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Nine Short Essays
Nine Short Essays

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Nine Short Essays is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Dress is a dangerous topic to meddle with.
I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."
But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.
If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.
It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Nine Short Essays

Chapter V · Chapter 5

Chapter 5 of Nine Short Essays is here in full — 128 sentences across 26 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/25 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Dress is a dangerous topic to meddle with.
/dres ɪz ə ˈdeɪndʒərəs ˈtɑːpɪk tuː ˈmedəl wɪð/
Line 2
I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."
Line 3
But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.
Line 4
If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.
Line 5
It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.
/ɪt ɪz nɑːt ðæt ˈwɪmən mʌst biː ɔːl θɪŋz tuː ɔːl men bʌt ðæt ðer sɪmˈplɪsəti mʌst kənˈfɔːrm tuː taɪm ənd ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bevy noun US /ˈbevi/

a large gathering of people of a particular type

From this reading “If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.”

Cataract noun US /ˈkætərækt/

an eye disease that involves the clouding or opacification of the natural lens of the eye

From this reading “But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.”

cleanse verb US /klenz/

clean one's body or parts thereof, as by washing

From this reading “If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.”

colleges noun US /ˈkɑːlɪdʒɪz/

plural of “college” — the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading “If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.”

conform verb US /kənˈfɔːrm/

be similar, be in line with

From this reading “It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.”

disregarded adjective US /ˌdɪsrɪˈɡɑːrdɪd/

not noticed inadvertently

From this reading “But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.”

royally adverb US /ˈrɔɪəli/

in a royal manner

From this reading “I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."”

vestment noun US /ˈvestment/

gown (especially ceremonial garments) worn by the clergy

From this reading “But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.”

All words in this reading · 107

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Dress is a dangerous topic to meddle with.

adventnounUS /ˈædvent/

arrival that has been awaited (especially of something momentous)

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

approachverbUS /əˈproʊtʃ/

move towards

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

appropriateverbUS /əˈproʊpriət/

give or assign a resource to a particular person or cause

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

astonishedadjectiveUS /əˈstɑːnɪʃt/

filled with the emotional impact of overwhelming surprise or shock

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

attirenounUS /əˈtaɪər/

clothing of a distinctive style or for a particular occasion

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

bevynounUS /ˈbevi/

a large gathering of people of a particular type

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

brokernounUS /ˈbroʊkər/

a businessman who buys or sells for another in exchange for a commission

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

CataractnounUS /ˈkætərækt/

an eye disease that involves the clouding or opacification of the natural lens of the eye

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

circumstancenounUS /ˈsɜːrkəmstæns/

a condition that accompanies or influences some event or activity

From this reading It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.

citynounUS /ˈsɪti/

a large and densely populated urban area; may include several independent administrative districts

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

cladadjectiveUS /klæd/

wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

cleanseverbUS /klenz/

clean one's body or parts thereof, as by washing

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

climatenounUS /ˈklaɪmət/

the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

collegesnounUS /ˈkɑːlɪdʒɪz/

plural of “college” — the body of faculty and students of a college

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

conformverbUS /kənˈfɔːrm/

be similar, be in line with

From this reading It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.

dangerousadjectiveUS /ˈdeɪndʒərəs/

involving or causing danger or risk; liable to hurt or harm

From this reading Dress is a dangerous topic to meddle with.

disregardedadjectiveUS /ˌdɪsrɪˈɡɑːrdɪd/

not noticed inadvertently

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

DressverbUS /dres/

put on clothes

From this reading Dress is a dangerous topic to meddle with.

fancynounUS /ˈfænsi/

something many people believe that is false

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

fittingadjectiveUS /ˈfɪtɪŋ/

in harmony with the spirit of particular persons or occasion

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

girlnounUS /ɡɜːrl/

a young female

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

girlsnounUS /ɡɜːrlz/

plural of “girl” — a young female

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

GreeknounUS /ɡriːk/

the Hellenic branch of the Indo-European family of languages

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

habitedadjective

dressed in a habit

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

hatnounUS /hæt/

headdress that protects the head from bad weather; has shaped crown and usually a brim

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

HudsonnounUS /ˈhʌdsən/

a New York river; flows southward into New York Bay; explored by Henry Hudson early in the 17th century

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

IfconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

illustrationnounUS /ˌɪləˈstreɪʃən/

artwork that helps make something clear or attractive

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Dress is a dangerous topic to meddle with.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.

