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Our Little Polish Cousin
Our Little Polish Cousin

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Our Little Polish Cousin is here in full — 70 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/14 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.
Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.
Such a clatter and racket as there was!
One would almost imagine himself back in the days of post-horses and outriders.
There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Our Little Polish Cousin

Chapter VII

Chapter 7 of Our Little Polish Cousin is here in full — 70 sentences across 14 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/14 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.
Line 2
Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.
Line 3
Such a clatter and racket as there was!
/sʌtʃ ə ˈklætər ənd ˈrækɪt æz ðer wɑːz/
Line 4
One would almost imagine himself back in the days of post-horses and outriders.
Line 5
There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

clatter noun US /ˈklætər/

a rattling noise (often produced by rapid movement)

From this reading “THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.”

Easter noun US /ˈiːstər/

a Christian celebration of the Resurrection of Christ; celebrated on the Sunday following the first full moon after the vernal equinox

From this reading “THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.”

outriders noun US /ˈaʊtraɪdərz/

plural of “outrider” — an escort who rides ahead (as a member of the vanguard)

From this reading “One would almost imagine himself back in the days of post-horses and outriders.”

overlooking adjective US /ˈoʊvərlʊkɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading “Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.”

racket noun US /ˈrækɪt/

a loud and disturbing noise

From this reading “Such a clatter and racket as there was!”

slick noun US /slɪk/

a slippery smoothness

From this reading “There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.”

stamping verb US /ˈstæmpɪŋ/

-ing form of “stamp” — walk heavily

From this reading “There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.”

strenuously adverb US /ˈstrenjuːəsli/

in a strenuous manner; strongly or vigorously

From this reading “There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

gayly dressed adverb + adjective

In this reading “There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.”

few days adjective + noun

In this reading “THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.”

jumped up verb + adjective counted as “jump up”

In this reading “Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.”

front window noun + noun

In this reading “Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.”

in the library preposition + article + noun counted as “in … library”

In this reading “THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Such a clatter and racket as there was!

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

almostadverbUS /ˈɔːlmoʊst/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading One would almost imagine himself back in the days of post-horses and outriders.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading Such a clatter and racket as there was!

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading One would almost imagine himself back in the days of post-horses and outriders.

carriagenounUS /ˈkærɪdʒ/

a railcar where passengers ride

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

chairnounUS /tʃer/

a seat for one person, with a support for the back

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

childrennounUS /ˈtʃɪldrən/

plural of “child” — a young person of either sex

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

clatternounUS /ˈklætər/

a rattling noise (often produced by rapid movement)

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

coververbUS /ˈkʌvər/

provide with a covering or cause to be covered

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

dwór

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

EasternounUS /ˈiːstər/

a Christian celebration of the Resurrection of Christ; celebrated on the Sunday following the first full moon after the vernal equinox

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

entrancenounUS /ˈentrəns/

something that provides access (to get in or get out)

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

entrance-porch

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

feetnounUS /fiːt/

plural of “foot” — the part of the leg of a human being below the ankle joint

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

fleetnounUS /fliːt/

group of aircraft operating together under the same ownership

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

fournounUS /fɔːr/

the cardinal number that is the sum of three and one

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

frontnounUS /frʌnt/

the side that is forward or prominent

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

gaylyadverb

in a joyous manner

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

hardadjectiveUS /hɑːrd/

not easy; requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

heardadjectiveUS /hɜːrd/

detected or perceived by the sense of hearing

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

himselfpronounUS /hɪmˈself/

used when the man or boy doing the action is also its object

From this reading One would almost imagine himself back in the days of post-horses and outriders.

hoofsnounUS /hʊfs/

plural of “hoof” — the foot of an ungulate mammal

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

horsesnounUS /ˈhɔːrsəz/

plural of “horse” — solid-hoofed herbivorous quadruped domesticated since prehistoric times

