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Norma Kent of the WACS
Norma Kent of the WACS

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Norma Kent of the WACS is here in full — 143 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Norma Kent of the WACS
Context Illustration Reading 1/28 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.
At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.
In the end she had swallowed her pride and made the request.
“Oh, sure!”
Lena had agreed.
0:00 / 0:00
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Norma Kent of the WACS

Chapter X

Chapter 10 of Norma Kent of the WACS is here in full — 143 sentences across 29 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/28 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.
Line 2
At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.
/æt fɜːrst ʃiː ˈhezɪteɪtɪd tuː æsk ˈliːnə tuː pleɪ ðə pɑːrt fɔːr tuː seɪ ðə liːst ðer riˈleɪʃənz hæd bɪn nʌn tuː ˈkɔːrdʒəl/
Line 3
In the end she had swallowed her pride and made the request.
/ɪn ðə end ʃiː hæd ˈswɑːloʊd hɜːr praɪd ənd meɪd ðə rɪˈkwest/
Line 4
“Oh, sure!”
/oʊ ʃʊr/
Line 5
Lena had agreed.
/ˈliːnə hæd əˈɡriːd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

depicting noun US /dɪˈpɪktɪŋ/

a representation by picture or portraiture

From this reading “I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.”

drummers noun US /ˈdrʌmərz/

plural of “drummer” — someone who plays a drum

From this reading “I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.”

fife noun US /faɪf/

a small high-pitched flute similar to a piccolo; has a shrill tone and is used chiefly to accompany drums in a marching band

From this reading “I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.”

Lena noun US /ˈliːnə/

a Russian river in Siberia; flows northward into the Laptev Sea

From this reading “I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.”

Norma noun US /ˈnɔːrmə/

a small constellation in the southern hemisphere near Lupus and Ara in the Milky Way

From this reading “I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.”

Oddly adverb US /ˈɑːdli/

in a manner differing from the usual or expected

From this reading “I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.”

Rosa noun US /ˈroʊzə/

large genus of erect or climbing prickly shrubs including roses

From this reading “I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.”

selecting verb US /səˈlektɪŋ/

-ing form of “select” — pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading “I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

conceived the idea verb + article + noun counted as “conceive … idea”

In this reading “I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.”

play the part verb + article + noun counted as “play … part”

In this reading “At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.”

All words in this reading · 59

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

AFRAIDadjectiveUS /əˈfreɪd/

filled with fear or apprehension

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

agreedadjectiveUS /əˈɡriːd/

united by being of the same opinion

From this reading Lena had agreed.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

askverbUS /æsk/

make a request or demand for something to somebody

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

conceivedverbUS /kənˈsiːvd/

past form of “conceive” — have the idea for

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

cordialadjectiveUS /ˈkɔːrdʒəl/

diffusing warmth and friendliness

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

depictingnounUS /dɪˈpɪktɪŋ/

a representation by picture or portraiture

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

discoveredadjectiveUS /dɪˈskʌvərd/

discovered or determined by scientific observation

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

drummersnounUS /ˈdrʌmərz/

plural of “drummer” — someone who plays a drum

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading In the end she had swallowed her pride and made the request.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

fifenounUS /faɪf/

a small high-pitched flute similar to a piccolo; has a shrill tone and is used chiefly to accompany drums in a marching band

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

goneadjectiveUS /ɡɔːn/

destroyed or killed

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

hesitatedverbUS /ˈhezɪteɪtɪd/

past form of “hesitate” — pause or hold back in uncertainty or unwillingness

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

I'M

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

ideanounUS /aɪˈdiːə/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

LenanounUS /ˈliːnə/

a Russian river in Siberia; flows northward into the Laptev Sea

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading In the end she had swallowed her pride and made the request.

nonepronounUS /nʌn/

not one, and not any

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

NormanounUS /ˈnɔːrmə/

a small constellation in the southern hemisphere near Lupus and Ara in the Milky Way

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

OddlyadverbUS /ˈɑːdli/

in a manner differing from the usual or expected

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

OhnounUS /oʊ/

a midwestern state in north central United States in the Great Lakes region

From this reading “Oh, sure!”

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

playernounUS /ˈpleɪər/

a person who participates in or is skilled at some game

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

pridenounUS /praɪd/

a feeling of self-respect and personal worth

From this reading In the end she had swallowed her pride and made the request.

relationsnounUS /riˈleɪʃənz/

mutual dealings or connections or communications among persons or groups

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

requestverbUS /rɪˈkwest/

express the need or desire for

From this reading In the end she had swallowed her pride and made the request.

RosanounUS /ˈroʊzə/

large genus of erect or climbing prickly shrubs including roses

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

selectingverbUS /səˈlektɪŋ/

-ing form of “select” — pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

Seventy-sixadjective

being six more than seventy

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

SpiritnounUS /ˈspɪrət/

the vital principle or animating force within living things

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

sureadjectiveUS /ʃʊr/

having or feeling no doubt or uncertainty; confident and assured

From this reading “Oh, sure!”

swallowedverbUS /ˈswɑːloʊd/

past form of “swallow” — pass through the esophagus as part of eating or drinking

From this reading In the end she had swallowed her pride and made the request.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading At first she hesitated to ask Lena to play the part for, to say the least, their relations had been none too cordial.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading I’M AFRAID Oddly enough, when Norma had conceived the idea of depicting _The Spirit of Seventy-six_, and had gone about the task of selecting her fife player and drummers, she had discovered that in all the company there were but two drummers, Rosa and Lena.

Chapter 10 of Norma Kent of the WACS by Roy J. (Roy Judson) Snell holds 143 sentences, grouped into 29 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 10 of Norma Kent of the WACS contain?

Chapter 10 holds 143 sentences of Norma Kent of the WACS, unabridged, divided into 29 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 10 of Norma Kent of the WACS by Roy J. (Roy Judson) Snell exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 143 sentences, grouped into 29 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 10 of Norma Kent of the WACS?

Work through the 29 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 29 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 10 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 10 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Norma Kent of the WACS

Common questions about reading Norma Kent of the WACS by Roy J. (Roy Judson) Snell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Norma Kent of the WACS?

Yes. All 5092 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #48599 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Norma Kent of the WACS is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #48599, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Norma Kent of the WACS take to read?

About 424 minutes of reading across 1019 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Norma Kent of the WACS section by section

How to work through Norma Kent of the WACS section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Norma Kent of the WACS to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Norma Kent of the WACS

Words and structures a reader meets early in Norma Kent of the WACS, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Norma
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Norma Kent of the WACS; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Stirred
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Norma Kent of the WACS; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Uneasily
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Norma Kent of the WACS; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Creaked
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Norma Kent of the WACS; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.