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Oscar in Africa
Oscar in Africa

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Oscar in Africa is here in full — 120 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Oscar in Africa
Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
AN INCIDENT OF THE PAST.
When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.
The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.
He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.
He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Oscar in Africa

Chapter VIII

Chapter 8 of Oscar in Africa is here in full — 120 sentences across 24 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
AN INCIDENT OF THE PAST.
/æn ˈɪnsədənt ʌv ðə pæst/
Line 2
When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.
Line 3
The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.
/ðə ˈdʒiːnjəl ˈkæptən hæd wʌn ə pleɪs ɪn hɪz hɑːrt ənd hiː faʊnd ɪt hɑːrd tuː pɑːrt frʌm hɪm/
Line 4
He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.
/hiː felt ˈʌtərli ˈhelpləs naʊ ðæt ðə prɑːp ɑːn wɪtʃ hiː hæd liːnd ˈdʊrɪŋ ðə pæst θriː wiːks hæd bɪn ˈteɪkən əˈweɪ/
Line 5
He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.
/hiː bɪˈɡæn tuː ˈriːəlaɪz æz hiː hæd ˈnevər ˈriːəlaɪzd ɪt bɪˈfɔːr ðæt hiː hæd ˈʌndərteɪkən ə ˈdʒɜːrni frʌm wɪtʃ ˈmeni æn ˈoʊldər ənd mɔːr ɪkˈspɪriənst ˈpɜːrsən ðæn hɪmˈself wʊd hæv ʃrʌŋk ɪn dɪˈsmeɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adieu noun US /əˈduː/

a farewell remark

From this reading “When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.”

bidding noun US /ˈbɪdɪŋ/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading “When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.”

genial adjective US /ˈdʒiːnjəl/

diffusing warmth and friendliness

From this reading “The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.”

homesick adjective US /ˈhoʊmsɪk/

longing to return home

From this reading “When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.”

Oscar noun US /ˈɔːskər/

an annual award by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for achievements in motion picture production and performance

From this reading “When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.”

prop noun US /prɑːp/

a support placed beneath or against something to keep it from shaking or falling

From this reading “He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.”

shrunk verb US /ʃrʌŋk/

inflected form of “shrink” — wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading “He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.”

undertaken verb US /ˈʌndərteɪkən/

inflected form of “undertake” — enter upon an activity or enterprise

From this reading “He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

bidding adieu noun + noun

In this reading “When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.”

utterly helpless adverb + adjective

In this reading “He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.”

native land adjective + noun

the country where you were born

In this reading “When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.”

three weeks noun + noun counted as “three week”

In this reading “He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.”

during the past preposition + article + noun counted as “during … past”

In this reading “He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.”

first time adjective + noun

In this reading “When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.”

feel lonely verb + adjective

In this reading “When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.”

past three noun + noun

In this reading “He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.”

All words in this reading · 74

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

adieunounUS /əˈduː/

a farewell remark

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

ANdeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading AN INCIDENT OF THE PAST.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

awayadverbUS /əˈweɪ/

from a particular thing or place or position (“forth” is obsolete)

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

beforeprepositionUS /bɪˈfɔːr/

earlier than; in front of

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

biddingnounUS /ˈbɪdɪŋ/

an authoritative direction or instruction to do something

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

captainnounUS /ˈkæptən/

an officer holding a rank below a major but above a lieutenant

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

dismaynounUS /dɪˈsmeɪ/

the feeling of despair in the face of obstacles

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

duringprepositionUS /ˈdʊrɪŋ/

all through a period, or at some point within it

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

experiencedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspɪriənst/

having experience; having knowledge or skill from observation or participation

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

foundverbUS /faʊnd/

set up or found

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

genialadjectiveUS /ˈdʒiːnjəl/

diffusing warmth and friendliness

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

Gravesend

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

heartnounUS /hɑːrt/

the locus of feelings and intuitions

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

helplessadjectiveUS /ˈhelpləs/

lacking in or deprived of strength or power

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

himpronounUS /hɪm/

the male already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

homesickadjectiveUS /ˈhoʊmsɪk/

longing to return home

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

INCIDENTnounUS /ˈɪnsədənt/

a single distinct event

From this reading AN INCIDENT OF THE PAST.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

journeyverbUS /ˈdʒɜːrni/

undertake a journey or trip

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

landnounUS /lænd/

the land on which real estate is located

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

leanedverbUS /liːnd/

past form of “lean” — to incline or bend from a vertical position

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

leftnounUS /left/

location near or direction toward the left side; i.e. the side to the north when a person or object faces east

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

lonelyadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

manyadjectiveUS /ˈmeni/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “as” or “too” or “so” or “that”; amounting to a large but indefinite number

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading AN INCIDENT OF THE PAST.

olderadjectiveUS /ˈoʊldər/

advanced in years; (“aged” is pronounced as two syllables)

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

OscarnounUS /ˈɔːskər/

an annual award by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for achievements in motion picture production and performance

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

partnounUS /pɑːrt/

something determined in relation to something that includes it

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

PASTnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading AN INCIDENT OF THE PAST.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

propnounUS /prɑːp/

a support placed beneath or against something to keep it from shaking or falling

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

realizeverbUS /ˈriːəlaɪz/

be fully aware or cognizant of

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

realizedadjectiveUS /ˈriːəlaɪzd/

successfully completed or brought to an end

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

shrunkverbUS /ʃrʌŋk/

inflected form of “shrink” — wither, as with a loss of moisture

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

sightnounUS /saɪt/

an instance of visual perception

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

sinceprepositionUS /sɪns/

from a time in the past until now

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading AN INCIDENT OF THE PAST.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

undertakenverbUS /ˈʌndərteɪkən/

inflected form of “undertake” — enter upon an activity or enterprise

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

utterlyadverbUS /ˈʌtərli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

WhenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading When Gravesend had been left out of sight Oscar, for the first time since bidding adieu to his native land, began to feel lonely and homesick.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading He felt utterly helpless now that the prop on which he had leaned during the past three weeks had been taken away.

wonnounUS /wʌn/

the basic unit of money in South Korea

From this reading The genial captain had won a place in his heart, and he found it hard to part from him.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading He began to realize, as he had never realized it before, that he had undertaken a journey from which many an older and more experienced person than himself would have shrunk in dismay.

Chapter 8 of Oscar in Africa by Harry Castlemon holds 120 sentences, grouped into 24 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Oscar in Africa contain?

Chapter 8 holds 120 sentences of Oscar in Africa, unabridged, divided into 24 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Oscar in Africa by Harry Castlemon exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 120 sentences, grouped into 24 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Oscar in Africa?

Work through the 24 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 24 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Oscar in Africa

Common questions about reading Oscar in Africa by Harry Castlemon on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Oscar in Africa?

Yes. All 2718 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #54954 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Oscar in Africa is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #54954, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Oscar in Africa take to read?

About 226 minutes of reading across 544 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Oscar in Africa section by section

How to work through Oscar in Africa section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 32 chapters of Oscar in Africa to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Oscar in Africa

Words and structures a reader meets early in Oscar in Africa, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Author
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Oscar in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Gunboat
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Oscar in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Series
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Oscar in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Rocky
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Oscar in Africa; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.