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On Being Negro in America
On Being Negro in America

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of On Being Negro in America is here in full — 401 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for On Being Negro in America
Context Illustration Reading 1/80 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
_“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.
He was right.
The Negro lives constantly on two planes of awareness.
Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_
_One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

On Being Negro in America

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of On Being Negro in America is here in full — 401 sentences across 81 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/80 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
_“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.
/wʌt ə ˌselfˈkɑːnʃəs ˈpiːpəl jɔːr ˈniːɡroʊz ɑːr ə ˈriːsənt frentʃ ˈvɪzɪtər ɪkˈskleɪmd/
Line 2
He was right.
/hiː wɑːz raɪt/
Line 3
The Negro lives constantly on two planes of awareness.
/ðə ˈniːɡroʊ lɪvz ˈkɑːnstəntli ɑːn tuː pleɪnz ʌv əˈwernəs/
Line 4
Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_
Line 5
_One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

awareness noun US /əˈwernəs/

having knowledge of

From this reading “The Negro lives constantly on two planes of awareness.”

boxing noun US /ˈbɑːksɪŋ/

fighting with the fists

From this reading “Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_”

challenger noun US /ˈtʃæləndʒər/

the contestant you hope to defeat

From this reading “Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_”

heavyweight noun US /ˈheviweɪt/

an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 201 pounds

From this reading “Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_”

primal adjective US /ˈpraɪməl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading “_One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:”

Redding noun US /ˈredɪŋ/

a town in north central California on the Sacramento River

From this reading “_One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:”

telecast noun US /ˈteləkæst/

a television broadcast

From this reading “Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_”

unrefined adjective US /ˌʌnriˈfaɪnd/

not refined or processed

From this reading “_One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

match between verb + particle

In this reading “Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_”

sickened at verb + particle counted as “sicken at”

In this reading “_One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading _“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.

alsoadverbUS /ˈɔːlsoʊ/

in addition

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading _“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

awarenessnounUS /əˈwernəs/

having knowledge of

From this reading The Negro lives constantly on two planes of awareness.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

beatverbUS /biːt/

come out better in a competition, race, or conflict

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

boxingnounUS /ˈbɑːksɪŋ/

fighting with the fists

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

businessnounUS /ˈbɪznəs/

a commercial or industrial enterprise and the people who constitute it

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

challengernounUS /ˈtʃæləndʒər/

the contestant you hope to defeat

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

championnounUS /ˈtʃæmpiən/

someone who has won first place in a competition

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

CharlesnounUS /tʃɑːrlz/

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

constantlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːnstəntli/

without variation or change, in every case

From this reading The Negro lives constantly on two planes of awareness.

don't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

energynounUS /ˈenərdʒi/

(physics) a thermodynamic quantity equivalent to the capacity of a physical system to do work; the units of energy are joules or ergs

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

exclaimedverbUS /ɪkˈskleɪmd/

past form of “exclaim” — utter aloud; often with surprise, horror, or joy

From this reading _“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.

Ezzard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

FrenchnounUS /frentʃ/

the Romance language spoken in France and in countries colonized by France

From this reading _“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

goesnounUS /ɡoʊz/

plural of “go” — a time period for working (after which you will be relieved by someone else)

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

goodadjectiveUS /ɡʊd/

having desirable or positive qualities especially those suitable for a thing specified

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

gotverbUS /ɡɑːt/

inflected form of “get” — come into the possession of something concrete or abstract

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

happenedverbUS /ˈhæpənd/

past form of “happen” — come to pass

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was right.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

heavyweightnounUS /ˈheviweɪt/

an amateur boxer who weighs no more than 201 pounds

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

I've

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

JnounUS /dʒeɪ/

a unit of electrical energy equal to the work done when a current of one ampere passes through a resistance of one ohm for one second

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

livesnounUS /lɪvz/

plural of “life” — a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading The Negro lives constantly on two planes of awareness.

livingnounUS /ˈlɪvɪŋ/

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

matchverbUS /mætʃ/

be compatible, similar or consistent; coincide in their characteristics

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

minepronounUS /maɪn/

the one or ones belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

NegronounUS /ˈniːɡroʊ/

a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

From this reading The Negro lives constantly on two planes of awareness.

