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Old Ruff, the Trapper
Old Ruff, the Trapper

Chapter XIX · The Leap for Life

Chapter XIX of Old Ruff, the Trapper, “The Leap for Life,” is here in full — 44 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/8 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.
He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.
Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.
Not a living soul was to be seen upon these bluffs.
He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Old Ruff, the Trapper

Chapter XIX · The Leap for Life

Chapter XIX of Old Ruff, the Trapper, “The Leap for Life,” is here in full — 44 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/8 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.
/ɔːl ðɪs taɪm ðə aɪ ʌv ˈkæptən koʊl wɑːz ˈskænɪŋ ðə koʊst bɪˈfɔːr ðem ənd hiː wɑːz ˈkuːli ˈweɪɪŋ ðə ˈtʃænsəz ɪt ˈɔːfərd fɔːr æn ɪˈskeɪp fɔːr hɪm ənd hɪz kəmˈpænjənz/
Line 2
He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.
/hiː ˈnoʊtəst ðæt ðə haɪ prɪˈsɪpɪtəs blʌfs æz wiː hæv ɔːlˈredi ˈmenʃənd dərˈektli ˈɑːpəzət ðem sæt bæk sʌm ˈdɪstəns frʌm ðə ʃɔːr/
Line 3
Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.
/wɜːr ɪt ˈʌðərwaɪz nɑːt ðə ˈslaɪtəst hoʊp wʊd rɪˈmeɪn fɔːr ðə moʊst ˈderɪŋ ˈswɪmər ðæt ˈevər kleft ðə weɪv/
Line 4
Not a living soul was to be seen upon these bluffs.
/nɑːt ə ˈlɪvɪŋ soʊl wɑːz tuː biː siːn əˈpɑːn ðiːz blʌfs/
Line 5
He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bluffs noun US /blʌfs/

plural of “bluff” — a high steep bank (usually formed by river erosion)

From this reading “He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.”

booty noun US /ˈbuːti/

goods or money obtained illegally

From this reading “He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.”

cleft noun US /kleft/

a split or indentation in something (as the palate or chin)

From this reading “Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.”

Cole noun US /koʊl/

a hardy cabbage with coarse curly leaves that do not form a head

From this reading “All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.”

marauding adjective US /mərˈɔːdɪŋ/

characterized by plundering or pillaging or marauding

From this reading “He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.”

precipitous adjective US /prɪˈsɪpɪtəs/

done with very great haste and without due deliberation

From this reading “He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.”

scanning noun US /ˈskænɪŋ/

the process of translating photographs into a digital form that can be recognized by a computer

From this reading “All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.”

swimmer noun US /ˈswɪmər/

a trained athlete who participates in swimming meets

From this reading “Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

directly opposite adverb + adjective

In this reading “He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.”

along the shore preposition + article + noun counted as “along … shore”

In this reading “He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.”

some distance adjective + noun

In this reading “He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.”

living soul noun + noun

In this reading “Not a living soul was to be seen upon these bluffs.”

from the shore preposition + article + noun counted as “from … shore”

In this reading “He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.”

All words in this reading · 87

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Not a living soul was to be seen upon these bluffs.

AlladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

alongprepositionUS /əˈlɔːŋ/

following the length of something from one end toward the other

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

alreadyadverbUS /ɔːlˈredi/

prior to a specified or implied time

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Not a living soul was to be seen upon these bluffs.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

bluffsnounUS /blʌfs/

plural of “bluff” — a high steep bank (usually formed by river erosion)

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

bootynounUS /ˈbuːti/

goods or money obtained illegally

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

CaptainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

castverbUS /kæst/

put or send forth

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

chancesnounUS /ˈtʃænsəz/

plural of “chance” — a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

cleftnounUS /kleft/

a split or indentation in something (as the palate or chin)

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

coastnounUS /koʊst/

the shore of a sea or ocean

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

ColenounUS /koʊl/

a hardy cabbage with coarse curly leaves that do not form a head

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

companionsnounUS /kəmˈpænjənz/

plural of “companion” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

coollyadverbUS /ˈkuːli/

in a composed and unconcerned manner

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

daringnounUS /ˈderɪŋ/

a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

directlyadverbUS /dərˈektli/

without deviation

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

eageradjectiveUS /ˈiːɡər/

having or showing keen interest or intense desire or impatient expectancy

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

everadverbUS /ˈevər/

at any time

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

furtheradverbUS /ˈfɜːrðər/

to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (“further” is used more often than “farther” in this abstract sense)

