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Old Indian Days
Old Indian Days

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Old Indian Days is here in full — 437 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Old Indian Days
Context Illustration Reading 1/87 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.
At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.
At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!
There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.
He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Old Indian Days

Chapter VI

Chapter 6 of Old Indian Days is here in full — 437 sentences across 88 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/87 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.
Line 2
At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.
Line 3
At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!
/æt ðə seɪm ˈɪnstənt hɪz hɔːrs ˈʌtərd ə skriːm ənd fel ˈθroʊɪŋ ɪts ˈraɪdər ˈhedlɔːŋ/
Line 4
There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.
Line 5
He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!
/hiː ərˈoʊz θruː daʊn hɪz ˈkwɪvər ənd ədˈvænst əˈloʊn tuː miːt ðə ˈɔːnkʌmɪŋ rʌʃ ʌv ðə kroʊz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

clapped verb US /klæpt/

inflected form of “clap” — put quickly or forcibly

From this reading “There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.”

Crows noun US /kroʊz/

plural of “crow” — black birds having a raucous call

From this reading “He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!”

defending adjective US /dɪˈfendɪŋ/

attempting to or designed to prevent an opponent from winning or scoring

From this reading “Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.”

defenseless adjective US /dɪˈfensləs/

lacking protection or support

From this reading “At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.”

headlong adverb US /ˈhedlɔːŋ/

with the head foremost

From this reading “At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!”

oncoming adjective US /ˈɔːnkʌmɪŋ/

moving toward one

From this reading “He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!”

Owl noun US /aʊl/

nocturnal bird of prey with hawk-like beak and claws and large head with front-facing eyes

From this reading “Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.”

quiver verb US /ˈkwɪvər/

shake with fast, tremulous movements

From this reading “He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

same instant adjective + noun

In this reading “At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!”

threw down verb + adjective counted as “throw down”

In this reading “He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!”

rush of verb + particle

In this reading “He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

actedverbUS /ˈæktɪd/

past form of “act” — perform an action, or work out or perform (an action)

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

admirationnounUS /ˌædmərˈeɪʃən/

a feeling of delighted approval and liking

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

advancedadjectiveUS /ədˈvænst/

farther along in physical or mental development

From this reading He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

alasexclamationUS /əˈlæs/

used to show sadness, pity, or regret

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

armynounUS /ˈɑːrmi/

a permanent organization of the military land forces of a nation or state

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

aroseverbUS /ərˈoʊz/

inflected form of “arise” — come into existence; take on form or shape

From this reading He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

behindprepositionUS /bɪˈhaɪnd/

at or toward the back of something

From this reading There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.

blowverbUS /bloʊ/

exhale hard

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

bownounUS /baʊ/

a knot with two loops and loose ends; used to tie shoelaces

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

bow-string

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

bravelyadverbUS /ˈbreɪvli/

in a courageous manner

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

chargeverbUS /tʃɑːrdʒ/

to make a rush at or sudden attack upon, as in battle

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

clappedverbUS /klæpt/

inflected form of “clap” — put quickly or forcibly

From this reading There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.

CrowverbUS /kroʊ/

dwell on with satisfaction

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

CrowsnounUS /kroʊz/

plural of “crow” — black birds having a raucous call

From this reading He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!

defendingadjectiveUS /dɪˈfendɪŋ/

attempting to or designed to prevent an opponent from winning or scoring

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

defenselessadjectiveUS /dɪˈfensləs/

lacking protection or support

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

dismounted

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!

enemynounUS /ˈenəmi/

an opposing military force

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

exceptprepositionUS /ɪkˈsept/

apart from; not including

From this reading There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!

flashverbUS /flæʃ/

gleam or glow intermittently

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

foremostadjectiveUS /ˈfɔːrmoʊst/

ranking above all others

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!

headlongadverbUS /ˈhedlɔːŋ/

with the head foremost

From this reading At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!

heelsnounUS /hiːlz/

plural of “heel” — the bottom of a shoe or boot; the back part of a shoe or boot that touches the ground and provides elevation

From this reading There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

horsenounUS /hɔːrs/

solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

instantnounUS /ˈɪnstənt/

a very short time (as the time it takes the eye to blink or the heart to beat)

From this reading At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!

joinedadjectiveUS /dʒɔɪnd/

of or relating to two people who are married to each other

From this reading There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

leavingnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

Matoska

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

oakenadjective

consisting of or made of wood of the oak tree

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

oncomingadjectiveUS /ˈɔːnkʌmɪŋ/

moving toward one

From this reading He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.

OwlnounUS /aʊl/

nocturnal bird of prey with hawk-like beak and claws and large head with front-facing eyes

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

ponynounUS /ˈpoʊniː/

a range horse of the western United States

From this reading There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.

quiververbUS /ˈkwɪvər/

shake with fast, tremulous movements

From this reading He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!

raisedadjectiveUS /reɪzd/

located or moved above the surround or above the normal position

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

rear-guard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

RednounUS /red/

red color or pigment; the chromatic color resembling the hue of blood

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

retreatnounUS /riˈtriːt/

(military) withdrawal of troops to a more favorable position to escape the enemy's superior forces or after a defeat

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

ridernounUS /ˈraɪdər/

a traveler who actively rides an animal (as a horse or camel)

From this reading At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!

rushverbUS /rʌʃ/

move hurridly

From this reading He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!

screamverbUS /skriːm/

utter a sudden loud cry

From this reading At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!

snappedverbUS /snæpt/

inflected form of “snap” — utter in an angry, sharp, or abrupt tone

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

spearnounUS /spɪr/

a long pointed rod used as a tool or weapon

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

strokenounUS /stroʊk/

(sports) the act of swinging or striking at a ball with a club or racket or bat or cue or hand

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

threwverbUS /θruː/

inflected form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading He arose, threw down his quiver, and advanced alone to meet the oncoming rush of the Crows!

throwingverbUS /ˈθroʊɪŋ/

-ing form of “throw” — propel through the air

From this reading At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Red Owl and Matoska had been among the foremost in the charge, and now they acted as a rear-guard, bravely defending the retreat of their little army, to the admiration of the enemy.

utteredadjectiveUS /ˈʌtərd/

communicated in words

From this reading At the same instant his horse uttered a scream and fell, throwing its rider headlong!

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was no one near except Red Owl, who clapped his heels to his pony and joined in the retreat, leaving Matoska behind.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading At last a Crow raised his spear against Matoska, who in a flash dismounted him with a stroke of his oaken bow; but alas! the blow snapped the bow-string and left him defenseless.

Chapter 6 of Old Indian Days by Charles A. Eastman holds 437 sentences, grouped into 88 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 6 of Old Indian Days contain?

Chapter 6 holds 437 sentences of Old Indian Days, unabridged, divided into 88 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 6 of Old Indian Days by Charles A. Eastman exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 437 sentences, grouped into 88 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 6 of Old Indian Days?

Work through the 88 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 88 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 6 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 6 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in Old Indian Days

Words and structures a reader meets early in Old Indian Days, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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