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Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities
Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities is here in full — 175 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.
One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.
The mean diameter of the earth is 7,918 miles; that of Venus is 7,700 miles.
The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.
The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities

Chapter III · Chapter 3

Chapter 3 of Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities is here in full — 175 sentences across 35 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/35 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.
/ˈviːnəs ðə twɪn ʌv ðə ɜːrθ wiː kʌm naʊ tuː ə ˈplænət wɪtʃ siːmz æt ðə fɜːrst ɡlæns tuː əˈfɔːrd ə fɑːr mɔːr ˈprɑːməsɪŋ ˈaʊtlʊk ðæn ˈmɜːrkjəri dʌz fɔːr ðə ˈprezəns ʌv ɔːrˈɡænɪk laɪf fɔːrmz ˈberɪŋ sʌm rɪˈzembləns tuː ðoʊz ʌv ðə ɜːrθ/
Line 2
One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.
Line 3
The mean diameter of the earth is 7,918 miles; that of Venus is 7,700 miles.
Line 4
The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.
/ðə ˈdɪfərəns ɪz soʊ slaɪt ðæt ɪf ðə tuː ˈplænəts wɜːr səˈspendɪd saɪd baɪ saɪd ɪn ðə skaɪ æt sʌtʃ ə ˈdɪstəns ðæt ðer dɪsks rɪˈzembəld ðæt ʌv ðə fʊl muːn ðə aɪ wʊd ˈnoʊtəs noʊ ˌɪnɪˈkwɑːləti bɪˈtwiːn ðem/
Line 5
The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

density noun US /ˈdensəti/

the amount per unit size

From this reading “The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.”

disks noun US /dɪsks/

plural of “disk” — something with a round shape resembling a flat circular plate

From this reading “The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.”

governs verb US /ˈɡʌvərnz/

third-person singular of “govern” — bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations

From this reading “One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.”

inequality noun US /ˌɪnɪˈkwɑːləti/

lack of equality

From this reading “The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.”

organic adjective US /ɔːrˈɡænɪk/

relating or belonging to the class of chemical compounds having a carbon basis

From this reading “VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.”

ratio noun US /ˈreɪʃioʊ/

the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient)

From this reading “The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.”

similarity noun US /ˌsɪməˈlerəti/

the quality of being similar

From this reading “One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.”

tenths noun US /tenθs/

plural of “tenth” — a tenth part; one part in ten equal parts

From this reading “The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.”

All words in this reading · 110

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

100

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.

7,700

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The mean diameter of the earth is 7,918 miles; that of Venus is 7,700 miles.

7,918

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The mean diameter of the earth is 7,918 miles; that of Venus is 7,700 miles.

85

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

aboutprepositionUS /əˈbaʊt/

on the subject of; concerning

From this reading The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.

affordverbUS /əˈfɔːrd/

be able to spare or give up

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

animalnounUS /ˈænəməl/

a living organism characterized by voluntary movement

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

argumentsnounUS /ˈɑːrɡjəmənts/

plural of “argument” — a fact or assertion offered as evidence that something is true

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

assuredadjectiveUS /əˈʃʊrd/

marked by assurance; exhibiting confidence

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

basedadjectiveUS /beɪst/

having a base

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

bearingnounUS /ˈberɪŋ/

relevant relation or interconnection

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

becauseconjunctionUS /bɪˈkɔːz/

for the reason that

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

comeverbUS /kʌm/

move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

comparedverbUS /kəmˈperd/

past form of “compare” — examine and note the similarities or differences of

From this reading The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.

densitynounUS /ˈdensəti/

the amount per unit size

From this reading The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.

diameternounUS /daɪˈæmətər/

the length of a straight line passing through the center of a circle and connecting two points on the circumference

From this reading The mean diameter of the earth is 7,918 miles; that of Venus is 7,700 miles.

differencenounUS /ˈdɪfərəns/

the quality of being unlike or dissimilar

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

disksnounUS /dɪsks/

plural of “disk” — something with a round shape resembling a flat circular plate

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

distancenounUS /ˈdɪstəns/

the property created by the space between two objects or points

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

doesauxiliary verbUS /dʌz/

the form of “do” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

EARTHnounUS /ɜːrθ/

the 3rd planet from the sun; the planet we live on

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

essentialadjectiveUS /eˈsenʃəl/

absolutely necessary; vitally necessary

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

eyenounUS /aɪ/

the organ of sight

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

faradverbUS /fɑːr/

to a considerable degree; very much

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

forcenounUS /fɔːrs/

a powerful effect or influence

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

formsnounUS /fɔːrmz/

plural of “form” — the phonological or orthographic sound or appearance of a word that can be used to describe or identify something

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

fulladjectiveUS /fʊl/

containing as much or as many as is possible or normal

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

glanceverbUS /ɡlæns/

throw a glance at; take a brief look at

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

governsverbUS /ˈɡʌvərnz/

third-person singular of “govern” — bring into conformity with rules or principles or usage; impose regulations

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

gravitynounUS /ˈɡrævəti/

(physics) the force of attraction between all masses in the universe; especially the attraction of the earth's mass for bodies near its surface

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

importancenounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

inequalitynounUS /ˌɪnɪˈkwɑːləti/

lack of equality

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

likeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

meanverbUS /miːn/

mean or intend to express or convey

From this reading The mean diameter of the earth is 7,918 miles; that of Venus is 7,700 miles.