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

highadjectiveUS /haɪ/

greater than normal in degree or intensity or amount

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

hopenounUS /hoʊp/

a specific instance of feeling hopeful

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

impatientadjectiveUS /ˌɪmˈpeɪʃənt/

restless or short-tempered under delay or opposition

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

IndiansnounUS /ˈɪndiənz/

plural of “indian” — a native or inhabitant of India

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

inlandadjectiveUS /ˈɪnlænd/

situated away from an area's coast or border

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

knewverbUS /nuː/

inflected form of “know” — be cognizant or aware of a fact or a specific piece of information; possess knowledge or information about

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading Not a living soul was to be seen upon these bluffs.

maraudingadjectiveUS /mərˈɔːdɪŋ/

characterized by plundering or pillaging or marauding

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

mentionedverbUS /ˈmenʃənd/

past form of “mention” — make reference to

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

myriads

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

noticedadjectiveUS /ˈnoʊtəst/

being perceived or observed

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

offeredverbUS /ˈɔːfərd/

past form of “offer” — make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

oppositeadjectiveUS /ˈɑːpəzət/

being directly across from each other; facing

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

otherwiseadverbUS /ˈʌðərwaɪz/

in other respects or ways

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

precipitousadjectiveUS /prɪˈsɪpɪtəs/

done with very great haste and without due deliberation

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

preynounUS /preɪ/

a person who is the aim of an attack (especially a victim of ridicule or exploitation) by some hostile person or influence

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

remainverbUS /rɪˈmeɪn/

stay the same; remain in a certain state

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

satnounUS /sæt/

the seventh and last day of the week; observed as the Sabbath by Jews and some Christians

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

scanningnounUS /ˈskænɪŋ/

the process of translating photographs into a digital form that can be recognized by a computer

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

seenverbUS /siːn/

inflected form of “see” — perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading Not a living soul was to be seen upon these bluffs.

shorenounUS /ʃɔːr/

the land along the edge of a body of water

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

slightestadjectiveUS /ˈslaɪtəst/

superlative of “slight” — (quantifier used with mass nouns) small in quantity or degree; not much or almost none or (with “a”) at least some

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

soulnounUS /soʊl/

the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading Not a living soul was to be seen upon these bluffs.

swarmnounUS /swɔːrm/

a moving crowd

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

swimmernounUS /ˈswɪmər/

a trained athlete who participates in swimming meets

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading Not a living soul was to be seen upon these bluffs.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Not a living soul was to be seen upon these bluffs.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading Not a living soul was to be seen upon these bluffs.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

wavenounUS /weɪv/

one of a series of ridges that moves across the surface of a liquid (especially across a large body of water)

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading He noticed that the high, precipitous bluffs, as we have already mentioned, directly opposite them, sat back some distance from the shore.

weighingnounUS /ˈweɪɪŋ/

careful consideration

From this reading All this time the eye of Captain Cole was scanning the coast before them, and he was coolly weighing the chances it offered for an escape for him and his companions.

Wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading He knew that further inland were marauding Indians, who, if they knew of the booty that was thus offered, would swarm along the shore in myriads, eager and impatient for the sea to cast the prey into their hands.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Were it otherwise, not the slightest hope would remain for the most daring swimmer that ever cleft the wave.

Chapter 19 of Old Ruff, the Trapper by Edward Sylvester Ellis holds 44 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 19 of Old Ruff, the Trapper contain?

Chapter 19 holds 44 sentences of Old Ruff, the Trapper, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 19 of Old Ruff, the Trapper by Edward Sylvester Ellis exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 44 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 19 of Old Ruff, the Trapper?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 19 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 19 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Old Ruff, the Trapper

Common questions about reading Old Ruff, the Trapper by Edward Sylvester Ellis on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Old Ruff, the Trapper?

Yes. All 1625 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #66085 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Old Ruff, the Trapper is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #66085, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Old Ruff, the Trapper take to read?

About 135 minutes of reading across 325 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Old Ruff, the Trapper section by section

How to work through Old Ruff, the Trapper section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 20 chapters of Old Ruff, the Trapper to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Old Ruff, the Trapper

Words and structures a reader meets early in Old Ruff, the Trapper, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Trapper
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Old Ruff, the Trapper; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Young
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Old Ruff, the Trapper; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Fur-hunters
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Old Ruff, the Trapper; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Sequel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Old Ruff, the Trapper; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.