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Octavia, the Octoroon
Octavia, the Octoroon

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Octavia, the Octoroon is here in full — 27 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/5 · 5 lines
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ALMOST A WATERY GRAVE.
Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.
It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.
When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.
Elsie was fond of fishing, and carried Octavia and a little negro nurse to watch the child.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Octavia, the Octoroon

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Octavia, the Octoroon is here in full — 27 sentences across 6 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/5 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
ALMOST A WATERY GRAVE.
/ˈɔːlmoʊst ə ˈwɔːtəri ɡreɪv/
Line 2
Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.
/bɪˈfɔːr prəˈsiːdɪŋ ˈfɜːrðər aɪ wʊd seɪ ðæt ðə ˈstændərd ʌv ˈvɝː.tʃuː əˈmʌŋ ðə ˈniːɡroʊz ɪz ˈveri loʊ ənd ðæt ɪf ˈeni ʌv ðer ɡɜːrlz ˈwɑːndər frʌm ðə pæðz ʌv ˈvɝː.tʃuː ðeɪ ɑːr nɑːt kæst ɔːf æz ɪz ðə keɪs wɪð ðə waɪts/
Line 3
It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.
/ɪt mʌst biː ədˈmɪtɪd ˌhaʊˈevər ðæt ðer ɪz æn ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt əˈmʌŋ ðem əˈlɔːŋ ðɪs laɪn/
Line 4
When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.
Line 5
Elsie was fond of fishing, and carried Octavia and a little negro nurse to watch the child.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

improvement noun US /ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt/

a change for the better; progress in development

From this reading “It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.”

negroes noun US /ˈniːɡroʊz/

plural of “negro” — a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

From this reading “Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.”

paths noun US /pæðz/

plural of “path” — a course of conduct

From this reading “Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.”

proceeding noun US /prəˈsiːdɪŋ/

(law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked

From this reading “Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.”

standard adjective US /ˈstændərd/

conforming to or constituting a standard of measurement or value; or of the usual or regularized or accepted kind

From this reading “Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.”

wander verb US /ˈwɑːndər/

move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading “Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.”

watery adjective US /ˈwɔːtəri/

filled with water

From this reading “ALMOST A WATERY GRAVE.”

whites noun US /waɪts/

plural of “white” — a Caucasian

From this reading “Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

WATERY GRAVE adjective + noun

In this reading “ALMOST A WATERY GRAVE.”

cast off verb + particle

get rid of

In this reading “Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.”

Before proceeding preposition + noun

In this reading “Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.”

among the negroes preposition + article + noun counted as “among … negro”

In this reading “Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.”

wander from verb + particle

In this reading “Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.”

drowned in verb + particle counted as “drown in”

In this reading “When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.”

All words in this reading · 71

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading ALMOST A WATERY GRAVE.

admittedverbUS /ədˈmɪtɪd/

inflected form of “admit” — declare to be true or admit the existence or reality or truth of

From this reading It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.

ALMOSTadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading ALMOST A WATERY GRAVE.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.

BeforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.

carriedverbUS /ˈkærid/

inflected form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Elsie was fond of fishing, and carried Octavia and a little negro nurse to watch the child.

casenounUS /keɪs/

an occurrence of something

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

castverbUS /kæst/

put or send forth

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

childnounUS /tʃaɪld/

a young person of either sex

From this reading Elsie was fond of fishing, and carried Octavia and a little negro nurse to watch the child.

drownedverbUS /draʊnd/

past form of “drown” — cover completely or make imperceptible

From this reading When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.

Elsie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Elsie was fond of fishing, and carried Octavia and a little negro nurse to watch the child.

fishingnounUS /ˈfɪʃɪŋ/

the act of someone who fishes as a diversion

From this reading Elsie was fond of fishing, and carried Octavia and a little negro nurse to watch the child.

fondadjectiveUS /fɑːnd/

having or displaying warmth or affection

From this reading Elsie was fond of fishing, and carried Octavia and a little negro nurse to watch the child.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

girlsnounUS /ɡɜːrlz/

plural of “girl” — a young female

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

GRAVEnounUS /ɡreɪv/

death of a person

From this reading ALMOST A WATERY GRAVE.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

improvementnounUS /ˌɪmˈpruːvmənt/

a change for the better; progress in development

From this reading It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.

linenounUS /laɪn/

a formation of people or things one beside another

From this reading It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Elsie was fond of fishing, and carried Octavia and a little negro nurse to watch the child.

lowadjectiveUS /loʊ/

less than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.

negronounUS /ˈniːɡroʊ/

a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

From this reading Elsie was fond of fishing, and carried Octavia and a little negro nurse to watch the child.

negroesnounUS /ˈniːɡroʊz/

plural of “negro” — a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

nurseverbUS /nɜːrs/

try to cure by special care of treatment, of an illness or injury

From this reading Elsie was fond of fishing, and carried Octavia and a little negro nurse to watch the child.

Octavia

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.

pathsnounUS /pæðz/

plural of “path” — a course of conduct

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

proceedingnounUS /prəˈsiːdɪŋ/

(law) the institution of a sequence of steps by which legal judgments are invoked

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

rivernounUS /ˈrɪvər/

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.

sayverbUS /seɪ/

express in words

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.

standardadjectiveUS /ˈstændərd/

conforming to or constituting a standard of measurement or value; or of the usual or regularized or accepted kind

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It must be admitted, however, that there is an improvement among them along this line.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Elsie was fond of fishing, and carried Octavia and a little negro nurse to watch the child.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

wanderverbUS /ˈwɑːndər/

move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.

watchverbUS /wɑːtʃ/

look attentively

From this reading Elsie was fond of fishing, and carried Octavia and a little negro nurse to watch the child.

WATERYadjectiveUS /ˈwɔːtəri/

filled with water

From this reading ALMOST A WATERY GRAVE.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.

whitesnounUS /waɪts/

plural of “white” — a Caucasian

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Before proceeding further I would say that the standard of virtue among the negroes is very low, and that if any of their girls wander from the paths of virtue they are not cast off as is the case with the whites.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading When Octavia was a year old she came very near being drowned in the river.

Chapter 4 of Octavia, the Octoroon by J. F. Lee holds 27 sentences, grouped into 6 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Octavia, the Octoroon contain?

Chapter 4 holds 27 sentences of Octavia, the Octoroon, unabridged, divided into 6 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Octavia, the Octoroon by J. F. Lee exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 27 sentences, grouped into 6 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Octavia, the Octoroon?

Work through the 6 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 6 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Octavia, the Octoroon

Common questions about reading Octavia, the Octoroon by J. F. Lee on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Octavia, the Octoroon?

Yes. All 970 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34262 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Octavia, the Octoroon is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34262, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Octavia, the Octoroon take to read?

About 80 minutes of reading across 194 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Octavia, the Octoroon

Words and structures a reader meets early in Octavia, the Octoroon, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Beginning
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Octavia, the Octoroon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Civil
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Octavia, the Octoroon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Between
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Octavia, the Octoroon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
States
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Octavia, the Octoroon; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.