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Olive in Italy
Olive in Italy

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of Olive in Italy is here in full — 138 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Olive in Italy
Context Illustration Reading 1/27 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.
Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.
He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.
Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.
The afternoon was passing, but still Olive lingered by the cardinal's monument.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Olive in Italy

Chapter XVII · Chapter 17

Chapter 17 of Olive in Italy is here in full — 138 sentences across 28 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/27 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.
Line 2
Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.
Line 3
He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.
/hiː ɪz ˈbjuːtəfəl ɪn hɪmˈself æz hiː rests ðer hɪz jʌŋ feɪs set ɪn ðə piːs ðæt ˈpæsəz ɔːl ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ hɪz θɪn hændz ˈfoʊldəd ɑːn hɪz brest/
Line 4
Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.
Line 5
The afternoon was passing, but still Olive lingered by the cardinal's monument.
/ðə ˌæftərˈnuːn wɑːz ˈpæsɪŋ bʌt stɪl ˈɑːləv ˈlɪŋɡərd baɪ ðə ˈkɑːrdənəlz ˈmɑːnjuːmənt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

aisles noun US /aɪlz/

plural of “aisle” — a long narrow passage (as in a cave or woods)

From this reading “Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.”

bead noun US /biːd/

a small ball with a hole through the middle

From this reading “Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.”

cardinal's noun US /ˈkɑːrdənəlz/

possessive form of “cardinal” — (Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popes

From this reading “The afternoon was passing, but still Olive lingered by the cardinal's monument.”

carve verb US /kɑːrv/

form by carving

From this reading “Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.”

counterfeit noun US /ˈkaʊntərfɪt/

a copy that is represented as the original

From this reading “Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.”

Mourners noun US /ˈmɔːrnərz/

plural of “mourner” — a person who is feeling grief (as grieving over someone who has died)

From this reading “Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.”

Portugal noun US /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡəl/

a republic in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; Portuguese explorers and colonists in the 15th and 16th centuries created a vast overseas empire (including Brazil)

From this reading “Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.”

presentment noun US /priˈzentmənt/

an accusation of crime made by a grand jury on its own initiative

From this reading “Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.”

All words in this reading · 125

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

acanthusnoun

any plant of the genus Acanthus having large spiny leaves and spikes or white or purplish flowers; native to Mediterranean region but widely cultivated

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

adornedadjectiveUS /əˈdɔːrnd/

provided with something intended to increase its beauty or distinction

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

afternoonnounUS /ˌæftərˈnuːn/

the part of the day between noon and evening

From this reading The afternoon was passing, but still Olive lingered by the cardinal's monument.

aislesnounUS /aɪlz/

plural of “aisle” — a long narrow passage (as in a cave or woods)

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

alnounUS /æl/

a silvery ductile metallic element found primarily in bauxite

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

amorini

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

basso-rilievo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

beadnounUS /biːd/

a small ball with a hole through the middle

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

beautifuladjectiveUS /ˈbjuːtəfəl/

delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

blackadjectiveUS /blæk/

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

blossomsnounUS /ˈblɑːsəmz/

plural of “blossom” — reproductive organ of angiosperm plants especially one having showy or colorful parts

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

breastnounUS /brest/

the front of the trunk from the neck to the abdomen

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

buriedadjectiveUS /ˈberid/

placed in a grave

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The afternoon was passing, but still Olive lingered by the cardinal's monument.

Campo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

CardinalnounUS /ˈkɑːrdənəl/

(Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popes

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

cardinal'snounUS /ˈkɑːrdənəlz/

possessive form of “cardinal” — (Roman Catholic Church) one of a group of more than 100 prominent bishops in the Sacred College who advise the Pope and elect new Popes

From this reading The afternoon was passing, but still Olive lingered by the cardinal's monument.

carryingverbUS /ˈkæriɪŋ/

-ing form of “carry” — move while supporting, either in a vehicle or in one's hands or on one's body

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

carveverbUS /kɑːrv/

form by carving

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

casesnounUS /ˈkeɪsəz/

plural of “case” — an occurrence of something

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

centraladjectiveUS /ˈsentrəl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

changedadjectiveUS /tʃeɪndʒd/

made or become different in nature or form

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

chapelnounUS /ˈtʃæpəl/

a place of worship that has its own altar

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

churchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

claimnounUS /kleɪm/

an assertion of a right (as to money or property)

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

conferredverbUS /kənˈfɜːrd/

inflected form of “confer” — have a conference in order to talk something over

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

counterfeitnounUS /ˈkaʊntərfɪt/

a copy that is represented as the original

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

deckedverbUS /dekt/

past form of “deck” — be beautiful to look at

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

facenounUS /feɪs/

the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

flowersnounUS /ˈflaʊərz/

plural of “flower” — a plant cultivated for its blooms or blossoms

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

foldedverbUS /ˈfoʊldəd/

past form of “fold” — bend or lay so that one part covers the other

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

freshadjectiveUS /freʃ/

recently made, produced, or harvested

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

garlands

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

glassnounUS /ɡlæs/

a brittle transparent solid with irregular atomic structure

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

grassverbUS /ɡræs/

shoot down, of birds

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

gravesnounUS /ɡreɪvz/

English writer known for his interest in mythology and in the classics (1895-1985)

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

grownadjectiveUS /ɡroʊn/

(of animals) fully developed

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

handsnounUS /hændz/

(with “in”) guardianship over; in divorce cases it is the right to house and care for and discipline a child