landingnounUS /ˈlændɪŋ/

an intermediate platform in a staircase

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

letauxiliary verbUS /let/

used to make a suggestion or a command including the speaker

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

maidensnounUS /ˈmeɪdənz/

plural of “maiden” — an unmarried girl (especially a virgin)

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

meddleverbUS /ˈmedəl/

intrude in other people's affairs or business; interfere unwantedly

From this reading Dress is a dangerous topic to meddle with.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

myselfpronounUS /ˌmaɪˈself/

used when the speaker is also the object of the action

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

Nausicaa

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

NilenounUS /naɪl/

the world's longest river (4150 miles); flows northward through eastern Africa into the Mediterranean; the Nile River valley in Egypt was the site of the world's first great civilization

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.

notenounUS /noʊt/

a brief written record

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

Phaeacian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

richadjectiveUS /rɪtʃ/

possessing material wealth

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

robesnounUS /roʊbz/

plural of “robe” — any loose flowing garment

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

royallyadverbUS /ˈrɔɪəli/

in a royal manner

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

sawverbUS /sɔː/

cut with a saw

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

scatteredadjectiveUS /ˈskætərd/

occurring or distributed over widely spaced and irregular intervals in time or space

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

Scheria

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

SecondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

simplicitynounUS /sɪmˈplɪsəti/

the quality of being simple or uncompounded

From this reading It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

steamboatnounUS /ˈstiːmboʊt/

a boat propelled by a steam engine

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

strangernounUS /ˈstreɪndʒər/

anyone who does not belong in the environment in which they are found

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

surprisedadjectiveUS /sərˈpraɪzd/

taken unawares or suddenly and feeling wonder or astonishment

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

talladjectiveUS /tɔːl/

great in vertical dimension; high in stature

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.

thingsnounUS /θɪŋz/

any movable possession (especially articles of clothing)

From this reading It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Dress is a dangerous topic to meddle with.

topcoatnoun

a heavy coat worn over clothes in winter

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

topicnounUS /ˈtɑːpɪk/

the subject matter of a conversation or discussion

From this reading Dress is a dangerous topic to meddle with.

trousersnounUS /ˈtraʊzərz/

(usually in the plural) a garment extending from the waist to the knee or ankle, covering each leg separately

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

UlyssesnounUS /juːˈlɪsiz/

(Roman mythology) Roman spelling for Odysseus

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

Vassar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

vestmentnounUS /ˈvestment/

gown (especially ceremonial garments) worn by the clergy

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

wanderingadjectiveUS /ˈwɑːndərɪŋ/

migratory

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading I myself like the attire of the maidens of Scheria, though Nausicaa, we must note, was "clad royally."

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

wideadjectiveUS /waɪd/

having great (or a certain) extent from one side to the other

From this reading If the maidens of one of our colleges for girls, say Vassar for illustration, habited like the Phaeacian girls of Scheria, went down to the Hudson to cleanse the rich robes of the house, and were surprised by the advent of a stranger from the city, landing from a steamboat--a wandering broker, let us say, clad in wide trousers, long topcoat, and a tall hat--I fancy that he would be more astonished than Ulysses was at the bevy of girls that scattered at his approach.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Dress is a dangerous topic to meddle with.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading It is not that women must be all things to all men, but that their simplicity must conform to time and circumstance.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading But climate cannot be disregarded, and the vestment that was so fitting on a Greek girl whom I saw at the Second Cataract of the Nile would scarcely be appropriate in New York.

Chapter 5 of Nine Short Essays by Charles Dudley Warner holds 128 sentences, grouped into 26 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Nine Short Essays contain?

Chapter 5 holds 128 sentences of Nine Short Essays, unabridged, divided into 26 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Nine Short Essays by Charles Dudley Warner exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 128 sentences, grouped into 26 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Nine Short Essays?

Work through the 26 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 26 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Nine Short Essays

Common questions about reading Nine Short Essays by Charles Dudley Warner on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Nine Short Essays?

Yes. All 772 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #3108 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Nine Short Essays is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #3108, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Nine Short Essays take to read?

About 64 minutes of reading across 155 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Nine Short Essays section by section

How to work through Nine Short Essays section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Nine Short Essays to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Nine Short Essays

Words and structures a reader meets early in Nine Short Essays, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Second
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nine Short Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Empire
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nine Short Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Exact
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nine Short Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Night
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nine Short Essays; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.