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Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age
Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age is here in full — 161 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age
Context Illustration Reading 1/32 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.
These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.
Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.
Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.
But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age is here in full — 161 sentences across 33 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/32 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.
Line 2
These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.
Line 3
Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.
/breɪv ənd ˈhænsəm ðeɪ lʊkt æz ðeɪ sæt əˈpɑːn ðer ˈtʃɑːrdʒərz wɪð ðer sɔːrdz ˈhæŋɪŋ æt ðer saɪdz ənd ðə sʌn ˈʃaɪnɪŋ ɑːn ðer ˈbɜːrnɪʃt brɑːnz ˈhelməts ənd koʊts ʌv rɪŋ meɪl/
Line 4
Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.
Line 5
But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.
/bʌt ðer ˈdʒɜːrni wɑːz wʌn ʌv piːs ənd ɪt wɑːz ˈoʊnli ðer ˈmɑːrʃəl ərˈeɪ ðæt meɪd hɪm fɔːr ðə ˈmoʊmənt ˈenviəs/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

burnished adjective US /ˈbɜːrnɪʃt/

made smooth and bright by or as if by rubbing; reflecting a sheen or glow

From this reading “Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.”

chargers noun US /ˈtʃɑːrdʒərz/

plural of “charger” — formerly a strong swift horse ridden into battle

From this reading “Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.”

dominions noun US /dəˈmɪnjənz/

plural of “dominion” — dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading “It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.”

Egbert noun US /ˈeɡbərt/

king of Wessex whose military victories made Wessex the most powerful kingdom in England (died in 839)

From this reading “It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.”

helmets noun US /ˈhelməts/

plural of “helmet” — armor plate that protects the head

From this reading “Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.”

levy verb US /ˈlevi/

impose and collect

From this reading “It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.”

liberated adjective US /ˈlɪbɜːreɪtɪd/

(of a gas e.g.) released from chemical combination

From this reading “These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.”

Sigurd noun US /ˈsɪɡərd/

(Norse mythology) mythical Norse warrior hero who gains an accursed hoard of gold and was killed by Brynhild; Siegfried is the German counterpart

From this reading “It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

admiringverbUS /ædˈmaɪrɪŋ/

-ing form of “admire” — feel admiration for

From this reading Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

arraynounUS /ərˈeɪ/

an orderly arrangement

From this reading But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

befellverbUS /bɪˈfel/

inflected form of “befall” — become of; happen to

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

bondagenounUS /ˈbɑːndɪdʒ/

the state of being under the control of a force or influence or abstract power

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

BraveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

bronzenounUS /brɑːnz/

an alloy of copper and tin and sometimes other elements; also any copper-base alloy containing other elements in place of tin

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

burnishedadjectiveUS /ˈbɜːrnɪʃt/

made smooth and bright by or as if by rubbing; reflecting a sheen or glow

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

chargersnounUS /ˈtʃɑːrdʒərz/

plural of “charger” — formerly a strong swift horse ridden into battle

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

coatsnounUS /koʊts/

plural of “coat” — an outer garment that has sleeves and covers the body from shoulder down; worn outdoors

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.

dominionsnounUS /dəˈmɪnjənz/

plural of “dominion” — dominance or power through legal authority

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

EgbertnounUS /ˈeɡbərt/

king of Wessex whose military victories made Wessex the most powerful kingdom in England (died in 839)

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

EnglandnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlənd/

a division of the United Kingdom

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

enviousadjectiveUS /ˈenviəs/

showing extreme cupidity; painfully desirous of another's advantages

From this reading But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.

Erikson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

favournounUS /ˈfeɪvər/

a feeling of favorable regard

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

handsomeadjectiveUS /ˈhænsəm/

pleasing in appearance especially by reason of conformity to ideals of form and proportion

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

hangingnounUS /ˈhæŋɪŋ/

decoration that is hung (as a tapestry) on a wall or over a window

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.

helmetsnounUS /ˈhelməts/

plural of “helmet” — armor plate that protects the head

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

king'snounUS /kɪŋz/

possessive form of “king” — a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

labournounUS /ˈleɪbər/

a social class comprising those who do manual labor or work for wages

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

levyverbUS /ˈlevi/

impose and collect

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

liberatedadjectiveUS /ˈlɪbɜːreɪtɪd/

(of a gas e.g.) released from chemical combination

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.

mailnounUS /meɪl/

the bags of letters and packages that are transported by the postal service

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

martialadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːrʃəl/

(of persons) befitting a warrior

From this reading But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.

men-at-arms

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

Olaf

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

Olaf's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

partsnounUS /pɑːrts/

the local environment

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

queen'snounUS /kwiːnz/

possessive form of “queen” — the only fertile female in a colony of social insects such as bees and ants and termites; its function is to lay eggs

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

ringverbUS /rɪŋ/

sound loudly and sonorously

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

rodeverbUS /roʊd/

inflected form of “ride” — sit and travel on the back of animal, usually while controlling its motions

From this reading Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

servicenounUS /ˈsɜːrvəs/

work done by one person or group that benefits another

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

shiningadjectiveUS /ˈʃaɪnɪŋ/

marked by exceptional merit

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

sidesnounUS /saɪdz/

plural of “side” — a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

SigurdnounUS /ˈsɪɡərd/

(Norse mythology) mythical Norse warrior hero who gains an accursed hoard of gold and was killed by Brynhild; Siegfried is the German counterpart

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

summersnounUS /ˈsʌmərz/

plural of “summer” — the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

sunnounUS /sʌn/

the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

swordsnounUS /sɔːrdz/

plural of “sword” — a cutting or thrusting weapon that has a long metal blade and a hilt with a hand guard

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

taxesnounUS /ˈtæksəz/

plural of “tax” — charge against a citizen's person or property or activity for the support of government

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

ThesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Brave and handsome they looked as they sat upon their chargers with their swords hanging at their sides and the sun shining on their burnished bronze helmets and coats of ring mail.

Thoralfson

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

Thorgils

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

Valdemar

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading These two had, by Olaf's favour with King Valdemar, been liberated from their bondage and hard labour, and Sigurd had taken them into his service as men-at-arms.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But their journey was one of peace, and it was only their martial array that made him for the moment envious.

watchedverbUS /wɑːtʃt/

past form of “watch” — look attentively

From this reading Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.

wentverbUS /went/

inflected form of “go” — change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

wishedverbUS /wɪʃt/

past form of “wish” — hope for; have a wish

From this reading Olaf watched them with admiring eyes as they rode away through the town, and wished that he might be of their company.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

yearlynounUS /ˈjɪrli/

a reference book that is published regularly once every year

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading It befell at a time when Olaf had been in the queen's service some four summers that Sigurd Erikson went out into the far parts of the king's dominions to levy the yearly taxes upon the people, and among those that went with him on his journey were Thorgils Thoralfson and the young Egbert of England.

Chapter 7 of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age by Robert Leighton holds 161 sentences, grouped into 33 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age contain?

Chapter 7 holds 161 sentences of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age, unabridged, divided into 33 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age by Robert Leighton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 161 sentences, grouped into 33 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age?

Work through the 33 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 33 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Common questions about reading Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age by Robert Leighton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Vocabulary met early in Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age

Words and structures a reader meets early in Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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