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Optimism: An Essay
Optimism: An Essay

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Optimism: An Essay is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/78 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of The Story of My Life New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.
Certainly most of us regard happiness as the proper end of all earthly enterprise.
The will to be happy animates alike the philosopher, the prince and the chimney-sweep.
No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.
It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Optimism: An Essay

Chapter I

Chapter 1 of Optimism: An Essay is here in full — 393 sentences across 79 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/78 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author ofThe Story of My LifeNew York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.
Line 2
Certainly most of us regard happiness as the proper end of all earthly enterprise.
/ˈsɜːrtənli moʊst ʌv ʌs rɪˈɡɑːrd ˈhæpinəs æz ðə ˈprɑːpər end ʌv ɔːl ˈɜːrθli ˈentərpraɪz/
Line 3
The will to be happy animates alike the philosopher, the prince and the chimney-sweep.
Line 4
No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.
Line 5
It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

animates verb US /ˈænəməts/

third-person singular of “animate” — heighten or intensify

From this reading “The will to be happy animates alike the philosopher, the prince and the chimney-sweep.”

endowment noun US /enˈdaʊmənt/

natural abilities or qualities

From this reading “Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.”

indisputable adjective US /ˌɪndɪsˈpjuːtəbəl/

not open to question; obviously true

From this reading “No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.”

Keller noun US /ˈkelər/

United States lecturer and writer who was blind and deaf from the age of 19 months

From this reading “Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.”

optimists noun US /ˈɑːptəmɪsts/

plural of “optimist” — a person disposed to take a favorable view of things

From this reading “Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.”

synonymous adjective US /səˈnɑːnəməs/

(of words) meaning the same or nearly the same

From this reading “Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.”

undertakings noun US /ˈʌndərteɪkɪŋz/

plural of “undertaking” — any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading “Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.”

Updike noun US /ˈʌpdaɪk/

United States author (born 1932)

From this reading “Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

all men adjective + noun

In this reading “Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.”

look for verb + particle

try to locate or discover, or try to establish the existence of

In this reading “It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.”

All words in this reading · 98

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

alikeadverbUS /əˈlaɪk/

equally

From this reading The will to be happy animates alike the philosopher, the prince and the chimney-sweep.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

AndeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

animatesverbUS /ˈænəməts/

third-person singular of “animate” — heighten or intensify

From this reading The will to be happy animates alike the philosopher, the prince and the chimney-sweep.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Certainly most of us regard happiness as the proper end of all earthly enterprise.

AuthornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

BostonnounUS /ˈbɑːstən/

state capital and largest city of Massachusetts; a major center for banking and financial services

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

ByprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

CertainlyadverbUS /ˈsɜːrtənli/

definitely or positively (“sure” is sometimes used informally for “surely”)

From this reading Certainly most of us regard happiness as the proper end of all earthly enterprise.

cherishverbUS /ˈtʃerɪʃ/

be fond of; be attached to

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

chimney-sweep

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The will to be happy animates alike the philosopher, the prince and the chimney-sweep.

chooseverbUS /tʃuːz/

pick out, select, or choose from a number of alternatives

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

CompanynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

Couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

Crowell

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

curiousadjectiveUS /ˈkjʊriəs/

beyond or deviating from the usual or expected

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

DnounUS /diː/

a fat-soluble vitamin that prevents rickets

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

desirenounUS /dɪˈzaɪər/

the feeling that accompanies an unsatisfied state

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

differentadjectiveUS /ˈdɪfərənt/

unlike in nature or quality or form or degree

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

dulladjectiveUS /dʌl/

lacking in liveliness or animation

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

earthlyadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrθli/

of or belonging to or characteristic of this earth as distinguished from heaven

From this reading Certainly most of us regard happiness as the proper end of all earthly enterprise.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading Certainly most of us regard happiness as the proper end of all earthly enterprise.

endowmentnounUS /enˈdaʊmənt/

natural abilities or qualities

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

enterprisenounUS /ˈentərpraɪz/

a purposeful or industrious undertaking (especially one that requires effort or boldness)

From this reading Certainly most of us regard happiness as the proper end of all earthly enterprise.

environmentnounUS /ɪnˈvaɪrənmənt/

the totality of surrounding conditions

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

EssaynounUS /eˈseɪ/

an analytic or interpretive literary composition

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

feelsnounUS /fiːlz/

plural of “feel” — an intuitive awareness

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

happinessnounUS /ˈhæpinəs/

state of well-being characterized by emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy

From this reading Certainly most of us regard happiness as the proper end of all earthly enterprise.

happyadjectiveUS /ˈhæpi/

enjoying or showing or marked by joy or pleasure

From this reading The will to be happy animates alike the philosopher, the prince and the chimney-sweep.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

HelennounUS /ˈhelən/

(Greek mythology) the beautiful daughter of Zeus and Leda who was abducted by Paris; the Greek army sailed to Troy to get her back which resulted in the Trojan War

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

how

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

humanadjectiveUS /ˈhjuːmən/

characteristic of humanity

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

ipronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

idealsnounUS /aɪˈdiːlz/

plural of “ideal” — the idea of something that is perfect; something that one hopes to attain

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

indisputableadjectiveUS /ˌɪndɪsˈpjuːtəbəl/

not open to question; obviously true

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

KellernounUS /ˈkelər/

United States lecturer and writer who was blind and deaf from the age of 19 months

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

LifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

lookverbUS /lʊk/

perceive with attention; direct one's gaze towards

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

matternounUS /ˈmætər/

a vaguely specified concern

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

Mdcccciii

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

mennounUS /men/

the force of workers available

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

Merrymount

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading Certainly most of us regard happiness as the proper end of all earthly enterprise.

