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Notwithstanding
Notwithstanding

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of Notwithstanding is here in full — 79 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Notwithstanding
Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
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"Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.
Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.
To Janey it seemed as if life stood stock-still.
Nevertheless, the slow wheel of the year was turning.
The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Notwithstanding

Chapter XXVIII

Chapter 28 of Notwithstanding is here in full — 79 sentences across 16 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.
Line 2
Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.
Line 3
To Janey it seemed as if life stood stock-still.
Line 4
Nevertheless, the slow wheel of the year was turning.
/ˌnevərðəˈles ðə sloʊ wiːl ʌv ðə jɪr wɑːz ˈtɜːrnɪŋ/
Line 5
The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

fowler noun US /ˈfaʊlər/

English lexicographer who wrote a well-known book on English usage (1858-1933)

From this reading “"Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.”

hurdle noun US /ˈhɜːrdəl/

a light movable barrier that competitors must leap over in certain races

From this reading “The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.”

imperceptibly adverb US /ˌɪmpərˈseptɪbli/

in an imperceptible manner or to an imperceptible degree

From this reading “Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.”

longest adverb US /ˈlɔːŋɡəst/

for the most time

From this reading “"Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.”

ricks noun US /rɪks/

plural of “rick” — a painful muscle spasm especially in the neck or back (“rick” and “wrick” are British)

From this reading “The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.”

Riff noun US /rɪf/

a Berber living in northern Morocco

From this reading “Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.”

stacks noun US /stæks/

a large number or amount

From this reading “The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.”

trodden verb US /ˈtrɑːdən/

inflected form of “tread” — put down or press the foot, place the foot

From this reading “"Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

some people adjective + noun

In this reading “"Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.”

keep off verb + particle

refrain from certain foods or beverages

In this reading “The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.”

wheel of verb + particle

In this reading “Nevertheless, the slow wheel of the year was turning.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.

builtadjectiveUS /bɪlt/

(used of soaps or cleaning agents) having a substance (an abrasive or filler) added to increase effectiveness

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

cattlenounUS /ˈkætəl/

domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

ELLEN

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

EvenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

farmyards

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

fieldsnounUS /fiːldz/

United States comedian and film actor (1880-1946)

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

FOWLERnounUS /ˈfaʊlər/

English lexicographer who wrote a well-known book on English usage (1858-1933)

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

haynounUS /heɪ/

grass mowed and cured for use as fodder

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

hurdlenounUS /ˈhɜːrdəl/

a light movable barrier that competitors must leap over in certain races

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading To Janey it seemed as if life stood stock-still.

imperceptiblyadverbUS /ˌɪmpərˈseptɪbli/

in an imperceptible manner or to an imperceptible degree

From this reading Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.

Janey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To Janey it seemed as if life stood stock-still.

keepverbUS /kiːp/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

lanenounUS /leɪn/

a narrow way or road

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

lessadverbUS /les/

used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading To Janey it seemed as if life stood stock-still.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

lonelyadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

longestadverbUS /ˈlɔːŋɡəst/

for the most time

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

movesnounUS /muːvz/

plural of “move” — the act of deciding to do something

From this reading Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.

NeverthelessadverbUS /ˌnevərðəˈles/

in spite of what has just been said

From this reading Nevertheless, the slow wheel of the year was turning.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Nevertheless, the slow wheel of the year was turning.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

pathnounUS /pæθ/

a course of conduct

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

permanentadjectiveUS /ˈpɜːrmənənt/

continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

reedsnounUS /riːdz/

plural of “reed” — tall woody perennial grasses with hollow slender stems especially of the genera Arundo and Phragmites

From this reading Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.

ricksnounUS /rɪks/

plural of “rick” — a painful muscle spasm especially in the neck or back (“rick” and “wrick” are British)

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

Rieben

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.

RiffnounUS /rɪf/

a Berber living in northern Morocco

From this reading Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading To Janey it seemed as if life stood stock-still.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

slowadjectiveUS /sloʊ/

not moving quickly; taking a comparatively long time

From this reading Nevertheless, the slow wheel of the year was turning.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

stacksnounUS /stæks/

a large number or amount

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

standingadjectiveUS /ˈstændɪŋ/

having a supporting base

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

stock-stilladjective

absolutely still

From this reading To Janey it seemed as if life stood stock-still.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading To Janey it seemed as if life stood stock-still.

straightadjectiveUS /streɪt/

successive (without a break)

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

THORNEYCROFT

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

TimenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading Time moves imperceptibly at Riff, as imperceptibly as the Rieben among its reeds.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To Janey it seemed as if life stood stock-still.

troddenverbUS /ˈtrɑːdən/

inflected form of “tread” — put down or press the foot, place the foot

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

turningnounUS /ˈtɜːrnɪŋ/

the act of changing or reversing the direction of the course

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Nevertheless, the slow wheel of the year was turning.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading "Even the longest lane has a turning, though the path trodden by some people is so long and so straight that it seems less like a lane than 'a permanent way.'"--ELLEN THORNEYCROFT FOWLER.

wheelverbUS /wiːl/

change directions as if revolving on a pivot

From this reading Nevertheless, the slow wheel of the year was turning.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The hay was long since in, standing in high ricks in the farmyards, or built up into stacks in lonely fields with a hurdle round them to keep off the cattle.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Nevertheless, the slow wheel of the year was turning.

Chapter 28 of Notwithstanding by Mary Cholmondeley holds 79 sentences, grouped into 16 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 28 of Notwithstanding contain?

Chapter 28 holds 79 sentences of Notwithstanding, unabridged, divided into 16 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 28 of Notwithstanding by Mary Cholmondeley exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 79 sentences, grouped into 16 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 28 of Notwithstanding?

Work through the 16 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 16 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 28 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 28 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Notwithstanding

Common questions about reading Notwithstanding by Mary Cholmondeley on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Notwithstanding?

Yes. All 5817 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #37781 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Notwithstanding is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #37781, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Notwithstanding take to read?

About 484 minutes of reading across 1164 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Notwithstanding section by section

How to work through Notwithstanding section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 39 chapters of Notwithstanding to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Notwithstanding

Words and structures a reader meets early in Notwithstanding, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Vient
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Notwithstanding; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Travers
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Notwithstanding; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Montagne
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Notwithstanding; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rendu
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Notwithstanding; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.