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Notwithstanding
Notwithstanding

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Notwithstanding is here in full — 77 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Notwithstanding
Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.
From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.
That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.
But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.
Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Notwithstanding

Chapter XX

Chapter 20 of Notwithstanding is here in full — 77 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.
Line 2
From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.
Line 3
That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.
Line 4
But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.
Line 5
Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

chimneys noun US /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading “That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.”

embedded adjective US /emˈbedɪd/

enclosed firmly in a surrounding mass

From this reading “But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.”

extinct adjective US /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/

no longer in existence; lost or especially having died out leaving no living representatives

From this reading “That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.”

hamlet noun US /ˈhæmlət/

a community of people smaller than a village

From this reading “From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.”

meadows noun US /ˈmedoʊz/

plural of “meadow” — a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay

From this reading “From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.”

renowned adjective US /rɪˈnaʊnd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading “But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.”

restore verb US /rɪˈstɔːr/

return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading “Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.”

Riff noun US /rɪf/

a Berber living in northern Morocco

From this reading “But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

church tower noun + noun

the tower of a church

In this reading “From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.”

in the midst preposition + article + noun counted as “in … midst”

the middle or central part or point

In this reading “That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.”

little hamlet adjective + noun

In this reading “From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.”

lie dead verb + adjective

In this reading “"Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.”

old house adjective + noun

In this reading “That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.”

name of verb + particle

In this reading “But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.”

All words in this reading · 81

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

brokenadjectiveUS /ˈbroʊkən/

physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

chimneysnounUS /ˈtʃɪmniz/

plural of “chimney” — a vertical flue that provides a path through which smoke from a fire is carried away through the wall or roof of a building

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

cupnounUS /kʌp/

a small open container usually used for drinking; usually has a handle

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

embeddedadjectiveUS /emˈbedɪd/

enclosed firmly in a surrounding mass

From this reading But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.

extinctadjectiveUS /ɪkˈstɪŋkt/

no longer in existence; lost or especially having died out leaving no living representatives

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

fallingadjectiveUS /ˈfɑːlɪŋ/

decreasing in amount or degree

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

farmverbUS /fɑːrm/

be a farmer; work as a farmer

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

fastadverbUS /fæst/

quickly or rapidly (often used as a combining form)

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

forgottenadjectiveUS /fərˈɡɑːt.n̩/

Not remembered; lapsed from memory.

From this reading But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

getverbUS /ɡet/

come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

GiveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

hamletnounUS /ˈhæmlət/

a community of people smaller than a village

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

historynounUS /ˈhɪstəri/

the aggregate of past events

From this reading But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

housenounUS /haʊs/

a dwelling that serves as living quarters for one or more families

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

IndianounUS /ˈɪndiə/

a republic in the Asian subcontinent in southern Asia; second most populous country in the world; achieved independence from the United Kingdom in 1947

From this reading But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

leaveverbUS /liːv/

go away from a place

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

lieverbUS /laɪ/

be located or situated somewhere; occupy a certain position

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

Lowshire

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.

mepronounUS /miː/

the person speaking, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

meadowsnounUS /ˈmedoʊz/

plural of “meadow” — a field where grass or alfalfa are grown to be made into hay

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

midstnounUS /mɪdst/

the location of something surrounded by other things

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

millverbUS /mɪl/

move about in a confused manner

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

nameverbUS /neɪm/

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

pullverbUS /pʊl/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

ReadernounUS /ˈriːdər/

a person who enjoys reading

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

renownedadjectiveUS /rɪˈnaʊnd/

widely known and esteemed

From this reading But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.

restoreverbUS /rɪˈstɔːr/

return to its original or usable and functioning condition

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

RiffnounUS /rɪf/

a Berber living in northern Morocco

From this reading But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.

Roger

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

ruinsnounUS /ˈruːənz/

plural of “ruin” — an irrecoverable state of devastation and destruction

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

shallmodal verbUS /ʃæl/

used with I and we for the future, or to offer and suggest

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.

Swalenoun

a low area (especially a marshy area between ridges)

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

sweetadjectiveUS /swiːt/

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

TheirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

towernounUS /ˈtaʊər/

a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

twistedadjectiveUS /ˈtwɪstɪd/

having an intended meaning altered or misrepresented

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading Their old house, fast falling into ruins, is now used as a farm, until Roger can get leave to restore it, or pull it down.

wallnounUS /wɔːl/

an architectural partition with a height and length greater than its thickness; used to divide or enclose an area or to support another structure

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

Welysham

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the name of Welysham, embedded in the history of Lowshire and still renowned in India, is forgotten in Riff.

Welyshams

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

wonderfuladjectiveUS /ˈwʌndərfəl/

extraordinarily good or great; used especially as intensifiers

From this reading That old house in the midst, with its wonderful twisted chimneys and broken wall, was once the home of the extinct Welyshams of Swale.

wroughtadjectiveUS /rɔːt/

shaped to fit by or as if by altering the contours of a pliable mass (as by work or effort)

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading From the church tower, Reader, you can see beyond the mill and the long water meadows the little hamlet of Swale.

ZONAS

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Give me the sweet cup wrought of the earth from which I was born, and under which I shall lie dead."--ZONAS.

Chapter 20 of Notwithstanding by Mary Cholmondeley holds 77 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 20 of Notwithstanding contain?

Chapter 20 holds 77 sentences of Notwithstanding, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 20 of Notwithstanding by Mary Cholmondeley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 77 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 20 of Notwithstanding?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 20 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 20 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Notwithstanding

Common questions about reading Notwithstanding by Mary Cholmondeley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Notwithstanding?

Yes. All 5817 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37781 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Notwithstanding is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37781, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Notwithstanding take to read?

About 484 minutes of reading across 1164 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Notwithstanding section by section

How to work through Notwithstanding section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of Notwithstanding to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Notwithstanding

Words and structures a reader meets early in Notwithstanding, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vient
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Notwithstanding; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Travers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Notwithstanding; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Montagne
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Notwithstanding; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rendu
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Notwithstanding; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.