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On the Irrawaddy
On the Irrawaddy

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of On the Irrawaddy is here in full — 219 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for On the Irrawaddy
Context Illustration Reading 1/43 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.
It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.
"I think you had better accept my offer, Nellie," the gentleman was saying.
"You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.
The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

On the Irrawaddy

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of On the Irrawaddy is here in full — 219 sentences across 44 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/43 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.
Line 2
It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.
/ɪt kənˈsɪstəd ʌv ə ˈdʒentəlmən ə ˈleɪdi ɪn diːp ˈmɔːrnɪŋ ə bɔɪ ʌv bɪˈtwiːn ˈfɔːrˈtiːn ənd fɪfˈtiːn ənd tuː ɡɜːrlz ʌv ˈθɜːrˈtiːn ənd twelv/
Line 3
"I think you had better accept my offer, Nellie," the gentleman was saying.
Line 4
"You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.
/juː wɪl faɪnd ɪt hɑːrd wɜːrk ɪˈnʌf tuː meɪk boʊθ endz miːt wɪð ðiːz tuː ɡɜːrlz ənd ˈstænli wʊd biː ə ˈhevi dreɪn ɑːn juː/
Line 5
The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.
/ðə ɡɜːrlz kɑːst ˈnʌθɪŋ bʌt ðer kloʊðz bʌt hiː mʌst ɡoʊ tuː ə ˈdiːsənt skuːl ənd ðen ðer wʊd biː ðə ˈtrʌbəl ʌv ˈθɪŋkɪŋ wʌt tuː duː wɪð hɪm ˈæftərwərdz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

assembled verb US /əˈsembəld/

past form of “assemble” — create by putting components or members together

From this reading “A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.”

Calcutta noun US /ˌkælˈkʌtə/

the largest city in India and one of the largest cities in the world; located in eastern India; suffers from poverty and overcrowding

From this reading “A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.”

consisted verb US /kənˈsɪstəd/

past form of “consist” — originate

From this reading “It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.”

drain verb US /dreɪn/

flow off gradually

From this reading “"You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.”

fourteen noun US /ˈfɔːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of thirteen and one

From this reading “It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.”

mourning noun US /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading “It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.”

Stanley noun US /ˈstænli/

United States inventor who built a steam-powered automobile (1849-1918)

From this reading “"You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.”

thirteen noun US /ˈθɜːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twelve and one

From this reading “It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.”

All words in this reading · 76

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1822

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

AdeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

acceptverbUS /ækˈsept/

consider or hold as true

From this reading "I think you had better accept my offer, Nellie," the gentleman was saying.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

assembledverbUS /əˈsembəld/

past form of “assemble” — create by putting components or members together

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading "I think you had better accept my offer, Nellie," the gentleman was saying.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

boynounUS /bɔɪ/

a youthful male person

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

CalcuttanounUS /ˌkælˈkʌtə/

the largest city in India and one of the largest cities in the world; located in eastern India; suffers from poverty and overcrowding

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

clothesnounUS /kloʊðz/

clothing in general

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

consistedverbUS /kənˈsɪstəd/

past form of “consist” — originate

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

costnounUS /kɑːst/

the total spent for goods or services including money and time and labor

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

decentadjectiveUS /ˈdiːsənt/

socially or conventionally correct; refined or virtuous

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

deepadjectiveUS /diːp/

relatively deep or strong; affecting one deeply

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

drainverbUS /dreɪn/

flow off gradually

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

endsnounUS /endz/

plural of “end” — either extremity of something that has length

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

enoughnounUS /ɪˈnʌf/

an adequate quantity; a quantity that is large enough to achieve a purpose

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

fifteennounUS /fɪfˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of fourteen and one

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

findverbUS /faɪnd/

come upon, as if by accident; meet with

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

fourteennounUS /ˈfɔːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of thirteen and one

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

gentlemannounUS /ˈdʒentəlmən/

a man of refinement

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

girlsnounUS /ɡɜːrlz/

plural of “girl” — a young female

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

goverbUS /ɡoʊ/

change location; move, travel, or proceed, also metaphorically

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading "I think you had better accept my offer, Nellie," the gentleman was saying.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

hotelnounUS /hoʊˈtel/

a building where travelers can pay for lodging and meals and other services

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "I think you had better accept my offer, Nellie," the gentleman was saying.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

ladynounUS /ˈleɪdi/

a polite name for any woman

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

meetverbUS /miːt/

come together

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

mourningnounUS /ˈmɔːrnɪŋ/

state of sorrow over the death or departure of a loved one

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

mydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading "I think you had better accept my offer, Nellie," the gentleman was saying.

Nellie

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "I think you had better accept my offer, Nellie," the gentleman was saying.

nothingpronounUS /ˈnʌθɪŋ/

not one thing; not anything

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

offerverbUS /ˈɔːfər/

make available or accessible, provide or furnish

From this reading "I think you had better accept my offer, Nellie," the gentleman was saying.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

partynounUS /ˈpɑːrti/

an organization to gain political power

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

roomnounUS /ruːm/

an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

sayingnounUS /ˈseɪɪŋ/

a word or phrase that particular people use in particular situations

From this reading "I think you had better accept my offer, Nellie," the gentleman was saying.

schoolnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

StanleynounUS /ˈstænli/

United States inventor who built a steam-powered automobile (1849-1918)

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading "I think you had better accept my offer, Nellie," the gentleman was saying.

thinkingnounUS /ˈθɪŋkɪŋ/

the process of using your mind to consider something carefully

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

thirteennounUS /ˈθɜːrˈtiːn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of twelve and one

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

troublenounUS /ˈtrʌbəl/

a source of difficulty

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

twelvenounUS /twelv/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eleven and one

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading It consisted of a gentleman, a lady in deep mourning, a boy of between fourteen and fifteen, and two girls of thirteen and twelve.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The girls cost nothing but their clothes; but he must go to a decent school, and then there would be the trouble of thinking what to do with him, afterwards.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading "You will find it hard work enough to make both ends meet, with these two girls; and Stanley would be a heavy drain on you.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading A party was assembled in a room of an hotel in Calcutta, at the end of the year 1822.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "I think you had better accept my offer, Nellie," the gentleman was saying.

Chapter 1 of On the Irrawaddy by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty holds 219 sentences, grouped into 44 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of On the Irrawaddy contain?

Chapter 1 holds 219 sentences of On the Irrawaddy, unabridged, divided into 44 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of On the Irrawaddy by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 219 sentences, grouped into 44 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of On the Irrawaddy?

Work through the 44 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 44 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading On the Irrawaddy

Common questions about reading On the Irrawaddy by G. A. (George Alfred) Henty on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of On the Irrawaddy?

Yes. All 4806 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #21242 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of On the Irrawaddy is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #21242, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does On the Irrawaddy take to read?

About 400 minutes of reading across 962 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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How to work through On the Irrawaddy section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

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Vocabulary met early in On the Irrawaddy

Words and structures a reader meets early in On the Irrawaddy, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Party
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On the Irrawaddy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Assembled
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On the Irrawaddy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Hotel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On the Irrawaddy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Calcutta
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On the Irrawaddy; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.