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

immortalitynounUS /ˌɪmɔːrˈtælɪti/

the quality or state of being immortal

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

Jacopo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

keptadjectiveUS /kept/

(especially of promises or contracts) not violated or disregarded

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

kneelingnounUS /ˈniːlɪŋ/

supporting yourself on your knees

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

lampsnounUS /læmps/

plural of “lamp” — an artificial source of visible illumination

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

liesnounUS /laɪz/

plural of “lie” — a statement that deviates from or perverts the truth

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

lingeredverbUS /ˈlɪŋɡərd/

past form of “linger” — remain present although waning or gradually dying

From this reading The afternoon was passing, but still Olive lingered by the cardinal's monument.

litadjectiveUS /lɪt/

provided with artificial light

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

littleadjectiveUS /ˈlɪtəl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

lovedadjectiveUS /lʌvd/

held dear

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

Miniato

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

MontenounUS /ˈmɑːnti/

a gambling card game of Spanish origin; 3 or 4 cards are dealt face up and players bet that one of them will be matched before the others as the cards are dealt from the pack one at a time

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

monumentnounUS /ˈmɑːnjuːmənt/

a structure erected to commemorate persons or events

From this reading The afternoon was passing, but still Olive lingered by the cardinal's monument.

MournersnounUS /ˈmɔːrnərz/

plural of “mourner” — a person who is feeling grief (as grieving over someone who has died)

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

neednounUS /niːd/

a condition requiring relief

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

newadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

OliveadjectiveUS /ˈɑːləv/

of a yellow-green color similar to that of an unripe olive

From this reading The afternoon was passing, but still Olive lingered by the cardinal's monument.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

onceadverbUS /wʌns/

on one occasion

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

passesnounUS /ˈpæsəz/

plural of “pass” — (baseball) an advance to first base by a batter who receives four balls

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

passingnounUS /ˈpæsɪŋ/

(American football) a play that involves one player throwing the ball to a teammate

From this reading The afternoon was passing, but still Olive lingered by the cardinal's monument.

peacenounUS /piːs/

the state prevailing during the absence of war

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

PortugalnounUS /ˈpɔːrtʃəɡəl/

a republic in southwestern Europe on the Iberian Peninsula; Portuguese explorers and colonists in the 15th and 16th centuries created a vast overseas empire (including Brazil)

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

presentmentnounUS /priˈzentmənt/

an accusation of crime made by a grand jury on its own initiative

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

rememberedverbUS /rɪˈmembərd/

past form of “remember” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

restsnounUS /rests/

plural of “rest” — something left after other parts have been taken away

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

Rossellino

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

San

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

Santo

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

setverbUS /set/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

SoulsnounUS /soʊlz/

plural of “soul” — the immaterial part of a person; the actuating cause of an individual life

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

stilladjectiveUS /stɪl/

not in physical motion

From this reading The afternoon was passing, but still Olive lingered by the cardinal's monument.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

sweetadjectiveUS /swiːt/

having or denoting the characteristic taste of sugar

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

thinadjectiveUS /θɪn/

Having little thickness or extent.

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

tombnounUS /tuːm/

a place for the burial of a corpse (especially beneath the ground and marked by a tombstone)

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

tombsnounUS /tuːmz/

plural of “tomb” — a place for the burial of a corpse (especially beneath the ground and marked by a tombstone)

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

understandingnounUS /ˌʌndərˈstændɪŋ/

the cognitive condition of someone who understands

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

whosedeterminerUS /huːz/

belonging to which person

From this reading Rossellino, who loved to carve garlands of acanthus and small sweet _amorini_, has conferred immortality on some of the men whose tombs he adorned in _basso-rilievo_, and they are remembered because of him; but the cardinal has another claim.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

wreathsnounUS /riːθs/

plural of “wreath” — flower arrangement consisting of a circular band of foliage or flowers for ornamental purposes

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

wroughtadjectiveUS /rɔːt/

shaped to fit by or as if by altering the contours of a pliable mass (as by work or effort)

From this reading Cardinal Jacopo of Portugal was buried in a side chapel of the church of San Miniato al Monte, and his counterfeit presentment, wrought in stone, lies on the tomb Rossellino made for him.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Mourners were kneeling in the central aisles of the church, and women carrying wreaths passed through it on their way to the Campo Santo beyond, for this was the day of All Souls, and there were fresh flowers on the new graves, and little black lamps were lit on those that were grass grown and decked only with the bead blossoms that are kept in glass cases and need not be changed once a year.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading He is beautiful in himself as he rests there, his young face set in the peace that passes all understanding, his thin hands folded on his breast.

Chapter 17 of Olive in Italy by Moray Dalton holds 138 sentences, grouped into 28 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of Olive in Italy contain?

Chapter 17 holds 138 sentences of Olive in Italy, unabridged, divided into 28 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of Olive in Italy by Moray Dalton exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 138 sentences, grouped into 28 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of Olive in Italy?

Work through the 28 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 28 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Olive in Italy

Common questions about reading Olive in Italy by Moray Dalton on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Olive in Italy?

Yes. All 4517 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #29512 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Olive in Italy is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #29512, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Olive in Italy take to read?

About 376 minutes of reading across 904 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Olive in Italy section by section

How to work through Olive in Italy section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 34 chapters of Olive in Italy to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Olive in Italy

Words and structures a reader meets early in Olive in Italy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Mixed
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Olive in Italy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Poureth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Olive in Italy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Dregs
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Olive in Italy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Thereof
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Olive in Italy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.