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Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography
Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography is here in full — 424 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/84 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
His usual carelessness in money matters attended him.
Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.
Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.
At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.
The moment the proposition had bolted from his lips his heart was in his throat.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography

Chapter II · Chapter 2

Chapter 2 of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography is here in full — 424 sentences across 85 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/84 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
His usual carelessness in money matters attended him.
/hɪz ˈjuːʒəwəl ˈkerləsnəs ɪn ˈmʌni ˈmætərz əˈtendɪd hɪm/
Line 2
Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.
/ðoʊ hɪz səˈplaɪz frʌm hoʊm wɜːr ˈskænti ənd ˌɪˈreɡjələr hiː ˈnevər kʊd brɪŋ hɪmˈself ˈɪntuː ˈhæbəts ʌv ˈpruːdəns ənd ɪˈkɑːnəmi ˈɔːfən hiː wɑːz strɪpt ʌv ɔːl hɪz ˈprezənt fɪˈnænsɪz æt pleɪ ˈɔːfən hiː ˈlævɪʃt ðem əˈweɪ ɪn fɪts ʌv ənˈɡɑːrdɪd ˈtʃerɪti ɔːr ˌdʒenərˈɑːsəti/
Line 3
Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.
/səmˈtaɪmz əˈmʌŋ hɪz buːn kəmˈpænjənz hiː əˈsuːmd ə ˈluːdəkrəs ˈswæɡər ɪn ˈmʌni ˈmætərz wɪtʃ noʊ wʌn ˈæftərwərd wɑːz mɔːr ˈredi ðæn hɪmˈself tuː læf æt/
Line 4
At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.
Line 5
The moment the proposition had bolted from his lips his heart was in his throat.
/ðə ˈmoʊmənt ðə ˌprɑːpəˈzɪʃən hæd ˈboʊltəd frʌm hɪz lɪps hɪz hɑːrt wɑːz ɪn hɪz θroʊt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

boon noun US /buːn/

a desirable state

From this reading “Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.”

carelessness noun US /ˈkerləsnəs/

the quality of not being careful or taking pains

From this reading “His usual carelessness in money matters attended him.”

convivial adjective US /kənˈvɪviəl/

occupied with or fond of the pleasures of good company

From this reading “At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.”

finances noun US /fɪˈnænsɪz/

assets in the form of money

From this reading “Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.”

lavished verb US /ˈlævɪʃt/

past form of “lavish” — expend profusely; also used with abstract nouns

From this reading “Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.”

ludicrous adjective US /ˈluːdəkrəs/

broadly or extravagantly humorous; resembling farce

From this reading “Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.”

swagger verb US /ˈswæɡər/

to walk with a lofty proud gait, often in an attempt to impress others

From this reading “Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.”

unguarded adjective US /ənˈɡɑːrdɪd/

lacking protection or a guard

From this reading “Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.”

All words in this reading · 82

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

afterwardadverbUS /ˈæftərwərd/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

assumedadjectiveUS /əˈsuːmd/

adopted in order to deceive

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

attendedadjectiveUS /əˈtendɪd/

playing or singing with instrumental or vocal accompaniment

From this reading His usual carelessness in money matters attended him.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

boltedverbUS /ˈboʊltəd/

past form of “bolt” — move or jump suddenly

From this reading The moment the proposition had bolted from his lips his heart was in his throat.

boonnounUS /buːn/

a desirable state

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

carelessnessnounUS /ˈkerləsnəs/

the quality of not being careful or taking pains

From this reading His usual carelessness in money matters attended him.

charitynounUS /ˈtʃerɪti/

a foundation created to promote the public good (not for assistance to any particular individuals)

