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North and South
North and South

Chapter XXXIX · Chapter 39

Chapter 39 of North and South is here in full — 327 sentences across 66 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/65 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CHANGES AT MILTON.
Here we go up, up, up; And here we go down, down, downee!”
NURSERY SONG.
Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.
Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking afterWhat?
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

North and South

Chapter XXXIX · Chapter 39

Chapter 39 of North and South is here in full — 327 sentences across 66 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/65 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CHANGES AT MILTON.
/ˈtʃeɪndʒəz æt ˈmɪltən/
Line 2
Here we go up, up, up; And here we go down, down, downee!”
Line 3
NURSERY SONG.
/ˈnɜːrsəri sɔːŋ/
Line 4
Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.
Line 5
Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking afterWhat?

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ceaseless adjective US /ˈsiːslɪs/

uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing

From this reading “Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.”

chimneys noun US /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading “Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.”

milton noun US /ˈmɪltən/

English poet; remembered primarily as the author of an epic poem describing humanity's fall from grace (1608-1674)

From this reading “CHANGES AT MILTON.”

perpetually adverb US /pərˈpetʃuːəli/

everlastingly; for all time

From this reading “Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.”

persistence noun US /pərˈsɪstəns/

the property of a continuous and connected period of time

From this reading “Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?”

purposeless adjective US /ˈpɜːrpəsləs/

not evidencing any purpose or goal

From this reading “Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?”

Senseless adjective US /ˈsensləs/

not marked by the use of reason

From this reading “Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?”

tireless adjective US /ˈtaɪərləs/

showing sustained enthusiastic action with unflagging vitality

From this reading “Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?”

All words in this reading · 57

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

AndconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading “Here we go up, up, up; And here we go down, down, downee!”

ATprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading CHANGES AT MILTON.

beatverbUS /biːt/

come out better in a competition, race, or conflict

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

busyadjectiveUS /ˈbɪzi/

actively or fully engaged or occupied

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

ceaselessadjectiveUS /ˈsiːslɪs/

uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

CHANGESnounUS /ˈtʃeɪndʒəz/

plural of “change” — an event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another

From this reading CHANGES AT MILTON.

chimneysnounUS /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

crowdsnounUS /kraʊdz/

plural of “crowd” — a large number of things or people considered together

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

dazzlingadjectiveUS /ˈdæzəlɪŋ/

amazingly impressive; suggestive of the flashing of lightning

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading “Here we go up, up, up; And here we go down, down, downee!”

downee

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Here we go up, up, up; And here we go down, down, downee!”

endlessadjectiveUS /ˈendləs/

tiresomely long; seemingly without end

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

endurancenounUS /ˈendərəns/

the power to withstand hardship or stress

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading “Here we go up, up, up; And here we go down, down, downee!”

HereadverbUS /hiːr/

in or at this place; where the speaker or writer is

From this reading “Here we go up, up, up; And here we go down, down, downee!”

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

ironnounUS /ˈaɪərn/

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

labours

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

machinerynounUS /məˈʃiːnəri/

machines or machine systems collectively

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

MeanwhileadverbUS /ˈmiːnwaɪl/

at the same time but in another place

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

mightyadjectiveUS /ˈmaɪti/

having or showing great strength or force or intensity

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

MILTONnounUS /ˈmɪltən/

English poet; remembered primarily as the author of an epic poem describing humanity's fall from grace (1608-1674)

From this reading CHANGES AT MILTON.

monotonousadjectiveUS /məˈnɑːtənəs/

tediously repetitious or lacking in variety

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

NURSERYnounUS /ˈnɜːrsəri/

a child's room for a baby

From this reading NURSERY SONG.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

perpetuallyadverbUS /pərˈpetʃuːəli/

everlastingly; for all time

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

persistencenounUS /pərˈsɪstəns/

the property of a continuous and connected period of time

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

purposenounUS /ˈpɜːrpəs/

an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

purposelessadjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrpəsləs/

not evidencing any purpose or goal

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

restlessadjectiveUS /ˈrestləs/

worried and uneasy

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

rivalled

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

roarverbUS /rɔːr/

make a loud noise, as of wind, water, or vehicles

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

seekingnounUS /ˈsiːkɪŋ/

the act of searching for something

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

sensenounUS /sens/

a general conscious awareness

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

SenselessadjectiveUS /ˈsensləs/

not marked by the use of reason

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

smokedadjectiveUS /smoʊkt/

(used especially of meats and fish) dried and cured by hanging in wood smoke

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

SONGnounUS /sɔːŋ/

a short musical composition with words

From this reading NURSERY SONG.

steamverbUS /stiːm/

travel by means of steam power

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

stroveverbUS /stroʊv/

inflected form of “strive” — attempt by employing effort

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

struggledverbUS /ˈstrʌɡəld/

past form of “struggle” — make a strenuous or labored effort

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

tirelessadjectiveUS /ˈtaɪərləs/

showing sustained enthusiastic action with unflagging vitality

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading “Here we go up, up, up; And here we go down, down, downee!”

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading “Here we go up, up, up; And here we go down, down, downee!”

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

whirrverb

make a soft swishing sound

From this reading Meanwhile at Milton the chimneys smoked, the ceaseless roar and mighty beat and dazzling whirr of machinery struggled and strove perpetually.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

woodnounUS /wʊd/

the hard fibrous lignified substance under the bark of trees

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading Senseless and purposeless were wood and iron and steam in their endless labours; but the persistence of their monotonous work was rivalled in tireless endurance by the strong crowds, who, with sense and with purpose, were busy and restless in seeking after—What?

Chapter 39 of North and South by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell holds 327 sentences, grouped into 66 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the public-domain source, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 39 of North and South contain?

Chapter 39 holds 327 sentences of North and South, unabridged, divided into 66 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 39 of North and South by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell exactly as it stands in the public-domain source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 327 sentences, grouped into 66 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 39 of North and South?

Work through the 66 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 66 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 39 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 39 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading North and South

Common questions about reading North and South by Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of North and South?

Yes. All 10039 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #4276 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of North and South is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #4276, a public-domain edition. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does North and South take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 2008 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read North and South section by section

How to work through North and South section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 40 chapters of North and South to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in North and South

Words and structures a reader meets early in North and South, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Haste
A word that appears in the opening chapter of North and South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wedding
A word that appears in the opening chapter of North and South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wooed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of North and South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Married
A word that appears in the opening chapter of North and South; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.