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Our Little Finnish Cousin
Our Little Finnish Cousin

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Our Little Finnish Cousin is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/24 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.
There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.
Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.
The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.
"Happily," he would always add, "that time is past.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Our Little Finnish Cousin

Chapter V

Chapter 5 of Our Little Finnish Cousin is here in full — 123 sentences across 25 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/24 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.
/skuːl skuːl ˈoʊpənd ˈleɪtər ðæt jɪr ðæn ˈjuːʒəwəl tuː læst ənˈtɪl dʒuːn/
Line 2
There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.
/ðer wɑːz tuː biː ə veɪˈkeɪʃən ʌv θriː wiːks æt ˈkrɪsməs wɪð æn əˈkeɪʒənəl wiːk ɪn bɪˈtwiːn æz wel æz ɑːn ˈspeʃəl deɪz/
Line 3
Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.
/tuː ˈlæŋɡwədʒəz wɜːr ˈstʌdid baɪ ɔːl ðə ˈtʃɪldrən ˈfɪnɪʃ ənd ˈswiːdɪʃ ˌɪnˈsted ʌv ˈfɪnɪʃ ənd ˈrʌʃən æz maɪt hæv bɪn ɪkˈspektəd frʌm ˈfɪnləndz kəˈnekʃən wɪð ˈrʌʃə/
Line 4
The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.
/ðə ˈtiːtʃər toʊld ðə ˈtʃɪldrən ðæt ðer hæd bɪn ə taɪm wen ɔːl ˈskuːlɪŋ wɑːz ˈswiːdɪʃ ðə ˈfɪnɪʃ tʌŋ ˈbiːɪŋ kənˈsɪdərd tuː ˈʌnˈkuːθ fɔːr ˈkʌltʃər/
Line 5
"Happily," he would always add, "that time is past.
/ˈhæpəli hiː wʊd ˈɔːlweɪz æd ðæt taɪm ɪz pæst/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

culture noun US /ˈkʌltʃər/

a particular society at a particular time and place

From this reading “The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.”

Finland's noun US /ˈfɪnləndz/

possessive form of “finland” — republic in northern Europe; achieved independence from Russia in 1917

From this reading “Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.”

Finnish noun US /ˈfɪnɪʃ/

the official language of Finland; belongs to the Baltic Finnic family of languages

From this reading “Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.”

languages noun US /ˈlæŋɡwədʒəz/

plural of “language” — a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading “Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.”

schooling noun US /ˈskuːlɪŋ/

the act of teaching at school

From this reading “The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.”

Swedish adjective US /ˈswiːdɪʃ/

of or relating to or characteristic of Sweden or its people or culture or language

From this reading “Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.”

uncouth adjective US /ˈʌnˈkuːθ/

lacking refinement or cultivation or taste

From this reading “The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.”

vacation noun US /veɪˈkeɪʃən/

leisure time away from work devoted to rest or pleasure

From this reading “There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

three weeks noun + noun counted as “three week”

In this reading “There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.”

All words in this reading · 73

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

addverbUS /æd/

make an addition (to); join or combine or unite with others; increase the quality, quantity, size or scope of

From this reading "Happily," he would always add, "that time is past.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

alwaysadverbUS /ˈɔːlweɪz/

at all times; all the time and on every occasion

From this reading "Happily," he would always add, "that time is past.

andeterminerUS /æn/

the form of “a” used before a word that begins with a vowel sound

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

beingauxiliary verbUS /ˈbiːɪŋ/

the -ing form of “be”

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

betweenprepositionUS /bɪˈtwiːn/

in the space, time, or range separating two things

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

ChristmasnounUS /ˈkrɪsməs/

period extending from Dec. 24 to Jan. 6

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

connectionnounUS /kəˈnekʃən/

a relation between things or events (as in the case of one causing the other or sharing features with it)

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

consideredadjectiveUS /kənˈsɪdərd/

carefully weighed

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

culturenounUS /ˈkʌltʃər/

a particular society at a particular time and place

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

expectedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈspektəd/

considered likely or probable to happen or arrive

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

Finland'snounUS /ˈfɪnləndz/

possessive form of “finland” — republic in northern Europe; achieved independence from Russia in 1917

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

FinnishnounUS /ˈfɪnɪʃ/

the official language of Finland; belongs to the Baltic Finnic family of languages

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

HappilyadverbUS /ˈhæpəli/

in a joyous manner

From this reading "Happily," he would always add, "that time is past.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading "Happily," he would always add, "that time is past.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

insteadadverbUS /ˌɪnˈsted/

in place of, or as an alternative to

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading "Happily," he would always add, "that time is past.

