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Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower
Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower is here in full — 385 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower
Context Illustration Reading 1/77 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
He was shaking his head.
"I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.
That is perverse.
Man eats--a simple, animal activity.
How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower

Chapter XVII

Chapter 17 of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower is here in full — 385 sentences across 77 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/77 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
He was shaking his head.
/hiː wɑːz ˈʃeɪkɪŋ hɪz hed/
Line 2
"I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.
/aɪ fiːl ˈpʌzəld ðə juːs ʌv riˈlɪdʒənz ɪn ɪˈfekt hæz bɪn tuː kənˈsiːl ənd dɪˈnaɪ ðə ˈænəməl ˈneɪtʃər ʌv mæn/
Line 3
That is perverse.
/ðæt ɪz pərˈvɜːrs/
Line 4
Man eats--a simple, animal activity.
Line 5
How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

activity noun US /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading “Man eats--a simple, animal activity.”

conceal verb US /kənˈsiːl/

prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading “"I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.”

designed adjective US /dɪˈzaɪnd/

done or made or performed with purpose and intent

From this reading “How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?”

eats noun US /iːts/

informal terms for a meal

From this reading “Man eats--a simple, animal activity.”

functions noun US /ˈfʌŋkʃənz/

plural of “function” — (mathematics) a mathematical relation such that each element of a given set (the domain of the function) is associated with an element of another set (the range of the function)

From this reading “How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?”

perverse adjective US /pərˈvɜːrs/

marked by a disposition to oppose and contradict

From this reading “That is perverse.”

religions noun US /riˈlɪdʒənz/

plural of “religion” — a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading “"I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.”

rituals noun US /ˈrɪtʃuːəlz/

plural of “ritual” — any customary observance or practice

From this reading “How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

social functions adjective + noun counted as “social function”

a vaguely specified social event

In this reading “How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?”

All words in this reading · 50

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Man eats--a simple, animal activity.

activitynounUS /ækˈtɪvəti/

any specific behavior

From this reading Man eats--a simple, animal activity.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

casesnounUS /ˈkeɪsəz/

plural of “case” — an occurrence of something

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

castverbUS /kæst/

put or send forth

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

concealverbUS /kənˈsiːl/

prevent from being seen or discovered

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

denyverbUS /dɪˈnaɪ/

declare untrue; contradict

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

designedadjectiveUS /dɪˈzaɪnd/

done or made or performed with purpose and intent

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

eatingnounUS /ˈiːtɪŋ/

the act of consuming food

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

eatsnounUS /iːts/

informal terms for a meal

From this reading Man eats--a simple, animal activity.

effectnounUS /ɪˈfekt/

a phenomenon that follows and is caused by some previous phenomenon

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

functionsnounUS /ˈfʌŋkʃənz/

plural of “function” — (mathematics) a mathematical relation such that each element of a given set (the domain of the function) is associated with an element of another set (the range of the function)

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

HepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading He was shaking his head.

headnounUS /hed/

the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading He was shaking his head.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading He was shaking his head.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading That is perverse.

listverbUS /lɪst/

give or make a list of; name individually; give the names of

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

naturenounUS /ˈneɪtʃər/

the essential qualities or characteristics by which something is recognized

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

nonanimal

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

perverseadjectiveUS /pərˈvɜːrs/

marked by a disposition to oppose and contradict

From this reading That is perverse.

puzzledadjectiveUS /ˈpʌzəld/

filled with bewilderment

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

religionsnounUS /riˈlɪdʒənz/

plural of “religion” — a strong belief in a supernatural power or powers that control human destiny

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

religiousadjectiveUS /rɪˈlɪdʒəs/

concerned with sacred matters or religion or the church

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

ritualsnounUS /ˈrɪtʃuːəlz/

plural of “ritual” — any customary observance or practice

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

shakingnounUS /ˈʃeɪkɪŋ/

the act of causing something to move up and down (or back and forth) with quick movements

From this reading He was shaking his head.

simpleadjectiveUS /ˈsɪmpəl/

having few parts; not complex or complicated or involved

From this reading Man eats--a simple, animal activity.

socialadjectiveUS /ˈsoʊʃəl/

relating to human society and its members

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That is perverse.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

turnedadjectiveUS /tɜːrnd/

moved around an axis or center

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

usenounUS /juːs/

the act of using

From this reading "I feel puzzled--" "The use of religions, in effect, has been to conceal and deny the animal nature of man.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading He was shaking his head.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading How many religious rituals--turned into social functions in how many cases--could you list, all of which were designed to give a nonanimal cast to eating?

Chapter 17 of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower by Philip Wylie holds 385 sentences, grouped into 77 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 17 of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower contain?

Chapter 17 holds 385 sentences of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower, unabridged, divided into 77 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 17 of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower by Philip Wylie exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 385 sentences, grouped into 77 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 17 of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower?

Work through the 77 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 77 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 17 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 17 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower

Common questions about reading Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower by Philip Wylie on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower?

Yes. All 9988 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #62900 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #62900, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower take to read?

About 600 minutes of reading across 1998 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower section by section

How to work through Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 25 chapters of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower

Words and structures a reader meets early in Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Philip
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Wylie
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
William
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Concerto
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Opus 21 Descriptive Music for the Lower; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.