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On the Spanish Main
On the Spanish Main

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of On the Spanish Main is here in full — 182 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/36 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.
He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.
When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.
Four years later he sailed with Hawkins on a memorable trading voyage to the Spanish Main.
On this occasion he commanded a small vessel of fifty tons.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

On the Spanish Main

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of On the Spanish Main is here in full — 182 sentences across 37 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/36 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.
Line 2
He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.
Line 3
When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.
/wen hiː wɑːz eɪˈtiːn jɪrz ʌv eɪdʒ hiː dʒɔɪnd hɪz ˈkʌzən dʒɑːn ˈhɔːkɪnz ðen ə ɡreɪt ənd ˈwelθi ˈmɜːr.tʃənt enˈɡeɪdʒd ɪn ðə sleɪv treɪd/
Line 4
Four years later he sailed with Hawkins on a memorable trading voyage to the Spanish Main.
/fɔːr jɪrz ˈleɪtər hiː seɪld wɪð ˈhɔːkɪnz ɑːn ə ˈmemərəbəl ˈtreɪdɪŋ ˈvɔɪədʒ tuː ðə ˈspænɪʃ meɪn/
Line 5
On this occasion he commanded a small vessel of fifty tons.
/ɑːn ðɪs əˈkeɪʒən hiː kəˈmændɪd ə smɔːl ˈvesəl ʌv ˈfɪfti tʌnz/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

coaster noun US /ˈkoʊstər/

a resident of a coastal area

From this reading “He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.”

counties noun US /ˈkaʊntiz/

plural of “county” — (United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government

From this reading “He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.”

Drake noun US /dreɪk/

English explorer and admiral who was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe and who helped to defeat the Spanish Armada (1540-1596)

From this reading “His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.”

landfall noun US /ˈlændfɔːl/

the seacoast first sighted on a voyage (or flight over water)

From this reading “His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.”

raids noun US /reɪdz/

plural of “raid” — a sudden short attack

From this reading “His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.”

redoubtable adjective US /riˈdaʊtəbəl/

inspiring fear

From this reading “His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.”

tons noun US /tʌnz/

a large number or amount

From this reading “On this occasion he commanded a small vessel of fifty tons.”

trading noun US /ˈtreɪdɪŋ/

buying or selling securities or commodities

From this reading “Four years later he sailed with Hawkins on a memorable trading voyage to the Spanish Main.”

All words in this reading · 72

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

1545

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

aboardadverbUS /əˈbɔːrd/

on a ship, train, plane or other vehicle

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

agenounUS /eɪdʒ/

how long something has existed

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

bornadjectiveUS /bɔːrn/

brought into existence

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

ChannelnounUS /ˈtʃænəl/

a path over which electrical signals can pass

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

coasternounUS /ˈkoʊstər/

a resident of a coastal area

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

commandedverbUS /kəˈmændɪd/

past form of “command” — be in command of

From this reading On this occasion he commanded a small vessel of fifty tons.

countiesnounUS /ˈkaʊntiz/

plural of “county” — (United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

cousinnounUS /ˈkʌzən/

the child of your aunt or uncle

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

DrakenounUS /dreɪk/

English explorer and admiral who was the first Englishman to circumnavigate the globe and who helped to defeat the Spanish Armada (1540-1596)

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

easternadjectiveUS /ˈiːstərn/

lying toward or situated in the east

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

eighteenadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːn/

being one more than seventeen

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

engagedadjectiveUS /enˈɡeɪdʒd/

having ones attention or mind or energy engaged

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

EnglishmannounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃmən/

a man who is a native or inhabitant of England

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

fiftynounUS /ˈfɪfti/

the cardinal number that is the product of ten and five

From this reading On this occasion he commanded a small vessel of fifty tons.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

FournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading Four years later he sailed with Hawkins on a memorable trading voyage to the Spanish Main.

FrancenounUS /fræns/

a republic in western Europe; the largest country wholly in Europe

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

Francis

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

harbourverbUS /ˈhɑːrbər/

secretly shelter (as of fugitives or criminals)

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

HawkinsnounUS /ˈhɔːkɪnz/

English privateer involved in the slave trade; later helped build the fleet that in 1588 defeated the Spanish Armada (1532-1595)

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

HisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

JohnnounUS /dʒɑːn/

a room or building equipped with one or more toilets

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

joinedadjectiveUS /dʒɔɪnd/

of or relating to two people who are married to each other

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

ladnounUS /læd/

a boy or man

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

landfallnounUS /ˈlændfɔːl/

the seacoast first sighted on a voyage (or flight over water)

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Four years later he sailed with Hawkins on a memorable trading voyage to the Spanish Main.