JunenounUS /dʒuːn/

the month following May and preceding July

From this reading SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.

languagesnounUS /ˈlæŋɡwədʒəz/

plural of “language” — a systematic means of communicating by the use of sounds or conventional symbols

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.

lateradverbUS /ˈleɪtər/

happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

From this reading SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.

mightmodal verbUS /maɪt/

used to say something is possible but not certain

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

occasionaladjectiveUS /əˈkeɪʒənəl/

occurring from time to time

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

onprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

openedadjectiveUS /ˈoʊpənd/

used of mouth or eyes

From this reading SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.

pastnounUS /pæst/

the time that has elapsed

From this reading "Happily," he would always add, "that time is past.

RussianounUS /ˈrʌʃə/

a former communist country in eastern Europe and northern Asia; established in 1922; included Russia and 14 other soviet socialist republics (Ukraine and Byelorussia and others); officially dissolved 31 December 1991

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

RussiannounUS /ˈrʌʃən/

a native or inhabitant of Russia

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

SCHOOLnounUS /skuːl/

an educational institution

From this reading SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.

schoolingnounUS /ˈskuːlɪŋ/

the act of teaching at school

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

specialadjectiveUS /ˈspeʃəl/

unique or specific to a person or thing or category

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

studiedadjectiveUS /ˈstʌdid/

produced or marked by conscious design or premeditation

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

SwedishadjectiveUS /ˈswiːdɪʃ/

of or relating to or characteristic of Sweden or its people or culture or language

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

teachernounUS /ˈtiːtʃər/

a person whose occupation is teaching

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

threenounUS /θriː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one and one

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

timenounUS /taɪm/

an instance or single occasion for some event

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.

toldverbUS /toʊld/

inflected form of “tell” — express in words

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

tonguenounUS /tʌŋ/

a mobile mass of muscular tissue covered with mucous membrane and located in the oral cavity

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

TwonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

uncouthadjectiveUS /ˈʌnˈkuːθ/

lacking refinement or cultivation or taste

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.

usualadjectiveUS /ˈjuːʒəwəl/

occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure

From this reading SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.

vacationnounUS /veɪˈkeɪʃən/

leisure time away from work devoted to rest or pleasure

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

weeknounUS /wiːk/

any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

weeksnounUS /wiːks/

plural of “week” — any period of seven consecutive days

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

welladverbUS /wel/

(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (“good” is a nonstandard dialectal variant for “well”)

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading Two languages were studied by all the children, Finnish and Swedish instead of Finnish and Russian as might have been expected from Finland's connection with Russia.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading The teacher told the children that there had been a time when all schooling was Swedish, the Finnish tongue being considered too uncouth for culture.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading There was to be a vacation of three weeks at Christmas with an occasional week in between, as well as on special days.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading "Happily," he would always add, "that time is past.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading SCHOOL SCHOOL opened later that year than usual, to last until June.

Chapter 5 of Our Little Finnish Cousin by Clara Vostrovsky Winlow holds 123 sentences, grouped into 25 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 5 of Our Little Finnish Cousin contain?

Chapter 5 holds 123 sentences of Our Little Finnish Cousin, unabridged, divided into 25 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 5 of Our Little Finnish Cousin by Clara Vostrovsky Winlow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 123 sentences, grouped into 25 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 5 of Our Little Finnish Cousin?

Work through the 25 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 25 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 5 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 5 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Our Little Finnish Cousin

Common questions about reading Our Little Finnish Cousin by Clara Vostrovsky Winlow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Our Little Finnish Cousin?

Yes. All 966 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43426 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Our Little Finnish Cousin is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43426, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Our Little Finnish Cousin take to read?

About 80 minutes of reading across 194 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Our Little Finnish Cousin section by section

How to work through Our Little Finnish Cousin section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 8 chapters of Our Little Finnish Cousin to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Our Little Finnish Cousin

Words and structures a reader meets early in Our Little Finnish Cousin, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Cloth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Finnish Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Decorative
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Finnish Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Illustrated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Finnish Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Laura
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Finnish Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.