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

companionsnounUS /kəmˈpænjənz/

plural of “companion” — a friend who is frequently in the company of another

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

convivialadjectiveUS /kənˈvɪviəl/

occupied with or fond of the pleasures of good company

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

drawverbUS /drɔː/

cause to move by pulling

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

economynounUS /ɪˈkɑːnəmi/

the system of production and distribution and consumption

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

fellow-students

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

financesnounUS /fɪˈnænsɪz/

assets in the form of money

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

fitsnounUS /fɪts/

plural of “fit” — a display of bad temper

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

generositynounUS /ˌdʒenərˈɑːsəti/

the trait of being willing to give your money or time

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

habitsnounUS /ˈhæbəts/

plural of “habit” — an established custom

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The moment the proposition had bolted from his lips his heart was in his throat.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading The moment the proposition had bolted from his lips his heart was in his throat.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading His usual carelessness in money matters attended him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His usual carelessness in money matters attended him.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading His usual carelessness in money matters attended him.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

irregularadjectiveUS /ˌɪˈreɡjələr/

contrary to rule or accepted order or general practice

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

laughnounUS /læf/

the sound of laughing

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

lavishedverbUS /ˈlævɪʃt/

past form of “lavish” — expend profusely; also used with abstract nouns

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

lipsnounUS /lɪps/

plural of “lip” — either of two fleshy folds of tissue that surround the mouth and play a role in speaking

From this reading The moment the proposition had bolted from his lips his heart was in his throat.

lotsnounUS /lɑːts/

a large number or amount

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

ludicrousadjectiveUS /ˈluːdəkrəs/

broadly or extravagantly humorous; resembling farce

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

mattersnounUS /ˈmætərz/

plural of “matter” — a vaguely specified concern

From this reading His usual carelessness in money matters attended him.

meetingnounUS /ˈmiːtɪŋ/

a formally arranged gathering

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading The moment the proposition had bolted from his lips his heart was in his throat.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading His usual carelessness in money matters attended him.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

numbernounUS /ˈnʌmbər/

the property possessed by a sum or total or indefinite quantity of units or individuals

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

playverbUS /pleɪ/

participate in games or sport

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

proposedverbUS /prəˈpoʊzd/

past form of “propose” — make a proposal, declare a plan for something

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

propositionnounUS /ˌprɑːpəˈzɪʃən/

(logic) a statement that affirms or denies something and is either true or false

From this reading The moment the proposition had bolted from his lips his heart was in his throat.

prudencenounUS /ˈpruːdəns/

discretion in practical affairs

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

readyadjectiveUS /ˈredi/

completely prepared or in condition for immediate action or use or progress

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

scantyadjectiveUS /ˈskænti/

lacking in magnitude or quantity

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

shouldmodal verbUS /ʃʊd/

used to say what is right, expected, or advisable

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

SometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

strippedadjectiveUS /strɪpt/

having only essential or minimal features

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

suddenlyadverbUS /ˈsʌdənli/

happening unexpectedly

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

suppliesnounUS /səˈplaɪz/

plural of “supply” — an amount of something available for use

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

swaggerverbUS /ˈswæɡər/

to walk with a lofty proud gait, often in an attempt to impress others

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

ThoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

throatnounUS /θroʊt/

The passage at the back of the mouth.

From this reading The moment the proposition had bolted from his lips his heart was in his throat.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

treatverbUS /triːt/

interact in a certain way

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

unguardedadjectiveUS /ənˈɡɑːrdɪd/

lacking protection or a guard

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading His usual carelessness in money matters attended him.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Though his supplies from home were scanty and irregular, he never could bring himself into habits of prudence and economy; often he was stripped of all his present finances at play; often he lavished them away in fits of unguarded charity or generosity.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Sometimes among his boon companions he assumed a ludicrous swagger in money matters, which no one afterward was more ready than himself to laugh at.

wholeadjectiveUS /hoʊl/

including all components without exception; being one unit or constituting the full amount or extent or duration; complete

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading At a convivial meeting with a number of his fellow-students, he suddenly proposed to draw lots with any one present which of the two should treat the whole party to the play.

Chapter 2 of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography by Washington Irving holds 424 sentences, grouped into 85 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography contain?

Chapter 2 holds 424 sentences of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography, unabridged, divided into 85 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography by Washington Irving exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 424 sentences, grouped into 85 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography?

Work through the 85 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 85 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography

Common questions about reading Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography by Washington Irving on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography?

Yes. All 3725 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #7993 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #7993, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography take to read?

About 310 minutes of reading across 745 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography section by section

How to work through Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 9 chapters of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography

Words and structures a reader meets early in Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Birth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Parentage--characteristics
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Goldsmith
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Race--poetical
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Oliver Goldsmith: A Biography; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.