MainadjectiveUS /meɪn/

most important element

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

makeverbUS /meɪk/

engage in

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

memorableadjectiveUS /ˈmemərəbəl/

worth remembering

From this reading Four years later he sailed with Hawkins on a memorable trading voyage to the Spanish Main.

merchantnounUS /ˈmɜːr.tʃənt/

A person or company involved in wholesale trade, especially with foreign countries.

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

nearadverbUS /nɪr/

near in time or place or relationship

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

occasionnounUS /əˈkeɪʒən/

an event that occurs at a critical time

From this reading On this occasion he commanded a small vessel of fifty tons.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

preliminaryadjectiveUS /prɪˈlɪməneri/

denoting an action or event preceding or in preparation for something more important

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

quarrelnounUS /ˈkwɔːrəl/

an angry dispute

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

raidsnounUS /reɪdz/

plural of “raid” — a sudden short attack

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

redoubtableadjectiveUS /riˈdaʊtəbəl/

inspiring fear

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

sailedverbUS /seɪld/

past form of “sail” — traverse or travel on (a body of water)

From this reading Four years later he sailed with Hawkins on a memorable trading voyage to the Spanish Main.

seanounUS /siː/

a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

secretnounUS /ˈsiː.krət/

Something that is kept or meant to be kept unknown or unseen by others.

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

sentnounUS /sent/

100 senti equal 1 kroon in Estonia

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

slavenounUS /sleɪv/

a person who is owned by someone

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

smalladjectiveUS /smɔːl/

limited or below average in number or quantity or magnitude or extent

From this reading On this occasion he commanded a small vessel of fifty tons.

SpaniardsnounUS /ˈspænjərdz/

plural of “spaniard” — a native or inhabitant of Spain

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

SpanishnounUS /ˈspænɪʃ/

the Romance language spoken in most of Spain and the countries colonized by Spain

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

Tavistock

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading On this occasion he commanded a small vessel of fifty tons.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

tonsnounUS /tʌnz/

a large number or amount

From this reading On this occasion he commanded a small vessel of fifty tons.

tradenounUS /treɪd/

the commercial exchange (buying and selling on domestic or international markets) of goods and services

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

tradingnounUS /ˈtreɪdɪŋ/

buying or selling securities or commodities

From this reading Four years later he sailed with Hawkins on a memorable trading voyage to the Spanish Main.

vesselnounUS /ˈvesəl/

a tube in which a body fluid circulates

From this reading On this occasion he commanded a small vessel of fifty tons.

voyagenounUS /ˈvɔɪədʒ/

an act of traveling by water

From this reading Four years later he sailed with Hawkins on a memorable trading voyage to the Spanish Main.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

wealthyadjectiveUS /ˈwelθi/

having an abundant supply of money or possessions of value

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading His quarrel with the Spaniards--His preliminary raids--His landfall--The secret harbour Francis Drake, the first Englishman to make himself "redoubtable to the Spaniards" on the Spanish Main, was born near Tavistock about the year 1545.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading When he was eighteen years of age he joined his cousin, John Hawkins, then a great and wealthy merchant, engaged in the slave trade.

Zeeland

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He was sent to sea, as a lad, aboard a Channel coaster engaged in trade with the eastern counties, France and Zeeland.

Chapter 1 of On the Spanish Main by John Masefield holds 182 sentences, grouped into 37 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of On the Spanish Main contain?

Chapter 1 holds 182 sentences of On the Spanish Main, unabridged, divided into 37 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of On the Spanish Main by John Masefield exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 182 sentences, grouped into 37 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of On the Spanish Main?

Work through the 37 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 37 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading On the Spanish Main

Common questions about reading On the Spanish Main by John Masefield on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of On the Spanish Main?

Yes. All 4708 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #19396 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of On the Spanish Main is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #19396, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does On the Spanish Main take to read?

About 392 minutes of reading across 942 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in On the Spanish Main

Words and structures a reader meets early in On the Spanish Main, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Quarrel
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On the Spanish Main; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Spaniards--his
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On the Spanish Main; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Preliminary
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On the Spanish Main; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Raids--his
A word that appears in the opening chapter of On the Spanish Main; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.