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Old French Romances, Done into English
Old French Romances, Done into English

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Old French Romances, Done into English is here in full — 442 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/88 · 5 lines
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MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.
{1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.
But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.
His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.
It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Old French Romances, Done into English

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Old French Romances, Done into English is here in full — 442 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.
Line 2
{1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.
Line 3
But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.
Line 4
His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.
Line 5
It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cameos noun US /ˈkæmioʊz/

plural of “cameo” — engraving or carving in low relief on a stone (as in a brooch or ring)

From this reading “It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.”

copies noun US /ˈkɑːpiz/

plural of “copy” — a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)

From this reading “It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.”

issues noun US /ˈɪʃuːz/

plural of “issue” — an important question that is in dispute and must be settled

From this reading “His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.”

masterpiece noun US /ˈmæstərpiːs/

the most outstanding work of a creative artist or craftsman

From this reading “It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.”

praises noun US /ˈpreɪzəz/

plural of “praise” — an expression of approval and commendation

From this reading “{1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.”

reproducing verb US /ˌriːprəˈduːsɪŋ/

-ing form of “reproduce” — make a copy or equivalent of

From this reading “But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.”

successive adjective US /səkˈsesɪv/

in regular succession without gaps

From this reading “His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.”

versions noun US /ˈvɜːrʒənz/

plural of “version” — an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint

From this reading “His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.”

All words in this reading · 123

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

AgesnounUS /ˈeɪdʒəz/

plural of “age” — how long something has existed

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

AndrewnounUS /ˈændruː/

(New Testament) disciple of Jesus; brother of Peter; patron saint of Scotland

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

appearedverbUS /əˈpɪrd/

past form of “appear” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

Aucassin

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

Bibliothèque

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

brilliantadjectiveUS /ˈbrɪljənt/

of surpassing excellence

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

cameosnounUS /ˈkæmioʊz/

plural of “cameo” — engraving or carving in low relief on a stone (as in a brooch or ring)

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

Cante-Fable

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

ChargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

charmnounUS /tʃɑːrm/

attractiveness that interests or pleases or stimulates

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

charmingadjectiveUS /ˈtʃɑːrmɪŋ/

pleasing or delighting

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

cladadjectiveUS /klæd/

wearing or provided with clothing; sometimes used in combination

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

colouradjectiveUS /ˈkʌlər/

having or capable of producing colors

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

containverbUS /kənˈteɪn/

include or contain; have as a component

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

containsverbUS /kənˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

copiesnounUS /ˈkɑːpiz/

plural of “copy” — a reproduction of a written record (e.g. of a legal or school record)

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

crimsonadjectiveUS /ˈkrɪmzən/

of a color at the end of the color spectrum (next to orange); resembling the color of blood or cherries or tomatoes or rubies

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

eagerlyadverbUS /ˈiːɡərli/

with eagerness; in an eager manner

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

earthnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

editionnounUS /əˈdɪʃən/

the form in which a text (especially a printed book) is published

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

Elzevirienne

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

equallyadverbUS /ˈiːkwəli/

to the same degree (often followed by “as”)

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

et

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

familiaradjectiveUS /fəˈmɪljər/

well known or easily recognized

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

fatenounUS /feɪt/

an event (or a course of events) that will inevitably happen in the future

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

HundrednounUS /ˈhʌndrəd/

ten 10s

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

issuesnounUS /ˈɪʃuːz/

plural of “issue” — an important question that is in dispute and must be settled

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

ItsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

Kelmscott

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

Lang's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

lettersnounUS /ˈletərz/

the literary culture

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

loversnounUS /ˈlʌvərz/

plural of “lover” — a person who loves someone or is loved by someone

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

luckyadjectiveUS /ˈlʌki/

occurring by chance

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

MANYadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

masterpiecenounUS /ˈmæstərpiːs/

the most outstanding work of a creative artist or craftsman

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

men'snounUS /menz/

a public toilet for men

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

MiddlenounUS /ˈmɪdəl/

an area that is approximately central within some larger region

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

MorrisnounUS /ˈmɔːrəs/

United States suffragist in Wyoming (1814-1902)