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading One would almost imagine himself back in the days of post-horses and outriders.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

jumpedverbUS /dʒʌmpt/

past form of “jump” — move forward by leaps and bounds

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

librarynounUS /ˈlaɪbreriː/

a room where books are kept

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

Marya

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

mostadverbUS /moʊst/

used to form the superlative

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

mothernounUS /ˈmʌðər/

a woman who has given birth to a child (also used as a term of address to your mother)

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

neighing

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

OnepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading One would almost imagine himself back in the days of post-horses and outriders.

outridersnounUS /ˈaʊtraɪdərz/

plural of “outrider” — an escort who rides ahead (as a member of the vanguard)

From this reading One would almost imagine himself back in the days of post-horses and outriders.

overlookingadjectiveUS /ˈoʊvərlʊkɪŋ/

used of a height or viewpoint

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

peasantsnounUS /ˈpezənts/

plural of “peasant” — a country person

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

post-horses

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading One would almost imagine himself back in the days of post-horses and outriders.

proudlyadverbUS /ˈpraʊdli/

with pride; in a proud manner

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

racketnounUS /ˈrækɪt/

a loud and disturbing noise

From this reading Such a clatter and racket as there was!

ranverbUS /ræn/

inflected form of “run” — move fast by using one's feet, with one foot off the ground at any given time

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

roadnounUS /roʊd/

an open way (generally public) for travel or transportation

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

seatedadjectiveUS /ˈsiːtɪd/

(of persons) having the torso erect and legs bent with the body supported on the buttocks

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

slicknounUS /slɪk/

a slippery smoothness

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

SOMEadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

stampingverbUS /ˈstæmpɪŋ/

-ing form of “stamp” — walk heavily

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

stepsnounUS /steps/

a flight of stairs or a flight of steps

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

strenuouslyadverbUS /ˈstrenjuːəsli/

in a strenuous manner; strongly or vigorously

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

SuchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Such a clatter and racket as there was!

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Such a clatter and racket as there was!

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

underprepositionUS /ˈʌndər/

below or beneath something; less than

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

VILLAGEnounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

WEDDINGnounUS /ˈwedɪŋ/

the social event at which the ceremony of marriage is performed

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

windownounUS /ˈwɪndoʊ/

a framework of wood or metal that contains a glass windowpane and is built into a wall or roof to admit light or air

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Marya jumped up from her chair and ran, with fleet steps, to the front window overlooking the entrance-porch.

withoutprepositionUS /wɪˈθaʊt/

not having, not using, or not accompanied by

From this reading THE VILLAGE WEDDING SOME few days after Easter, while the children at the dwór were reading to their mother in the library, the clatter of hoofs was heard upon the hard road without.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading One would almost imagine himself back in the days of post-horses and outriders.

youngadjectiveUS /jʌŋ/

(used of living things especially persons) in an early period of life or development or growth

From this reading There, under cover of the carriage entrance, were four gayly dressed young peasants, proudly seated upon slick horses, who were stamping their feet and neighing most strenuously.

Chapter 7 of Our Little Polish Cousin by Florence Emma Voigt Mendel holds 70 sentences, grouped into 14 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Our Little Polish Cousin contain?

Chapter 7 holds 70 sentences of Our Little Polish Cousin, unabridged, divided into 14 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Our Little Polish Cousin by Florence Emma Voigt Mendel exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 70 sentences, grouped into 14 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Our Little Polish Cousin?

Work through the 14 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 14 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 7 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Our Little Polish Cousin

Common questions about reading Our Little Polish Cousin by Florence Emma Voigt Mendel on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Our Little Polish Cousin?

Yes. All 1177 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43513 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Our Little Polish Cousin is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43513, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Our Little Polish Cousin take to read?

About 98 minutes of reading across 236 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Our Little Polish Cousin section by section

How to work through Our Little Polish Cousin section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 10 chapters of Our Little Polish Cousin to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Our Little Polish Cousin

Words and structures a reader meets early in Our Little Polish Cousin, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Polish Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Illustrated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Polish Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Full-page
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Polish Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Plates
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Polish Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.