO HIS FATHER-LAND, AND THE END OF THE FIFTH MONARCHY.

unprecedentedadjectiveUS /ənˈpresɪdentɪd/

having no precedent; novel

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Here was I, the late founder of the splendid fifth monarchy, metamorphosed to a poor and hungry bachelor-of-arts; a change so terrible and unprecedented, that it might well have disturbed the strongest brain.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Although perfectly sensible, my limbs were entirely benumbed; and I lay helpless for a long time.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading The events of the past years rose one after another with clearness in my mind; particularly those of my exaltation and fame.

Chapter 17 of Niels Klim's journey under the ground by Ludvig Holberg holds 80 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of Niels Klim's journey under the ground contain?

Chapter 17 holds 80 sentences of Niels Klim's journey under the ground, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of Niels Klim's journey under the ground by Ludvig Holberg exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 80 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of Niels Klim's journey under the ground?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Niels Klim's journey under the ground

Common questions about reading Niels Klim's journey under the ground by Ludvig Holberg on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Niels Klim's journey under the ground?

Yes. All 1586 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #27884 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Niels Klim's journey under the ground is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #27884, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Niels Klim's journey under the ground take to read?

About 132 minutes of reading across 318 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Niels Klim's journey under the ground section by section

How to work through Niels Klim's journey under the ground section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  2. Read one section

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Niels Klim's journey under the ground

Words and structures a reader meets early in Niels Klim's journey under the ground, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Complete
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Niels Klim's journey under the ground; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Please
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Niels Klim's journey under the ground; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Bottom
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Niels Klim's journey under the ground; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Document
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Niels Klim's journey under the ground; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.