MydeterminerUS /maɪ/

belonging to the person speaking

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

NewadjectiveUS /nuː/

not of long duration; having just (or relatively recently) come into being or been made or acquired or discovered

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

NodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

observeverbUS /əbˈzɜːrv/

discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

OptimismnounUS /ˈɑːptəmɪzəm/

the optimistic feeling that all is going to turn out well

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

optimistsnounUS /ˈɑːptəmɪsts/

plural of “optimist” — a person disposed to take a favorable view of things

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

PartnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

peoplenounUS /ˈpiːpəl/

(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

philosophernounUS /fəˈlɑːsəfər/

a specialist in philosophy

From this reading The will to be happy animates alike the philosopher, the prince and the chimney-sweep.

placesnounUS /ˈpleɪsəz/

plural of “place” — a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

PressverbUS /pres/

exert pressure or force to or upon

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

princenounUS /prɪns/

a male member of a royal family other than the sovereign (especially the son of a sovereign)

From this reading The will to be happy animates alike the philosopher, the prince and the chimney-sweep.

properadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːpər/

marked by suitability or rightness or appropriateness

From this reading Certainly most of us regard happiness as the proper end of all earthly enterprise.

regardnounUS /rɪˈɡɑːrd/

(usually preceded by “in”) a detail or point

From this reading Certainly most of us regard happiness as the proper end of all earthly enterprise.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

singularadjectiveUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələr/

unusual or striking

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

StorynounUS /ˈstɔːri/

a message that tells the particulars of an act or occurrence or course of events; presented in writing or drama or cinema or as a radio or television program

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

supposeverbUS /səˈpoʊz/

express a supposition

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

synonymousadjectiveUS /səˈnɑːnəməs/

(of words) meaning the same or nearly the same

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

TnounUS /tiː/

a base found in DNA (but not in RNA) and derived from pyrimidine; pairs with adenine

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading The will to be happy animates alike the philosopher, the prince and the chimney-sweep.

undertakingsnounUS /ˈʌndərteɪkɪŋz/

plural of “undertaking” — any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

UpdikenounUS /ˈʌpdaɪk/

United States author (born 1932)

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

uspronounUS /ʌs/

the speaker and others, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Certainly most of us regard happiness as the proper end of all earthly enterprise.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

well-spring

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading It is curious to observe what different ideals of happiness people cherish, and in what singular places they look for this well-spring of their life.

willmodal verbUS /wɪl/

used to talk about the future, or about willingness

From this reading The will to be happy animates alike the philosopher, the prince and the chimney-sweep.

wiseadjectiveUS /waɪz/

having or prompted by wisdom or discernment

From this reading No matter how dull, or how mean, or how wise a man is, he feels that happiness is his indisputable right.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

WithinprepositionUS /wɪˈðɪn/

inside; before a period of time has passed

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

YnounUS /waɪ/

a silvery metallic element that is common in rare-earth minerals; used in magnesium and aluminum alloys

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

YorknounUS /jɔːrk/

the English royal house (a branch of the Plantagenet line) that reigned from 1461 to 1485; its emblem was a white rose

From this reading Optimism An Essay By Helen Keller Author of “The Story of My Life” New York T. Y. Crowell and Company Mdcccciii D. B. Updike, The Merrymount Press, Boston Part i Optimism Within Could we choose our environment, and were desire in human undertakings synonymous with endowment, all men would, I suppose, be optimists.

Chapter 1 of Optimism: An Essay by Helen Keller holds 393 sentences, grouped into 79 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Optimism: An Essay contain?

Chapter 1 holds 393 sentences of Optimism: An Essay, unabridged, divided into 79 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Optimism: An Essay by Helen Keller exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 393 sentences, grouped into 79 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Optimism: An Essay?

Work through the 79 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 79 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Optimism: An Essay

Common questions about reading Optimism: An Essay by Helen Keller on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Optimism: An Essay?

Yes. All 393 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #31622 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Optimism: An Essay is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #31622, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Optimism: An Essay take to read?

About 32 minutes of reading across 79 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Optimism: An Essay section by section

How to work through Optimism: An Essay section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 1 chapters of Optimism: An Essay to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Optimism: An Essay

Words and structures a reader meets early in Optimism: An Essay, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Optimism
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Optimism: An Essay; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Essay
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Optimism: An Essay; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Helen
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Optimism: An Essay; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Keller
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Optimism: An Essay; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.