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Nonsense Novels
Nonsense Novels

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Nonsense Novels is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Nonsense Novels
Context Illustration Reading 50/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Of her father Gertrude knew even less.
That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.
His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.
From her earliest infancy Gertrude had been brought up by her aunt.
Her aunt had carefully instructed her in Christian principles.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Nonsense Novels

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Nonsense Novels is here in full — 403 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 50/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 246–250

Line 1
Of her father Gertrude knew even less.
Line 2
That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.
Line 3
His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.
Line 4
From her earliest infancy Gertrude had been brought up by her aunt.
Line 5
Her aunt had carefully instructed her in Christian principles.
/hɜːr ænt hæd ˈkerfəli ˌɪnˈstrʌktəd hɜːr ɪn ˈkrɪstʃən ˈprɪnsəpəlz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

earliest adjective US /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading “From her earliest infancy Gertrude had been brought up by her aunt.”

engineering noun US /ˈendʒəˈnɪrɪŋ/

the practical application of technical and scientific knowledge to commerce or industry

From this reading “His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.”

grammar noun US /ˈɡræmər/

the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)

From this reading “His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.”

infancy noun US /ˈɪnfənsi/

the early stage of growth or development

From this reading “From her earliest infancy Gertrude had been brought up by her aunt.”

instructed verb US /ˌɪnˈstrʌktəd/

past form of “instruct” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading “Her aunt had carefully instructed her in Christian principles.”

legacy noun US /ˈleɡəsi/

(law) a gift of personal property by will

From this reading “His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.”

mining noun US /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/

the act of extracting ores or coal etc from the earth

From this reading “His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.”

wanderer noun US /ˈwɑːndərər/

someone who leads a wandering unsettled life

From this reading “That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.”

All words in this reading · 51

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

auntnounUS /ænt/

the sister of your father or mother; the wife of your uncle

From this reading From her earliest infancy Gertrude had been brought up by her aunt.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading From her earliest infancy Gertrude had been brought up by her aunt.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading From her earliest infancy Gertrude had been brought up by her aunt.

carefullyadverbUS /ˈkerfəli/

taking care or paying attention

From this reading Her aunt had carefully instructed her in Christian principles.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading Her aunt had carefully instructed her in Christian principles.

earliestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading From her earliest infancy Gertrude had been brought up by her aunt.

engineeringnounUS /ˈendʒəˈnɪrɪŋ/

the practical application of technical and scientific knowledge to commerce or industry

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Of her father Gertrude knew even less.

fathernounUS /ˈfɑːðər/

a male parent (also used as a term of address to your father)

From this reading Of her father Gertrude knew even less.

FromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading From her earliest infancy Gertrude had been brought up by her aunt.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

Gertrude

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Of her father Gertrude knew even less.

grammarnounUS /ˈɡræmər/

the branch of linguistics that deals with syntax and morphology (and sometimes also deals with semantics)

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Of her father Gertrude knew even less.

high-born

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

infancynounUS /ˈɪnfənsi/

the early stage of growth or development

From this reading From her earliest infancy Gertrude had been brought up by her aunt.

instructedverbUS /ˌɪnˈstrʌktəd/

past form of “instruct” — impart skills or knowledge to

From this reading Her aunt had carefully instructed her in Christian principles.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Of her father Gertrude knew even less.

landsnounUS /lændz/

plural of “land” — the land on which real estate is located

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

legacynounUS /ˈleɡəsi/

(law) a gift of personal property by will

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading Of her father Gertrude knew even less.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

miningnounUS /ˈmaɪnɪŋ/

the act of extracting ores or coal etc from the earth

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

OfprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Of her father Gertrude knew even less.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

phrase-book

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

principlesnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəlz/

plural of “principle” — a basic generalization that is accepted as true and that can be used as a basis for reasoning or conduct

From this reading Her aunt had carefully instructed her in Christian principles.

Roumanianadjective

of or relating to or characteristic of the country of Romania or its people or languages

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

RussiannounUS /ˈrʌʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

theodolitenoun

a surveying instrument for measuring horizontal and vertical angles, consisting of a small telescope mounted on a tripod

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading From her earliest infancy Gertrude had been brought up by her aunt.

wanderernounUS /ˈwɑːndərər/

someone who leads a wandering unsettled life

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading That he was a high-born English gentleman who had lived as a wanderer in many lands, this was all she knew.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading His only legacy to Gertrude had been a Russian grammar, a Roumanian phrase-book, a theodolite, and a work on mining engineering.

Chapter 2 of Nonsense Novels by Stephen Leacock holds 403 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Nonsense Novels contain?

Chapter 2 holds 403 sentences of Nonsense Novels, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Nonsense Novels by Stephen Leacock exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 403 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Nonsense Novels?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Nonsense Novels

Common questions about reading Nonsense Novels by Stephen Leacock on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Nonsense Novels?

Yes. All 2415 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4682 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Nonsense Novels is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4682, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Nonsense Novels take to read?

About 201 minutes of reading across 483 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Nonsense Novels section by section

How to work through Nonsense Novels section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Nonsense Novels to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Nonsense Novels

Words and structures a reader meets early in Nonsense Novels, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Hannah
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nonsense Novels; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Understood
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nonsense Novels; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hopeless
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nonsense Novels; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hanged
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Nonsense Novels; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.