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Original Penny Readings
Original Penny Readings

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Original Penny Readings is here in full — 442 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/88 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
"Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"
"How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."
Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.
That was one way; but another dodge was this.
The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Original Penny Readings

Chapter IV

Chapter 4 of Original Penny Readings is here in full — 442 sentences across 89 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/88 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
"Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"
Line 2
"How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."
Line 3
Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.
Line 4
That was one way; but another dodge was this.
/ðæt wɑːz wʌn weɪ bʌt əˈnʌðər dɑːdʒ wɑːz ðɪs/
Line 5
The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

forgets verb US /fərˈɡets/

third-person singular of “forget” — dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading “Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.”

gallon noun US /ˈɡælən/

United States liquid unit equal to 4 quarts or 3.785 liters

From this reading “The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.”

grog noun US /ɡrɑːɡ/

rum cut with water

From this reading “Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.”

pint noun US /paɪnt/

a British imperial capacity measure (liquid or dry) equal to 4 gills or 568.26 cubic centimeters

From this reading “Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.”

pulls noun US /pʊlz/

plural of “pull” — the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you

From this reading “Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.”

pumps noun US /pʌmps/

plural of “pump” — a mechanical device that moves fluid or gas by pressure or suction

From this reading “Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.”

purser noun US /ˈpɜːrsər/

an officer aboard a ship who keeps accounts and attends to the passengers' welfare

From this reading “Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.”

tub noun US /tʌb/

a relatively large open container that you fill with water and use to wash the body

From this reading “Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

next day adjective + noun

In this reading “Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.”

ship's company verb + noun counted as “ship company”

In this reading “The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.”

runs down verb + adjective counted as “run down”

trace

In this reading “Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.”

runs out verb + adjective counted as “run out”

become used up; be exhausted

In this reading “"How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."”

handle of verb + particle

In this reading “Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.”

drop of verb + particle

In this reading “"Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"”

All words in this reading · 83

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading "Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading "How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

anotherdeterminerUS /əˈnʌðər/

one more of the same kind, or a different one

From this reading That was one way; but another dodge was this.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

belowprepositionUS /bɪˈloʊ/

at or to a lower level than something

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

canmodal verbUS /kæn/

to be able to, or to be allowed to

From this reading "How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."

Charley

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

companynounUS /ˈkʌmpəniː/

an institution created to conduct business

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

daynounUS /deɪ/

time for Earth to make a complete rotation on its axis

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

dodgeverbUS /dɑːdʒ/

make a sudden movement in a new direction so as to avoid

From this reading That was one way; but another dodge was this.

don't

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"

downadjectiveUS /daʊn/

being or moving lower in position or less in some value

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

dropverbUS /drɑːp/

let fall to the ground

From this reading "Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"

forgetsverbUS /fərˈɡets/

third-person singular of “forget” — dismiss from the mind; stop remembering

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

gallonnounUS /ˈɡælən/

United States liquid unit equal to 4 quarts or 3.785 liters

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

grognounUS /ɡrɑːɡ/

rum cut with water

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

halfadjectiveUS /hæf/

consisting of one of two equivalent parts in value or quantity

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

handleverbUS /ˈhændəl/

be in charge of, act on, or dispose of

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

How

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading "How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading "How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading "Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading "How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

lookingnounUS /ˈlʊkɪŋ/

the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

lotnounUS /lɑːt/

(often followed by “of”) a large number or amount or extent

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

mixedadjectiveUS /mɪkst/

consisting of a haphazard assortment of different kinds

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

nextadjectiveUS /nekst/

immediately following in time or order

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading "Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading That was one way; but another dodge was this.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading "How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."

perhapsadverbUS /pərˈhæps/

by chance

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

pintnounUS /paɪnt/

a British imperial capacity measure (liquid or dry) equal to 4 gills or 568.26 cubic centimeters

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

pullsnounUS /pʊlz/

plural of “pull” — the act of pulling; applying force to move something toward or with you

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

pumpverbUS /pʌmp/

operate like a pump; move up and down, like a handle or a pedal

From this reading "Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"

pumpsnounUS /pʌmps/

plural of “pump” — a mechanical device that moves fluid or gas by pressure or suction

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

pursernounUS /ˈpɜːrsər/

an officer aboard a ship who keeps accounts and attends to the passengers' welfare

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

pushverbUS /pʊʃ/

move with force

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

pushedverbUS /pʊʃt/

past form of “push” — move with force

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

quantitynounUS /ˈkwɑːntəti/

how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

regularadjectiveUS /ˈreɡjələr/

in accordance with fixed order or procedure or principle

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

rumnounUS /rʌm/

liquor distilled from fermented molasses

From this reading "Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"

runsnounUS /rʌnz/

plural of “run” — a score in baseball made by a runner touching all four bases safely

From this reading "How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading "Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"

saysnounUS /sez/

plural of “say” — the chance to speak

From this reading "How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."

servedverbUS /sɜːrvd/

past form of “serve” — serve a purpose, role, or function

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

servingnounUS /ˈsɜːrvɪŋ/

an individual quantity of food or drink taken as part of a meal

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

ship'snounUS /ʃɪps/

possessive form of “ship” — a vessel that carries passengers or freight

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

somethingpronounUS /ˈsʌmθɪŋ/

a thing, without saying which

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

strongadjectiveUS /strɔːŋ/

having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

ThatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading That was one way; but another dodge was this.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading "Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"

thenadverbUS /ðen/

subsequently or soon afterward (often used as sentence connectors)

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

there'd

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading That was one way; but another dodge was this.

thoughconjunctionUS /ðoʊ/

in spite of the fact that

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

TomnounUS /tɑːm/

male cat

From this reading "Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"

tubnounUS /tʌb/

a relatively large open container that you fill with water and use to wash the body

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading The grog used to be mixed in a tub, and then there was the serving out, when nearly always there'd be a lot left, perhaps a gallon, or a gallon and a half, after the ship's company had been all served.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

waynounUS /weɪ/

how something is done or how it happens

From this reading That was one way; but another dodge was this.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading "How can I?" he says, "when it all runs out."

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

WhynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading "Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Charley says something to him, though, and very next day, while the purser was looking on, Tom pumps out the regular quantity into the grog tub, and then forgets to push the handle of the pump down, but pulls it out of the tub, and runs down below with it, and when he pushed the handle down again, out came about a pint of strong rum.

youpronounUS /juː/

the person or people being spoken to

From this reading "Why don't you save a drop of rum, Tom, in the pump?"

Chapter 4 of Original Penny Readings by George Manville Fenn holds 442 sentences, grouped into 89 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 4 of Original Penny Readings contain?

Chapter 4 holds 442 sentences of Original Penny Readings, unabridged, divided into 89 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 4 of Original Penny Readings by George Manville Fenn exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 442 sentences, grouped into 89 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 4 of Original Penny Readings?

Work through the 89 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 89 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 4 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 4 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Original Penny Readings

Common questions about reading Original Penny Readings by George Manville Fenn on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Original Penny Readings?

Yes. All 2595 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #34666 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Original Penny Readings is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #34666, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Original Penny Readings take to read?

About 216 minutes of reading across 519 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Original Penny Readings section by section

How to work through Original Penny Readings section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 6 chapters of Original Penny Readings to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Original Penny Readings

Words and structures a reader meets early in Original Penny Readings, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Original
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Original Penny Readings; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Penny
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Original Penny Readings; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Readings
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Original Penny Readings; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
George
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Original Penny Readings; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.