Chapter II

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The next morning, the 31st January, the nation awoke a Republic.

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The next morning, the 31st January, the nation awoke a Republic.

higher than, or over, something

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

from one side of something to the other

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

inflected form of “awake” — stop sleeping

From this reading The next morning, the 31st January, the nation awoke a Republic.

a room or establishment where alcoholic drinks are served over a counter

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

earlier than; in front of

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

on the far side of; further than

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

being of the achromatic color of maximum darkness; having little or no hue owing to absorption of almost all incident light

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

an alloy of copper and zinc

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

unrestrained by convention or propriety

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

a structure that allows people or vehicles to cross an obstacle such as a river or canal or railway etc.

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

a window sash that is hinged (usually on one side)

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

King of France from 1560 to 1574 whose reign was dominated by his mother Catherine de Medicis (1550-1574)

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

plural of “cloud” — any collection of particles (e.g., smoke or dust) or gases that is visible

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

having a low or inadequate temperature or feeling a sensation of coldness or having been made cold by e.g. ice or refrigeration

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

the official name of some states in the United States (Massachusetts and Pennsylvania and Virginia and Kentucky) and associated territories (Puerto Rico)

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

plural of “creature” — a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

absence of light or illumination

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

the first light of day

From this reading It was a strange, dreary dawning.

past form of “die” — pass from physical life and lose all bodily attributes and functions necessary to sustain life

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

lacking in liveliness or charm or surprise

From this reading It was a strange, dreary dawning.

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

all things; all of a situation

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

footwear (shoes or slippers) with no heel (or a very low heel)

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

turned into ice; affected by freezing or by long and severe cold

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

a movable barrier in a fence or wall

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

the apparent surface of the imaginary sphere on which celestial bodies appear to be projected

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

the line at which the sky and Earth appear to meet

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

a heavy ductile magnetic metallic element; is silver-white in pure form but readily rusts; used in construction and tools and armament; plays a role in the transport of oxygen by the blood

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

the first month of the year; begins 10 days after the winter solstice

From this reading The next morning, the 31st January, the nation awoke a Republic.

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

of comparatively little physical weight or density

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

the experience of being alive; the course of human events and activities

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

the capital and largest city of England; located on the Thames in southeastern England; financial and industrial and cultural center

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

(of soil) soft and watery

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

containing or made of or resembling or characteristic of a metal

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

the time period between dawn and noon

From this reading The next morning, the 31st January, the nation awoke a Republic.

not in physical motion

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading The next morning, the 31st January, the nation awoke a Republic.

immediately following in time or order

From this reading The next morning, the 31st January, the nation awoke a Republic.

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading OLIVE'S RECOLLECTIONS.

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

having a margin incised almost to the base so as to create distinct divisions or lobes

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

past form of “presume” — take to be the case or to be true; accept without verification or proof

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

declared publicly; made widely known

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

plural of “recollection” — the ability to recall past occurrences

From this reading OLIVE'S RECOLLECTIONS.

a political system in which the supreme power lies in a body of citizens who can elect people to represent them

From this reading The next morning, the 31st January, the nation awoke a Republic.

incapable of or resistant to bending

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

advancing or becoming higher or greater in degree or value or status

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

a large natural stream of water (larger than a creek)

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

being the one previously mentioned or spoken of

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

a platform from which criminals are executed (hanged or beheaded)

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

a male human offspring

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

the unlimited expanse in which everything is located

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

an alloy of iron with small amounts of carbon; widely used in construction; mechanical properties can be varied over a wide range

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

being definitely out of the ordinary and unexpected; slightly odd or even a bit weird

From this reading It was a strange, dreary dawning.

United States painter best known for his portraits of George Washington (1755-1828)

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The next morning, the 31st January, the nation awoke a Republic.

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

plural of “tower” — a structure taller than its diameter; can stand alone or be attached to a larger building

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

someone who betrays his country by committing treason

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

moved around an axis or center

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

An arched structure of masonry forming a ceiling, or a secure subterranean storage room.

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

United States actress and singer (1896-1977)

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The king had died "a traitor" (they said) "to the nation;" and in the space before his scaffold it had been proclaimed, that whoever presumed to call his son, Charles Stuart, king, was a traitor to the Commonwealth.

in the company of; together with

From this reading As I opened my casement and looked across the black frozen river to London Bridge, with its "Traitor's Gate" and the towers of Southwark rising above from the marshy flats beyond, to the one long cold bar of brazen light which parted the dark clouds on the horizon from the heavy vault of snowclouds above, everything seemed hard and metallic--the heavens "iron and brass," the waters steel, the earth and her living creatures motionless, rigid, as if turned to stone.