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One Man's Initiation—1917
One Man's Initiation—1917

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of One Man's Initiation—1917 is here in full — 18 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for One Man's Initiation—1917
Context Illustration Reading 1/3 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Ducks quacking woke Martin.
For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.
The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.
He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.
He stretched himself and looked about him.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

One Man's Initiation—1917

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of One Man's Initiation—1917 is here in full — 18 sentences across 4 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/3 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Ducks quacking woke Martin.
Line 2
For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.
/fɔːr ə ˈmoʊmənt hiː kʊd nɑːt θɪŋk wer hiː wɑːz ðen hiː rɪˈmembərd/
Line 3
The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.
/ðə ˈræftərz ʌv ðə lɔːft ʌv ðə ˈfɑːrmhaʊs ˈoʊvər hɪz hed wɜːr hʌŋ wɪð ˈbʌntʃəz ʌv ɜːrbz ˈdraɪɪŋ/
Line 4
He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.
Line 5
He stretched himself and looked about him.
/hiː stretʃt hɪmˈself ənd lʊkt əˈbaʊt hɪm/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

bunches noun US /ˈbʌntʃəz/

plural of “bunch” — a grouping of a number of similar things

From this reading “The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.”

cackling verb US /ˈkækəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “cackle” — talk or utter in a cackling manner

From this reading “He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.”

eaves noun US /iːvz/

the overhang at the lower edge of a roof

From this reading “He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.”

farmyard noun US /ˈfɑːrmjɑːrd/

an area adjacent to farm buildings

From this reading “He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.”

grunting verb US /ˈɡrʌntɪŋ/

-ing form of “grunt” — issue a grunting, low, animal-like noise

From this reading “He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.”

rafters noun US /ˈræftərz/

plural of “rafter” — one of several parallel sloping beams that support a roof

From this reading “The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.”

sniffing verb US /ˈsnɪfɪŋ/

-ing form of “sniff” — perceive by inhaling through the nose

From this reading “He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.”

sweetened adjective US /ˈswiːtənd/

with sweetening added

From this reading “He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.”

All words in this reading · 58

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading He stretched himself and looked about him.

airnounUS /er/

a mixture of gases (especially oxygen) required for breathing; the stuff that the wind consists of

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading He stretched himself and looked about him.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

bunchesnounUS /ˈbʌntʃəz/

plural of “bunch” — a grouping of a number of similar things

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

cacklingverbUS /ˈkækəlɪŋ/

-ing form of “cackle” — talk or utter in a cackling manner

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.

dryingverbUS /ˈdraɪɪŋ/

-ing form of “dry” — remove the moisture from and make dry

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

DucksnounUS /dʌks/

plural of “duck” — small wild or domesticated web-footed broad-billed swimming bird usually having a depressed body and short legs

From this reading Ducks quacking woke Martin.

earsnounUS /ɪrz/

plural of “ear” — the sense organ for hearing and equilibrium

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

eavesnounUS /iːvz/

the overhang at the lower edge of a roof

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

farmhousenounUS /ˈfɑːrmhaʊs/

house for a farmer and family

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

farmyardnounUS /ˈfɑːrmjɑːrd/

an area adjacent to farm buildings

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

ForprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.

gruntingverbUS /ˈɡrʌntɪŋ/

-ing form of “grunt” — issue a grunting, low, animal-like noise

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

hensnounUS /henz/

plural of “hen” — adult female chicken

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

herbsnounUS /ɜːrbz/

plural of “herb” — a plant lacking a permanent woody stem; many are flowering garden plants or potherbs; some having medicinal properties; some are pests

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading He stretched himself and looked about him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He stretched himself and looked about him.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

hungverbUS /hʌŋ/

inflected form of “hang” — be suspended or hanging

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

layverbUS /leɪ/

put into a certain place or abstract location

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

loftnounUS /lɔːft/

floor consisting of a large unpartitioned space over a factory or warehouse or other commercial space

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

lookedverbUS /lʊkt/

past form of “look” — perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading He stretched himself and looked about him.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

MartinnounUS /ˈmɑːrtən/

French bishop who is a patron saint of France (died in 397)

From this reading Ducks quacking woke Martin.

momentnounUS /ˈmoʊmənt/

a particular point in time

From this reading For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.

occupiedadjectiveUS /ˈɑːkjəpaɪd/

held or filled or in use

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

pigeonsnounUS /ˈpɪdʒənz/

plural of “pigeon” — wild and domesticated birds having a heavy body and short legs

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

pigsnounUS /pɪɡz/

plural of “pig” — domestic swine

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

quacking

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Ducks quacking woke Martin.

raftersnounUS /ˈræftərz/

plural of “rafter” — one of several parallel sloping beams that support a roof

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

rememberedverbUS /rɪˈmembərd/

past form of “remember” — recall knowledge from memory; have a recollection

From this reading For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.

rou-cou-cou-cou

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

sniffingverbUS /ˈsnɪfɪŋ/

-ing form of “sniff” — perceive by inhaling through the nose

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

soundsnounUS /saʊndz/

plural of “sound” — the particular auditory effect produced by a given cause

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

stretchedadjectiveUS /stretʃt/

(of muscles) relieved of stiffness by stretching

From this reading He stretched himself and looked about him.

sweetenedadjectiveUS /ˈswiːtənd/

with sweetening added

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.

thinkverbUS /θɪŋk/

judge or regard; look upon; judge

From this reading For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

whereconjunctionUS /wer/

in or at the place that

From this reading For a moment he could not think where he was; then he remembered.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading He lay a long while on his back looking at them, sniffing the sweetened air, while farmyard sounds occupied his ears, hens cackling, the grunting of pigs, the rou-cou-cou-cou, rou-cou-cou-cou of pigeons under the eaves.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading The rafters of the loft of the farmhouse over his head were hung with bunches of herbs drying.

wokeverbUS /woʊk/

inflected form of “wake” — be awake, be alert, be there

From this reading Ducks quacking woke Martin.

Chapter 8 of One Man's Initiation—1917 by John Dos Passos holds 18 sentences, grouped into 4 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of One Man's Initiation—1917 contain?

Chapter 8 holds 18 sentences of One Man's Initiation—1917, unabridged, divided into 4 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of One Man's Initiation—1917 by John Dos Passos exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 18 sentences, grouped into 4 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of One Man's Initiation—1917?

Work through the 4 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 4 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading One Man's Initiation—1917

Common questions about reading One Man's Initiation—1917 by John Dos Passos on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of One Man's Initiation—1917?

Yes. All 2003 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #24202 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of One Man's Initiation—1917 is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #24202, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does One Man's Initiation—1917 take to read?

About 166 minutes of reading across 401 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read One Man's Initiation—1917 section by section

How to work through One Man's Initiation—1917 section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

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  3. Listen and tap

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Vocabulary met early in One Man's Initiation—1917

Words and structures a reader meets early in One Man's Initiation—1917, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Those
A word that appears in the opening chapter of One Man's Initiation—1917; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rockets
A word that appears in the opening chapter of One Man's Initiation—1917; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Certain
A word that appears in the opening chapter of One Man's Initiation—1917; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Evening
A word that appears in the opening chapter of One Man's Initiation—1917; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.