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Old Indian Days
Old Indian Days

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Old Indian Days is here in full — 450 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Old Indian Days
Context Illustration Reading 1/90 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
“Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.
Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.
Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.
The herd had now thoroughly pervaded the timber, and the bear was likewise hemmed in.
He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Old Indian Days

Chapter III

Chapter 3 of Old Indian Days is here in full — 450 sentences across 90 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/90 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
“Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.
Line 2
Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.
Line 3
Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.
/θruː æn ˈoʊpənɪŋ ɪn ðə ˈbræntʃəz əˈhed hiː pərˈsiːvd ə lɑːrdʒ ˈɡrɪzli ber ˈlaɪɪŋ əˈlɔːŋ æn ˌɪnˈklaɪnd lɪm ənd ˈhʌɡɪŋ ɪt ˈdespərətli tuː meɪnˈteɪn hɪz pəˈzɪʃən/
Line 4
The herd had now thoroughly pervaded the timber, and the bear was likewise hemmed in.
/ðə hɜːrd hæd naʊ ˈθɜːroʊli pərˈveɪdɪd ðə ˈtɪmbər ənd ðə ber wɑːz ˈlaɪkwaɪz hemd ɪn/
Line 5
He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.
/hiː hæd ˈteɪkən tuː hɪz ˌʌnəˈkʌstəmd ˈrefjuːdʒ ˈæftər ˈmeɪkɪŋ ə breɪv stænd əˈɡenst ˈsevrəl bʊlz wʌn ʌv wɪtʃ leɪ ded nɪr baɪ waɪl hiː hɪmˈself wɑːz ˈbliːdɪŋ frʌm ˈmeni wuːndz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bleeding noun US /ˈbliːdɪŋ/

the flow of blood from a ruptured blood vessel

From this reading “He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.”

bulls noun US /bʊlz/

plural of “bull” — uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading “He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.”

craned verb US /kreɪnd/

past form of “crane” — stretch (the neck) so as to see better

From this reading “Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.”

grizzly noun US /ˈɡrɪzli/

powerful brownish-yellow bear of the uplands of western North America

From this reading “Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.”

hemmed verb US /hemd/

inflected form of “hem” — fold over and sew together to provide with a hem

From this reading “The herd had now thoroughly pervaded the timber, and the bear was likewise hemmed in.”

hugging noun US /ˈhʌɡɪŋ/

affectionate play (or foreplay without contact with the genital organs)

From this reading “Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.”

pervaded verb US /pərˈveɪdɪd/

past form of “pervade” — spread or diffuse through

From this reading “The herd had now thoroughly pervaded the timber, and the bear was likewise hemmed in.”

unaccustomed adjective US /ˌʌnəˈkʌstəmd/

unusual or unfamiliar

From this reading “He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

Through an opening preposition + article + noun counted as “through … opening”

In this reading “Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.”

lay dead verb + adjective

In this reading “He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.”

stand against verb + particle

In this reading “He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.”

after making preposition + noun

In this reading “He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.”

in distress preposition + noun

In this reading ““Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.”

All words in this reading · 76

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

aheadadverbUS /əˈhed/

at or in the front

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.

Antoine

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.

apparentlyadverbUS /əˈperəntli/

from appearances alone

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.

bearverbUS /ber/

have

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

bleedingnounUS /ˈbliːdɪŋ/

the flow of blood from a ruptured blood vessel

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

branchesnounUS /ˈbræntʃəz/

plural of “branch” — a division of some larger or more complex organization

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

braveadjectiveUS /breɪv/

possessing or displaying courage; able to face and deal with danger or fear without flinching

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

bullsnounUS /bʊlz/

plural of “bull” — uncastrated adult male of domestic cattle

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.

cranedverbUS /kreɪnd/

past form of “crane” — stretch (the neck) so as to see better

From this reading Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.