MercurynounUS /ˈmɜːrkjəri/

a heavy silvery toxic univalent and bivalent metallic element; the only metal that is liquid at ordinary temperatures

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

milesnounUS /maɪlz/

plural of “mile” — a unit of length equal to 1,760 yards or 5,280 feet; exactly 1609.344 meters

From this reading The mean diameter of the earth is 7,918 miles; that of Venus is 7,700 miles.

moonnounUS /muːn/

the natural satellite of the Earth

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

moreadjectiveUS /mɔːr/

(comparative of “much” used with mass nouns) a quantifier meaning greater in size or amount or extent or degree

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

muchadverbUS /mʌtʃ/

to a great degree or extent

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

ninenounUS /naɪn/

the cardinal number that is the sum of eight and one

From this reading The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

noticenounUS /ˈnoʊtəs/

an announcement containing information about an event

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

nowadverbUS /naʊ/

in the historical present; at this point in the narration of a series of past events

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

numberlessadjective

too numerous to be counted

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

OFprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

organicadjectiveUS /ɔːrˈɡænɪk/

relating or belonging to the class of chemical compounds having a carbon basis

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

ourspronounUS /ˈaʊərz/

the one or ones belonging to us

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

outlooknounUS /ˈaʊtlʊk/

a habitual or characteristic mental attitude that determines how you will interpret and respond to situations

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

phenomenanounUS /fəˈnɑːmənə/

plural of “phenomenon” — any state or process known through the senses rather than by intuition or reasoning

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

physicaladjectiveUS /ˈfɪzɪkəl/

involving the body as distinguished from the mind or spirit

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

planetnounUS /ˈplænət/

(astronomy) any of the nine large celestial bodies in the solar system that revolve around the sun and shine by reflected light

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

planetsnounUS /ˈplænəts/

plural of “planet” — (astronomy) any of the nine large celestial bodies in the solar system that revolve around the sun and shine by reflected light

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

practicallyadverbUS /ˈpræktɪkli/

almost; nearly

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

presencenounUS /ˈprezəns/

the state of being present; current existence

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

promisingadjectiveUS /ˈprɑːməsɪŋ/

showing possibility of achievement or excellence

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

rationounUS /ˈreɪʃioʊ/

the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient)

From this reading The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.

regardingverbUS /rɪˈɡɑːrdɪŋ/

-ing form of “regard” — deem to be

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

remarkableadjectiveUS /rɪˈmɑːrkəbəl/

unusual or striking

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

resemblancenounUS /rɪˈzembləns/

similarity in appearance or external or superficial details

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

resembledverbUS /rɪˈzembəld/

past form of “resemble” — appear like; be similar or bear a likeness to

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

sidenounUS /saɪd/

a place within a region identified relative to a center or reference location

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

similaritynounUS /ˌsɪməˈlerəti/

the quality of being similar

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

sizenounUS /saɪz/

the physical magnitude of something (how big it is)

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

skynounUS /skaɪ/

the atmosphere and outer space as viewed from the earth

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

slightnounUS /slaɪt/

a deliberate discourteous act (usually as an expression of anger or disapproval)

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

strongestadjectiveUS /ˈstrɔːŋɡəst/

superlative of “strong” — having strength or power greater than average or expected

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

surfacenounUS /ˈsɜːrfəs/

the outer boundary of an artifact or a material layer constituting or resembling such a boundary

From this reading The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.

suspendedadjectiveUS /səˈspendɪd/

(of undissolved particles in a fluid) supported or kept from sinking or falling by buoyancy and without apparent attachment

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

tenthsnounUS /tenθs/

plural of “tenth” — a tenth part; one part in ten equal parts

From this reading The mean density of Venus is about nine tenths of that of the earth, and the force of gravity upon its surface is in the ratio of about 85 to 100 as compared to its force on the surface of the earth.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

thusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

TWINnounUS /twɪn/

either of two offspring born at the same time from the same pregnancy

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

vegetablenounUS /ˈvedʒtəbəl/

edible seeds or roots or stems or leaves or bulbs or tubers or nonsweet fruits of any of numerous herbaceous plant

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

VENUSnounUS /ˈviːnəs/

the second nearest planet to the sun

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading VENUS, THE TWIN OF THE EARTH We come now to a planet which seems, at the first glance, to afford a far more promising outlook than Mercury does for the presence of organic life forms bearing some resemblance to those of the earth.

worldnounUS /wɜːrld/

everything that exists anywhere

From this reading One of the strongest arguments for regarding Venus as a world much like ours is based upon its remarkable similarity to the earth in size and mass, because thus we are assured that the force of gravity is practically the same upon the two planets, and the force of gravity governs numberless physical phenomena of essential importance to both animal and vegetable life.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading The difference is so slight that if the two planets were suspended side by side in the sky, at such a distance that their disks resembled that of the full moon, the eye would notice no inequality between them.

Chapter 3 of Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities by Garrett Putman Serviss holds 175 sentences, grouped into 35 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 3 of Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities contain?

Chapter 3 holds 175 sentences of Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities, unabridged, divided into 35 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 3 of Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities by Garrett Putman Serviss exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 175 sentences, grouped into 35 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 3 of Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities?

Work through the 35 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 35 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 3 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities

Common questions about reading Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities by Garrett Putman Serviss on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities?

Yes. All 1629 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #18431 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #18431, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities take to read?

About 135 minutes of reading across 326 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities

Words and structures a reader meets early in Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Introductory
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Other
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Worlds
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Inhabitants
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Other Worlds Their Nature, Possibilities; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.