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Our Humble Helpers
Our Humble Helpers

Chapter XXXIII

Chapter 33 of Our Humble Helpers is here in full — 92 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/18 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.
But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.
To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.
The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.
“Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Our Humble Helpers

Chapter XXXIII

Chapter 33 of Our Humble Helpers is here in full — 92 sentences across 19 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/18 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.
Line 2
But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.
/bʌt priˈperd frʌm keɪˈsiːn əˈloʊn tʃiːz wʊd biː kɔːrs ənd ˈɔːlmoʊst ˈteɪstləs ənd wen draɪ wʊd bɪˈkʌm æz hɑːrd æz stoʊn/
Line 3
To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.
Line 4
The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.
/ðə keɪˈsiːn ˈfɜːrnɪʃɪz ðə meɪn ˈsʌbstəns ʌv ðə ˈprɑːdəkt waɪl ðə kriːm kənˈtrɪbjuːts wʌt maɪt biː kɔːld ðə ˈsiːzənɪŋ/
Line 5
“Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

casein noun US /keɪˈsiːn/

a milk protein used in making e.g. plastics and adhesives

From this reading “CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.”

constituent noun US /kənˈstɪtʃuːənt/

an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system

From this reading “CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.”

contributes verb US /kənˈtrɪbjuːts/

third-person singular of “contribute” — bestow a quality on

From this reading “The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.”

flavor noun US /ˈfleɪvər/

the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people

From this reading “To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.”

furnishes verb US /ˈfɜːrnɪʃɪz/

third-person singular of “furnish” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading “The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.”

rennet noun US /ˈrenət/

a substance that curdles milk in making cheese and junket

From this reading “CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.”

seasoning noun US /ˈsiːzənɪŋ/

something added to food primarily for the savor it imparts

From this reading “The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.”

tasteless adjective US /ˈteɪstləs/

lacking flavor

From this reading “But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.”

All words in this reading · 69

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

actionnounUS /ˈækʃən/

something done (usually as opposed to something said)

From this reading CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

aloneadjectiveUS /əˈloʊn/

Having no one else present.

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

becomeverbUS /bɪˈkʌm/

enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

ButconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.

caseinnounUS /keɪˈsiːn/

a milk protein used in making e.g. plastics and adhesives

From this reading CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.

CHEESEnounUS /tʃiːz/

a solid food prepared from the pressed curd of milk

From this reading CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.

chiefnounUS /tʃiːf/

a person who is in charge

From this reading CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.

coagulatedadjective

transformed from a liquid into a soft semisolid or solid mass

From this reading CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.

coarseadjectiveUS /kɔːrs/

of textures that are rough to the touch or substances consisting of relatively large particles

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

commonlyadverbUS /ˈkɑːmənli/

under normal conditions

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

constituentnounUS /kənˈstɪtʃuːənt/

an artifact that is one of the individual parts of which a composite entity is made up; especially a part that can be separated from or attached to a system

From this reading CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.

containsverbUS /kənˈteɪnz/

third-person singular of “contain” — include or contain; have as a component

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

contributesverbUS /kənˈtrɪbjuːts/

third-person singular of “contribute” — bestow a quality on

From this reading The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.

creamnounUS /kriːm/

the best people or things in a group

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

dryadjectiveUS /draɪ/

free from liquid or moisture; lacking natural or normal moisture or depleted of water; or no longer wet

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

flavornounUS /ˈfleɪvər/

the general atmosphere of a place or situation and the effect that it has on people

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

furnishesverbUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃɪz/

third-person singular of “furnish” — give something useful or necessary to

From this reading The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.

giveverbUS /ɡɪv/

cause to have, in the abstract sense or physical sense

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

HenceadverbUS /hens/

for this reason

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

mainadjectiveUS /meɪn/

most important element

From this reading The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

massnounUS /mæs/

the property of a body that causes it to have weight in a gravitational field

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.

milknounUS /mɪlk/

a white nutritious liquid secreted by mammals and used as food by human beings

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

onlyadverbUS /ˈoʊnli/

and nothing more

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

paste-like

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

preparedadjectiveUS /priˈperd/

made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

principalnounUS /ˈprɪnsəpəl/

the original amount of a debt on which interest is calculated

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

productnounUS /ˈprɑːdəkt/

commodities offered for sale

From this reading The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.

rennetnounUS /ˈrenət/

a substance that curdles milk in making cheese and junket

From this reading CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.

retainedadjectiveUS /rɪˈteɪnd/

continued in your keeping or use or memory

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

seasoningnounUS /ˈsiːzənɪŋ/

something added to food primarily for the savor it imparts

From this reading The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.

secondnounUS /ˈsekənd/

1/60 of a minute; the basic unit of time adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

stonenounUS /stoʊn/

a lump or mass of hard consolidated mineral matter

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

substancenounUS /ˈsʌbstəns/

the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists

From this reading The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

tastelessadjectiveUS /ˈteɪstləs/

lacking flavor

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

tendernessnounUS /ˈtendərnəs/

a tendency to express warm and affectionate feeling

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading CHEESE “The chief constituent of cheese is casein coagulated by the action of rennet.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

unskimmed

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading To give tenderness and flavor to the paste-like mass, the cream is commonly retained in milk used for making cheese.

varietiesnounUS /vərˈaɪətiz/

plural of “variety” — a collection containing a variety of sorts of things

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

wepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

whatpronounUS /wʌt/

used to ask for information about something

From this reading The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading The casein furnishes the main substance of the product, while the cream contributes what might be called the seasoning.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading “Hence we have two principal varieties of cheese: one, prepared with milk from which the cream has been taken, contains only casein; the second, made from unskimmed milk, contains both casein and cream.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading But, prepared from casein alone, cheese would be coarse and almost tasteless, and when dry would become as hard as stone.

Chapter 33 of Our Humble Helpers by Jean-Henri Fabre holds 92 sentences, grouped into 19 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 33 of Our Humble Helpers contain?

Chapter 33 holds 92 sentences of Our Humble Helpers, unabridged, divided into 19 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 33 of Our Humble Helpers by Jean-Henri Fabre exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 92 sentences, grouped into 19 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 33 of Our Humble Helpers?

Work through the 19 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 19 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 33 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

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Vocabulary met early in Our Humble Helpers

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Chapter 1
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Chapter 2
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Chapter 3
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