cryverbUS /kraɪ/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

deadadjectiveUS /ded/

no longer having or seeming to have or expecting to have life

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

desperatelyadverbUS /ˈdespərətli/

with great urgency

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

distressnounUS /dɪˈstres/

psychological suffering

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

earsnounUS /ɪrz/

plural of “ear” — the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

grizzlynounUS /ˈɡrɪzli/

powerful brownish-yellow bear of the uplands of western North America

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The herd had now thoroughly pervaded the timber, and the bear was likewise hemmed in.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

hemmedverbUS /hemd/

inflected form of “hem” — fold over and sew together to provide with a hem

From this reading The herd had now thoroughly pervaded the timber, and the bear was likewise hemmed in.

herdnounUS /hɜːrd/

a group of cattle or sheep or other domestic mammals all of the same kind that are herded by humans

From this reading The herd had now thoroughly pervaded the timber, and the bear was likewise hemmed in.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

hoarseadjectiveUS /hɔːrs/

deep and harsh sounding as if from shouting or illness or emotion

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

huggingnounUS /ˈhʌɡɪŋ/

affectionate play (or foreplay without contact with the genital organs)

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

inclinedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈklaɪnd/

(often followed by “to”) having a preference, disposition, or tendency

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.

largeadjectiveUS /lɑːrdʒ/

above average in size or number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

likewiseadverbUS /ˈlaɪkwaɪz/

in like or similar manner

From this reading The herd had now thoroughly pervaded the timber, and the bear was likewise hemmed in.

limbnounUS /lɪm/

one of the jointed appendages of an animal used for locomotion or grasping: arm; leg; wing; flipper

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

lyingnounUS /ˈlaɪɪŋ/

the deliberate act of deviating from the truth

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

maintainverbUS /meɪnˈteɪn/

cause to continue in a certain state, position, or activity; e.g., “keep clean”

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

necknounUS /nek/

the part of an organism (human or animal) that connects the head to the rest of the body

From this reading Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading The herd had now thoroughly pervaded the timber, and the bear was likewise hemmed in.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

openingnounUS /ˈoʊpənɪŋ/

an open or empty space in or between things

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

perceivedadjectiveUS /pərˈsiːvd/

detected by instinct or inference rather than by recognized perceptual cues

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

pervadedverbUS /pərˈveɪdɪd/

past form of “pervade” — spread or diffuse through

From this reading The herd had now thoroughly pervaded the timber, and the bear was likewise hemmed in.

positionnounUS /pəˈzɪʃən/

the particular portion of space occupied by something

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

refugenounUS /ˈrefjuːdʒ/

a safe place

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

standverbUS /stænd/

be standing; be upright

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

strainedadjectiveUS /streɪnd/

lacking natural ease

From this reading Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

thoroughlyadverbUS /ˈθɜːroʊli/

in an exhaustive manner

From this reading The herd had now thoroughly pervaded the timber, and the bear was likewise hemmed in.

ThroughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Through an opening in the branches ahead he perceived a large grizzly bear, lying along an inclined limb and hugging it desperately to maintain his position.

timbernounUS /ˈtɪmbər/

the wood of trees cut and prepared for use as building material

From this reading The herd had now thoroughly pervaded the timber, and the bear was likewise hemmed in.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

unaccustomedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnəˈkʌstəmd/

unusual or unfamiliar

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

Wawnoun

the 6th letter of the Hebrew alphabet

From this reading “Waw, waw, waw!” was the hoarse cry that came to his ears, apparently from a human being in distress.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Antoine strained his eyes and craned his neck to see who it could be.

woundsnounUS /wuːndz/

plural of “wound” — an injury to living tissue (especially an injury involving a cut or break in the skin)

From this reading He had taken to his unaccustomed refuge after making a brave stand against several bulls, one of which lay dead near by, while he himself was bleeding from many wounds.

Chapter 3 of Old Indian Days by Charles A. Eastman holds 450 sentences, grouped into 90 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Old Indian Days contain?

Chapter 3 holds 450 sentences of Old Indian Days, unabridged, divided into 90 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Old Indian Days by Charles A. Eastman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 450 sentences, grouped into 90 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Old Indian Days?

Work through the 90 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 90 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 3 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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