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

Nicolete

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

obtainverbUS /əbˈteɪn/

come into possession of

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

offadverbUS /ɔːf/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

pagesnounUS /ˈpeɪdʒəz/

plural of “page” — one side of one leaf (of a book or magazine or newspaper or letter etc.) or the written or pictorial matter it contains

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

Pater's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

pitynounUS /ˈpɪti/

a feeling of sympathy and sorrow for the misfortunes of others

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

praisesnounUS /ˈpreɪzəz/

plural of “praise” — an expression of approval and commendation

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

PressverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

properlyadverbUS /ˈprɑːpərli/

in the right manner; correctly; suitably

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

RealmnounUS /relm/

a domain in which something is dominant

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

reproducingverbUS /ˌriːprəˈduːsɪŋ/

-ing form of “reproduce” — make a copy or equivalent of

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

RomancenounUS /roʊˈmæns/

a relationship between two lovers

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

SixnounUS /sɪks/

the cardinal number that is the sum of five and one

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

snappedverbUS /snæpt/

inflected form of “snap” — utter in an angry, sharp, or abrupt tone

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

successiveadjectiveUS /səkˈsesɪv/

in regular succession without gaps

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

sufferverbUS /ˈsʌfər/

undergo or be subjected to

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

sweptadjectiveUS /swept/

possessing sweep

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

talesnounUS /teɪlz/

plural of “tale” — a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

tonenounUS /toʊn/

the quality of a person's voice

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

translationnounUS /trænzˈleɪʃən/

a written communication in a second language having the same meaning as the written communication in a first language

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

versionnounUS /ˈvɜːrʒən/

an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

versionsnounUS /ˈvɜːrʒənz/

plural of “version” — an interpretation of a matter from a particular viewpoint

From this reading His versions have appeared in three successive issues of the Kelmscott Press, which have been eagerly snapped up by the lovers of good books.

volumenounUS /ˈvɑːljuːm/

the amount of 3-dimensional space occupied by an object

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

WalternounUS /ˈwɔːltər/

German conductor (1876-1962)

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading MANY of us have first found our way into the Realm of Romance, properly so called, through the pages of a little crimson clad volume of the _Bibliothèque Elzevirienne_.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading {1} Its last pages contain the charming Cante-Fable of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which Mr. Walter Pater’s praises and Mr. Andrew Lang’s brilliant version have made familiar to all lovers of letters.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading It seemed a pity that these cameos of romance should suffer the same fate as Mr. Lang’s version of _Aucassin et Nicolete_, which has been swept off the face of the earth by the Charge of the Six Hundred, who were lucky enough to obtain copies of the only edition of that little masterpiece of translation.

William

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

writingnounUS /ˈraɪtɪŋ/

the act of creating written works

From this reading But the same volume contains four other tales, equally charming in their way, which Mr. William Morris has now made part of English literature by writing them out again for us in English, reproducing, as his alone can do of living men’s, the tone, the colour, the charm of the Middle Ages.

Chapter 1 of Old French Romances, Done into English by William Morris holds 442 sentences, grouped into 89 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Old French Romances, Done into English contain?

Chapter 1 holds 442 sentences of Old French Romances, Done into English, unabridged, divided into 89 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Old French Romances, Done into English by William Morris exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 442 sentences, grouped into 89 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Old French Romances, Done into English?

Work through the 89 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 89 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Old French Romances, Done into English

Common questions about reading Old French Romances, Done into English by William Morris on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Old French Romances, Done into English?

Yes. All 1325 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #5988 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Old French Romances, Done into English is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #5988, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Old French Romances, Done into English take to read?

About 110 minutes of reading across 265 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Old French Romances, Done into English section by section

How to work through Old French Romances, Done into English section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 3 chapters of Old French Romances, Done into English to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Old French Romances, Done into English

Words and structures a reader meets early in Old French Romances, Done into English, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Old French Romances, Done into English; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Found
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Old French Romances, Done into English; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Realm
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Old French Romances, Done into English; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Romance
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Old French Romances, Done into English; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.