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On Being Negro in America
On Being Negro in America

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of On Being Negro in America is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/81 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
It is a static but a curiously hectic dance.
We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.
In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.
I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.
The older demagogues had this to excuse them; they were ignorant.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

On Being Negro in America

Chapter II

Chapter 2 of On Being Negro in America is here in full — 408 sentences across 82 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/81 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
It is a static but a curiously hectic dance.
/ɪt ɪz ə ˈstætɪk bʌt ə ˈkjʊriəsli ˈhektɪk dæns/
Line 2
We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.
/wiː ˈdʒaɪreɪt θruː ɪts ˈkɑːmpləkeɪtəd ˈpætərnz wɪð rɪˈspɑːnsɪz æz kənˈdɪʃənd ənd ˌɪnˈvɑːlənteri æz ˈriːfleksəz/
Line 3
In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.
/ɪn spaɪt ʌv ɔːl ðə ˈfɜːrvənt ˈklæpɪŋ ənd ˈʃaʊtɪŋ ˈaʊər riˈækʃənz tuː ðə reɪs ˈprɑːbləm ɑːr nɑːt ˈrɪli ɪˈmoʊʃənəl ənd ˌɪntəˈlektʃuːəl bʌt ˈmʌskjələr/
Line 4
I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.
Line 5
The older demagogues had this to excuse them; they were ignorant.
/ðə ˈoʊldər ˈdeməɡɑːɡz hæd ðɪs tuː ɪksˈkjuːs ðem ðeɪ wɜːr ˈɪɡnərənt/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

conditioned adjective US /kənˈdɪʃənd/

established by conditioning or learning

From this reading “We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.”

demagogues noun US /ˈdeməɡɑːɡz/

plural of “demagogue” — a political leader who seeks support by appealing to popular passions and prejudices

From this reading “I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.”

findings noun US /ˈfaɪndɪŋz/

a collection of tools and other articles used by an artisan to make jewelry or clothing or shoes

From this reading “I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.”

gyrate verb US /ˈdʒaɪreɪt/

to wind or move in a spiral course

From this reading “We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.”

reactions noun US /riˈækʃənz/

plural of “reaction” — (chemistry) a process in which one or more substances are changed into others

From this reading “In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.”

reflexes noun US /ˈriːfleksəz/

plural of “reflex” — an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus

From this reading “We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.”

responses noun US /rɪˈspɑːnsɪz/

plural of “response” — a result

From this reading “We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.”

static adjective US /ˈstætɪk/

not in physical motion

From this reading “It is a static but a curiously hectic dance.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

modern science adjective + noun

In this reading “I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.”

In spite preposition + noun

In this reading “In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.”

educated men adjective + noun

In this reading “I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It is a static but a curiously hectic dance.

agoadverbUS /əˈɡoʊ/

in the past

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

believeverbUS /bɪˈliːv/

accept as true; take to be true

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading It is a static but a curiously hectic dance.

Byrnes

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

cabined

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

cannot

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

CarolinanounUS /ˌkerəˈlaɪnə/

the area of the states of North Carolina and South Carolina

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

clappingnounUS /ˈklæpɪŋ/

a demonstration of approval by clapping the hands together

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

complicatedadjectiveUS /ˈkɑːmpləkeɪtəd/

difficult to analyze or understand

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

conditionedadjectiveUS /kənˈdɪʃənd/

established by conditioning or learning

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

confinedadjectiveUS /kənˈfaɪnd/

not invading healthy tissue

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

convictionnounUS /kənˈvɪkʃən/

an unshakable belief in something without need for proof or evidence

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

curiouslyadverbUS /ˈkjʊriəsli/

in a manner differing from the usual or expected

From this reading It is a static but a curiously hectic dance.

dancenounUS /dæns/

an artistic form of nonverbal communication

From this reading It is a static but a curiously hectic dance.

demagoguesnounUS /ˈdeməɡɑːɡz/

plural of “demagogue” — a political leader who seeks support by appealing to popular passions and prejudices

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

educatedadjectiveUS /ˈedʒəkeɪtɪd/

possessing an education (especially having more than average knowledge)

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

emotionaladjectiveUS /ɪˈmoʊʃənəl/

determined or actuated by emotion rather than reason

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

escapedadjectiveUS /ɪˈskeɪpt/

having escaped, especially from confinement

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

excuseverbUS /ɪksˈkjuːs/

accept an excuse for

From this reading The older demagogues had this to excuse them; they were ignorant.

ferventadjectiveUS /ˈfɜːrvənt/

characterized by intense emotion

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

findingsnounUS /ˈfaɪndɪŋz/

a collection of tools and other articles used by an artisan to make jewelry or clothing or shoes

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

GeorgianounUS /ˈdʒɔːrdʒə/

a state in southeastern United States; one of the Confederate states during the American Civil War

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

gyrateverbUS /ˈdʒaɪreɪt/

to wind or move in a spiral course

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The older demagogues had this to excuse them; they were ignorant.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

hecticadjectiveUS /ˈhektɪk/

marked by intense agitation or emotion

From this reading It is a static but a curiously hectic dance.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

ignorantadjectiveUS /ˈɪɡnərənt/

uneducated in general; lacking knowledge or sophistication

From this reading The older demagogues had this to excuse them; they were ignorant.

InprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

intellectualadjectiveUS /ˌɪntəˈlektʃuːəl/

of or associated with or requiring the use of the mind

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

involuntaryadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈvɑːlənteri/

not subject to the control of the will

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It is a static but a curiously hectic dance.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is a static but a curiously hectic dance.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

JamesnounUS /dʒeɪmz/

a Stuart king of Scotland who married a daughter of Henry VII; when England and France went to war in 1513 he invaded England and died in defeat at Flodden (1473-1513)

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

knowledgenounUS /ˈnɑːlədʒ/

the psychological result of perception and learning and reasoning

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

MississippinounUS /ˌmɪsɪˈsɪpi/

a major North American river and the chief river of the United States; rises in northern Minnesota and flows southward into the Gulf of Mexico

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

modernadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdərn/

belonging to the modern era; since the Middle Ages

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

moraladjectiveUS /ˈmɔːrəl/

concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

muscularadjectiveUS /ˈmʌskjələr/

of or relating to or consisting of muscle

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

olderadjectiveUS /ˈoʊldər/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading The older demagogues had this to excuse them; they were ignorant.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

patternsnounUS /ˈpætərnz/

plural of “pattern” — a perceptual structure

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

problemnounUS /ˈprɑːbləm/

a state of difficulty that needs to be resolved

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

racenounUS /reɪs/

any competition

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

reactionsnounUS /riˈækʃənz/

plural of “reaction” — (chemistry) a process in which one or more substances are changed into others

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

reallyadverbUS /ˈrɪli/

in accordance with truth or fact or reality

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

reflexesnounUS /ˈriːfleksəz/

plural of “reflex” — an automatic instinctive unlearned reaction to a stimulus

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

responsesnounUS /rɪˈspɑːnsɪz/

plural of “response” — a result

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

Richard

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

RussellnounUS /ˈrʌsəl/

United States religious leader who founded the sect that is now called Jehovah's Witnesses (1852-1916)

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

sciencenounUS /ˈsaɪəns/

a particular branch of scientific knowledge

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

shoutingnounUS /ˈʃaʊtɪŋ/

encouragement in the form of cheers from spectators

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

SouthnounUS /saʊθ/

the region of the United States lying to the south of the Mason-Dixon line

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

spitenounUS /spaɪt/

feeling a need to see others suffer

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

staticadjectiveUS /ˈstætɪk/

not in physical motion

From this reading It is a static but a curiously hectic dance.

Strom

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The older demagogues had this to excuse them; they were ignorant.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The older demagogues had this to excuse them; they were ignorant.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading The older demagogues had this to excuse them; they were ignorant.

throughprepositionUS /θruː/

from one end or side of something to the other

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

Thurmond

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading I cannot now, as long ago I could, believe in the moral and intellectual conviction of the demagogues, of men like Richard Russell and James Byrnes and Strom Thurmond; for I cannot believe that the findings of modern science are so cabined and confined, even in South Carolina, Georgia and Mississippi, as to have escaped the knowledge of these educated men.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading In spite of all the fervent clapping and shouting, our reactions to the race problem are not really emotional and intellectual, but muscular.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The older demagogues had this to excuse them; they were ignorant.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading We gyrate through its complicated patterns with responses as conditioned and involuntary as reflexes.

Chapter 2 of On Being Negro in America by J. Saunders (Jay Saunders) Redding holds 408 sentences, grouped into 82 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 2 of On Being Negro in America contain?

Chapter 2 holds 408 sentences of On Being Negro in America, unabridged, divided into 82 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 2 of On Being Negro in America by J. Saunders (Jay Saunders) Redding exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 408 sentences, grouped into 82 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 2 of On Being Negro in America?

Work through the 82 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 82 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 2 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 2 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading On Being Negro in America

Common questions about reading On Being Negro in America by J. Saunders (Jay Saunders) Redding on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of On Being Negro in America?

Yes. All 1606 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #61818 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of On Being Negro in America is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #61818, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does On Being Negro in America take to read?

About 133 minutes of reading across 322 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read On Being Negro in America section by section

How to work through On Being Negro in America section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 4 chapters of On Being Negro in America to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in On Being Negro in America

Words and structures a reader meets early in On Being Negro in America, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Self-conscious
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On Being Negro in America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
People
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On Being Negro in America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Negroes
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On Being Negro in America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Recent
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On Being Negro in America; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.