NegroesnounUS /ˈniːɡroʊz/

plural of “negro” — a person with African ancestry, "Negro" and "Negroid" are archaic and pejorative today

From this reading _“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The Negro lives constantly on two planes of awareness.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The Negro lives constantly on two planes of awareness.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

One's

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading _“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

planesnounUS /pleɪnz/

plural of “plane” — an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets

From this reading The Negro lives constantly on two planes of awareness.

primaladjectiveUS /ˈpraɪməl/

serving as an essential component

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

realizationnounUS /ˈriːləˈzeɪʃən/

coming to understand something clearly and distinctly

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

recentadjectiveUS /ˈriːsənt/

new

From this reading _“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.

ReddingnounUS /ˈredɪŋ/

a town in north central California on the Sacramento River

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading He was right.

rootnounUS /ruːt/

(botany) the usually underground organ that lacks buds or leaves or nodes; absorbs water and mineral salts; usually it anchors the plant to the ground

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

saidadjectiveUS /sed/

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

Saunders

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

self-consciousadjectiveUS /ˌselfˈkɑːnʃəs/

aware of yourself as an individual or of your own being and actions and thoughts

From this reading _“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.

sheeradjectiveUS /ʃɪr/

complete and without restriction or qualification; sometimes used informally as intensifiers

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

sickenedverbUS /ˈsɪkənd/

past form of “sicken” — cause aversion in; offend the moral sense of

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

StatesnounUS /steɪts/

plural of “state” — the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

telecastnounUS /ˈteləkæst/

a television broadcast

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The Negro lives constantly on two planes of awareness.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading The Negro lives constantly on two planes of awareness.

undeflected

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

UnitedadjectiveUS /juːˈnaɪtɪd/

characterized by unity; being or joined into a single entity

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

unrefinedadjectiveUS /ˌʌnriˈfaɪnd/

not refined or processed

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

visitornounUS /ˈvɪzɪtər/

someone who visits

From this reading _“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was right.

WatchingnounUS /ˈwɑːtʃɪŋ/

the act of observing; taking a patient look

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

WhatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading _“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Watching the telecast of a boxing match between Ezzard Charles, the Negro who happened to be heavyweight champion, and a white challenger, a friend of mine said, “I don’t like Charles as a person but I’ve got to root for him to beat this white boy—and good.”_

writtenadjectiveUS /ˈrɪtən/

set down in writing in any of various ways

From this reading _One’s heart is sickened at the realization of the primal energy that goes undeflected and unrefined into the sheer business of living as a Negro in the United States—in any one of the United States._ J. Saunders Redding has also written:

yourdeterminerUS /jɔːr/

belonging to the person or people being spoken to

From this reading _“What a self-conscious people your Negroes are!” a recent French visitor exclaimed.

Chapter 1 of On Being Negro in America by J. Saunders (Jay Saunders) Redding holds 401 sentences, grouped into 81 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of On Being Negro in America contain?

Chapter 1 holds 401 sentences of On Being Negro in America, unabridged, divided into 81 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of On Being Negro in America by J. Saunders (Jay Saunders) Redding exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 401 sentences, grouped into 81 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of On Being Negro in America?

Work through the 81 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 81 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading On Being Negro in America

Common questions about reading On Being Negro in America by J. Saunders (Jay Saunders) Redding on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of On Being Negro in America?

Yes. All 1606 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #61818 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of On Being Negro in America is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #61818, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does On Being Negro in America take to read?

About 133 minutes of reading across 322 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read On Being Negro in America section by section

How to work through On Being Negro in America section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of On Being Negro in America to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in On Being Negro in America

Words and structures a reader meets early in On Being Negro in America, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Self-conscious
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On Being Negro in America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
People
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On Being Negro in America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Negroes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On Being Negro in America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Recent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On Being Negro in America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.