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Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age
Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/31 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.
There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.
Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.
He was at this time Earldorman of East Anglia.
He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age is here in full — 158 sentences across 32 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/31 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.
Line 2
There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.
/ðer wɜːr breɪv men ɪn ðæt pɑːrt ʌv ðə ˈkʌntri ˌhaʊˈevər huː æt ðə fɜːrst əˈlɑːrm ʌv ðə ˈlændɪŋ ʌv ðə ˈnɔːrsmɪn meɪd ðemˈselvz ˈredi tuː dɪˈfend ðer hoʊmz ənd ðə hoʊmz ʌv ðer ˈneɪbərz/
Line 3
Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.
Line 4
He was at this time Earldorman of East Anglia.
Line 5
He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Anglia noun US /ˈæŋɡliə/

the Latin name for England

From this reading “Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.”

beneficent adjective US /ˌbenəˈfɪʃənt/

doing or producing good

From this reading “He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.”

homes noun US /hoʊmz/

plural of “home” — where you live at a particular time

From this reading “There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.”

monasteries noun US /ˈmɑːnəsteriz/

plural of “monastery” — the residence of a religious community

From this reading “He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.”

Norsemen noun US /ˈnɔːrsmɪn/

plural of “norseman” — a native or inhabitant of Norway

From this reading “There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.”

sacking noun US /ˈsækɪŋ/

coarse fabric used for bags or sacks

From this reading “Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.”

spreading noun US /ˈspredɪŋ/

process or result of distributing or extending over a wide expanse of space

From this reading “He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.”

valiant adj US /ˈvæl.jənt/

Possessing or showing courage or determination; heroic. (Dũng cảm, quả cảm, anh hùng.)

From this reading “Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.”

All words in this reading · 90

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.

alarmnounUS /əˈlɑːrm/

fear resulting from the awareness of danger

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

AnglianounUS /ˈæŋɡliə/

the Latin name for England

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

appealverbUS /əˈpiːl/

take a court case to a higher court for review

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

authoritynounUS /əˈθɔːrəti/

the power or right to give orders or make decisions

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

beneficentadjectiveUS /ˌbenəˈfɪʃənt/

doing or producing good

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

Brihtnoth

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.

ChiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.

ChristianadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪstʃən/

relating to or characteristic of Christianity

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

countrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

defendverbUS /dɪˈfend/

argue or speak in defense of

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

doneadjectiveUS /dʌn/

having finished or arrived at completion

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

Earldorman

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was at this time Earldorman of East Anglia.

EastnounUS /iːst/

the cardinal compass point that is at 90 degrees

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

Ely

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

Ethelrednoun

king of the English who succeeded to the throne after his half-brother Edward the Martyr was murdered; he struggled unsuccessfully against the invading Danes (969-1016)

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

faithnounUS /feɪθ/

a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

giftsnounUS /ɡɪfts/

plural of “gift” — something acquired without compensation

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was at this time Earldorman of East Anglia.

heartsnounUS /hɑːrts/

a form of whist in which players avoid winning tricks containing hearts or the queen of spades

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

holynounUS /ˈhoʊli/

a sacred place of pilgrimage

From this reading Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.

homesnounUS /hoʊmz/

plural of “home” — where you live at a particular time

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

Ipswich

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

landingnounUS /ˈlændɪŋ/

an intermediate platform in a staircase

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

monasteriesnounUS /ˈmɑːnəsteriz/

plural of “monastery” — the residence of a religious community

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

namedverbUS /neɪmd/

past form of “name” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.

neighboursnounUS /ˈneɪbərz/

plural of “neighbour” — a person who lives (or is located) near another

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

NorsemennounUS /ˈnɔːrsmɪn/

plural of “norseman” — a native or inhabitant of Norway

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

NowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

pooradjectiveUS /puːr/

deserving or inciting pity

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

Ramsey

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

reputationnounUS /ˌrepjəˈteɪʃən/

the state of being held in high esteem and honor

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

sackingnounUS /ˈsækɪŋ/

coarse fabric used for bags or sacks

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

saintnounUS /seɪnt/

a person who has died and has been declared a saint by canonization

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

spreadingnounUS /ˈspredɪŋ/

process or result of distributing or extending over a wide expanse of space

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

stoodverbUS /stʊd/

Maintained an upright posture.

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

terrornounUS /ˈterər/

an overwhelming feeling of fear and anxiety

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading He was at this time Earldorman of East Anglia.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

townnounUS /taʊn/

an urban area with a fixed boundary that is smaller than a city

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

uselessadjectiveUS /ˈjuːsləs/

having no beneficial use or incapable of functioning usefully

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

valiantadjUS /ˈvæl.jənt/

Possessing or showing courage or determination; heroic. (Dũng cảm, quả cảm, anh hùng.)

From this reading Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Chief among these was a certain holy and valiant man named Brihtnoth.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There were brave men in that part of the country, however, who, at the first alarm of the landing of the Norsemen, made themselves ready to defend their homes and the homes of their neighbours.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

wonnounUS /wʌn/

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading He had already done great work in spreading the Christian faith among the poor and ignorant people over whom he stood in authority, and his beneficent gifts to the monasteries of Ely and Ramsey had won for him the reputation almost of a saint.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Now this sacking of the town of Ipswich brought terror into the hearts of the men of East Anglia, who well knew how useless it would be for them to appeal for help to King Ethelred.

Chapter 12 of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age by Robert Leighton holds 158 sentences, grouped into 32 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age contain?

Chapter 12 holds 158 sentences of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age, unabridged, divided into 32 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age by Robert Leighton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 158 sentences, grouped into 32 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age?

Work through the 32 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 32 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age

Common questions about reading Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age by Robert Leighton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age?

Yes. All 0 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #? are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #?, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age take to read?

About 5 minutes of reading across 0 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age section by section

How to work through Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 0 chapters of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age

Words and structures a reader meets early in Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
One of the 0 chapters of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 2
One of the 0 chapters of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.
Chapter 3
One of the 0 chapters of Olaf the Glorious: A Story of the Viking Age, divided into 5-sentence reading sections.