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Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature
Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature is here in full — 45 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature
Context Illustration Reading 1/9 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.
Freedom first great possession; afterwards learning and culture.
Alfred a loyal Son of the Church.
Founder of English prose.
Earliest literature of a nation in verse; why.
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AI-generated narration by OpenAI · Slow US English
LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature

Chapter XII · Chapter 12

Chapter 12 of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature is here in full — 45 sentences across 9 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/9 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.
/kɪŋ ˈælfrəd fɜːrst ˈleɪmən tuː biː ə ɡreɪt ˈpaʊər ɪn ˈlɪtərətʃər mæn ʌv ˈækʃən ʌv θɔːt ʌv ˈendərəns/
Line 2
Freedom first great possession; afterwards learning and culture.
/ˈfriːdəm fɜːrst ɡreɪt pəˈzeʃən ˈæftərwərdz ˈlɜːrnɪŋ ənd ˈkʌltʃər/
Line 3
Alfred a loyal Son of the Church.
/ˈælfrəd ə ˈlɔɪəl sʌn ʌv ðə tʃɜːrtʃ/
Line 4
Founder of English prose.
/ˈfaʊndər ʌv ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ proʊz/
Line 5
Earliest literature of a nation in verse; why.
/ˈɜːrliəst ˈlɪtərətʃər ʌv ə ˈneɪʃən ɪn vɜːrs waɪ/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

Alfred noun US /ˈælfrəd/

king of Wessex; defeated the Vikings and encouraged writing in English (849-899)

From this reading “King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.”

culture noun US /ˈkʌltʃər/

a particular society at a particular time and place

From this reading “Freedom first great possession; afterwards learning and culture.”

Earliest adjective US /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading “Earliest literature of a nation in verse; why.”

endurance noun US /ˈendərəns/

the power to withstand hardship or stress

From this reading “King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.”

Founder noun US /ˈfaʊndər/

inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse

From this reading “Founder of English prose.”

layman noun US /ˈleɪmən/

someone who is not a clergyman or a professional person

From this reading “King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.”

loyal adjective US /ˈlɔɪəl/

steadfast in allegiance or duty

From this reading “Alfred a loyal Son of the Church.”

prose noun US /proʊz/

ordinary writing as distinguished from verse

From this reading “Founder of English prose.”

All words in this reading · 33

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

afterwardsadverbUS /ˈæftərwərdz/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading Freedom first great possession; afterwards learning and culture.

AlfrednounUS /ˈælfrəd/

king of Wessex; defeated the Vikings and encouraged writing in English (849-899)

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Freedom first great possession; afterwards learning and culture.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

ChurchnounUS /tʃɜːrtʃ/

one of the groups of Christians who have their own beliefs and forms of worship

From this reading Alfred a loyal Son of the Church.

culturenounUS /ˈkʌltʃər/

a particular society at a particular time and place

From this reading Freedom first great possession; afterwards learning and culture.

EarliestadjectiveUS /ˈɜːrliəst/

(comparative and superlative of “early”) more early than; most early

From this reading Earliest literature of a nation in verse; why.

endurancenounUS /ˈendərəns/

the power to withstand hardship or stress

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading Founder of English prose.

firstadjectiveUS /fɜːrst/

preceding all others in time or space or degree

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

FoundernounUS /ˈfaʊndər/

inflammation of the laminated tissue that attaches the hoof to the foot of a horse

From this reading Founder of English prose.

FreedomnounUS /ˈfriːdəm/

the condition of being free; the power to act or speak or think without externally imposed restraints

From this reading Freedom first great possession; afterwards learning and culture.

greatadjectiveUS /ɡreɪt/

relatively large in size or number or extent; larger than others of its kind

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

KingnounUS /kɪŋ/

a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

laymannounUS /ˈleɪmən/

someone who is not a clergyman or a professional person

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

learningnounUS /ˈlɜːrnɪŋ/

the cognitive process of acquiring skill or knowledge

From this reading Freedom first great possession; afterwards learning and culture.

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

loyaladjectiveUS /ˈlɔɪəl/

steadfast in allegiance or duty

From this reading Alfred a loyal Son of the Church.

mannounUS /mæn/

an adult person who is male (as opposed to a woman)

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

nationnounUS /ˈneɪʃən/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading Earliest literature of a nation in verse; why.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

possessionnounUS /pəˈzeʃən/

the act of having and controlling property

From this reading Freedom first great possession; afterwards learning and culture.

powernounUS /ˈpaʊər/

possession of controlling influence

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

prosenounUS /proʊz/

ordinary writing as distinguished from verse

From this reading Founder of English prose.

SonnounUS /sʌn/

a male human offspring

From this reading Alfred a loyal Son of the Church.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Alfred a loyal Son of the Church.

thoughtnounUS /θɔːt/

the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading King Alfred, first layman to be a great power in literature; man of action; of thought; of endurance.

versenounUS /vɜːrs/

literature in metrical form

From this reading Earliest literature of a nation in verse; why.

whynounUS /waɪ/

the cause or intention underlying an action or situation, especially in the phrase “the whys and wherefores”

From this reading Earliest literature of a nation in verse; why.

Chapter 12 of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature by Emily Henrietta Hickey holds 45 sentences, grouped into 9 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 12 of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature contain?

Chapter 12 holds 45 sentences of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature, unabridged, divided into 9 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 12 of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature by Emily Henrietta Hickey exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 45 sentences, grouped into 9 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 12 of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature?

Work through the 9 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 9 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 12 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 12 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature

Common questions about reading Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature by Emily Henrietta Hickey on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature?

Yes. All 980 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #16785 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #16785, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature take to read?

About 81 minutes of reading across 196 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature section by section

How to work through Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 22 chapters of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature

Words and structures a reader meets early in Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Alfred
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
First
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Layman
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Great
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Catholic Heritage in English Literature; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.