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Our Little Roumanian Cousin
Our Little Roumanian Cousin

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Our Little Roumanian Cousin is here in full — 58 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Our Little Roumanian Cousin
Context Illustration Reading 1/11 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
IN THE CARPATHIANS "I feel as free as a bird!"
Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.
Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.
His very shoes were the same, for the boys had fashioned both pair together.
They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Our Little Roumanian Cousin

Chapter XI

Chapter 11 of Our Little Roumanian Cousin is here in full — 58 sentences across 12 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/11 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
IN THE CARPATHIANS "I feel as free as a bird!"
Line 2
Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.
Line 3
Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.
/laɪk hɪz frend hiː wɑːz drest ɪn ˈtɪpəkəl ˈʃepərd kɑːˈstuːm kənˈsɪstɪŋ ʌv ə kɔːrs waɪt ˈlɪnən ʃɜːrt ənd ˈtraʊzərz ə lɔːŋ ˈmæntəl ʌv ˈveri ˈhevi wʊl ənd ə streɪt raʊnd ˈʃiːpskɪn kæp/
Line 4
His very shoes were the same, for the boys had fashioned both pair together.
/hɪz ˈveri ʃuːz wɜːr ðə seɪm fɔːr ðə bɔɪz hæd ˈfæʃənd boʊθ per təˈɡeðər/
Line 5
They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

ankles noun US /ˈæŋkəlz/

plural of “ankle” — a gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus

From this reading “They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.”

exclaiming noun US /ɪkˈskleɪmɪŋ/

an abrupt excited utterance

From this reading “Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.”

fashioned adjective US /ˈfæʃənd/

planned and made or fashioned artistically

From this reading “His very shoes were the same, for the boys had fashioned both pair together.”

pleats noun US /pliːts/

plural of “pleat” — any of various types of fold formed by doubling fabric back upon itself and then pressing or stitching into shape

From this reading “They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.”

sheepskin noun US /ˈʃiːpskɪn/

tanned skin of a sheep with the fleece left on; used for clothing

From this reading “Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.”

soaked adjective US /soʊkt/

very drunk

From this reading “They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.”

thong noun US /θɔːŋ/

leather strip that forms the flexible part of a whip

From this reading “They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.”

typical adjective US /ˈtɪpəkəl/

exhibiting the qualities or characteristics that identify a group or kind or category

From this reading “Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

linen shirt noun + noun

In this reading “Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.”

white linen noun + noun

In this reading “Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.”

help exclaiming verb + noun

In this reading “Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.”

by means preposition + noun

In this reading “They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.”

consisting of verb + particle counted as “consist of”

In this reading “Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.”

All words in this reading · 84

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading IN THE CARPATHIANS "I feel as free as a bird!"

actuallyadverbUS /ˈæktʃuːəli/

in actual fact

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

anklesnounUS /ˈæŋkəlz/

plural of “ankle” — a gliding joint between the distal ends of the tibia and fibula and the proximal end of the talus

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading IN THE CARPATHIANS "I feel as free as a bird!"

beenauxiliary verbUS /bɪn/

the past participle of “be”

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

birdnounUS /bɜːrd/

warm-blooded egg-laying vertebrates characterized by feathers and forelimbs modified as wings

From this reading IN THE CARPATHIANS "I feel as free as a bird!"

bitsnounUS /bɪts/

plural of “bit” — a small piece or quantity of something

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

bothdeterminerUS /boʊθ/

the two together, not just one

From this reading His very shoes were the same, for the boys had fashioned both pair together.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading His very shoes were the same, for the boys had fashioned both pair together.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

capnounUS /kæp/

a tight-fitting headdress

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

Carpathian

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

CARPATHIANSnoun

a mountain range in central Europe that extends from Slovakia and southern Poland southeastward through western Ukraine to northeastern Romania; a popular resort area

From this reading IN THE CARPATHIANS "I feel as free as a bird!"

coarseadjectiveUS /kɔːrs/

of textures that are rough to the touch or substances consisting of relatively large particles

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

consistingverbUS /kənˈsɪstɪŋ/

-ing form of “consist” — originate

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

costumenounUS /kɑːˈstuːm/

the attire worn in a play or at a fancy dress ball

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

couldmodal verbUS /kʊd/

the past of “can”; used for possibility or polite requests

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

exclaimingnounUS /ɪkˈskleɪmɪŋ/

an abrupt excited utterance

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

fashionedadjectiveUS /ˈfæʃənd/

planned and made or fashioned artistically

From this reading His very shoes were the same, for the boys had fashioned both pair together.

feelverbUS /fiːl/

undergo an emotional sensation or be in a particular state of mind

From this reading IN THE CARPATHIANS "I feel as free as a bird!"

flocksnounUS /flɑːks/

plural of “flock” — a church congregation guided by a pastor

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

freeverbUS /friː/

grant freedom to; free from confinement

From this reading IN THE CARPATHIANS "I feel as free as a bird!"

friendnounUS /frend/

a person you know well and regard with affection and trust

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

gatheredadjectiveUS /ˈɡæðərd/

brought together in one place

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

goatskinnoun

the hide of a goat

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

heavyadjectiveUS /ˈhevi/

of comparatively great physical weight or density

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

heldadjectiveUS /held/

occupied or in the control of; often used in combination

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading IN THE CARPATHIANS "I feel as free as a bird!"

INprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading IN THE CARPATHIANS "I feel as free as a bird!"

intoprepositionUS /ˈɪntuː/

moving to the inside of something

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

Jonitza

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

LikeverbUS /laɪk/

prefer or wish to do something

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

linennounUS /ˈlɪnən/

a fabric woven with fibers from the flax plant

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

longadjectiveUS /lɔːŋ/

primarily temporal sense; being or indicating a relatively great or greater than average duration or passage of time or a duration as specified

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

madeadjectiveUS /meɪd/

produced by a manufacturing process

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

mantlenounUS /ˈmæntəl/

the cloak as a symbol of authority

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

mountainsnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

notadverbUS /nɑːt/

used to make a word, phrase, or sentence negative

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

overprepositionUS /ˈoʊvər/

above and across; more than

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

pairnounUS /per/

a set of two similar things considered as a unit

From this reading His very shoes were the same, for the boys had fashioned both pair together.

piecesnounUS /ˈpiːsəz/

plural of “piece” — a separate part of a whole

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

placenounUS /pleɪs/

a point located with respect to surface features of some region

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

pleatsnounUS /pliːts/

plural of “pleat” — any of various types of fold formed by doubling fabric back upon itself and then pressing or stitching into shape

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

roundnounUS /raʊnd/

a charge of ammunition for a single shot

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

sameadjectiveUS /seɪm/

Identical; not different.

From this reading His very shoes were the same, for the boys had fashioned both pair together.

securelyadverbUS /sɪˈkjʊrli/

in a secure manner; in a manner free from danger

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

sheepskinnounUS /ˈʃiːpskɪn/

tanned skin of a sheep with the fleece left on; used for clothing

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

shepherdnounUS /ˈʃepərd/

a clergyman who watches over a group of people

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

shirtnounUS /ʃɜːrt/

a garment worn on the upper half of the body

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

shoesnounUS /ʃuːz/

a particular situation

From this reading His very shoes were the same, for the boys had fashioned both pair together.

soakedadjectiveUS /soʊkt/

very drunk

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

softadjectiveUS /sɑːft/

yielding readily to pressure or weight

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

straightadjectiveUS /streɪt/

successive (without a break)

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading IN THE CARPATHIANS "I feel as free as a bird!"

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

thongnounUS /θɔːŋ/

leather strip that forms the flexible part of a whip

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

thongs

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading His very shoes were the same, for the boys had fashioned both pair together.

trousersnounUS /ˈtraʊzərz/

(usually in the plural) a garment extending from the waist to the knee or ankle, covering each leg separately

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

typicaladjectiveUS /ˈtɪpəkəl/

exhibiting the qualities or characteristics that identify a group or kind or category

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

untilprepositionUS /ənˈtɪl/

up to a particular time

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

veryadjectiveUS /ˈveri/

precisely as stated

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

waternounUS /ˈwɔːtər/

binary compound that occurs at room temperature as a clear colorless odorless tasteless liquid; freezes into ice below 0 degrees centigrade and boils above 100 degrees centigrade; widely used as a solvent

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading His very shoes were the same, for the boys had fashioned both pair together.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

whileconjunctionUS /waɪl/

during the time that

From this reading They were made of pieces of goatskin that had been soaked in water until soft, gathered into pleats by means of thongs over the ankles, while other bits of thong held them securely in place.

whitenounUS /waɪt/

a Caucasian

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Jonitza could not help exclaiming when they had actually started with their flocks for the Carpathian mountains.

woolnounUS /wʊl/

a fabric made from the hair of sheep

From this reading Like his friend, he was dressed in typical shepherd costume, consisting of a coarse white linen shirt and trousers, a long mantle of very heavy wool, and a straight round sheepskin cap.

Chapter 11 of Our Little Roumanian Cousin by Clara Vostrovsky Winlow holds 58 sentences, grouped into 12 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 11 of Our Little Roumanian Cousin contain?

Chapter 11 holds 58 sentences of Our Little Roumanian Cousin, unabridged, divided into 12 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 11 of Our Little Roumanian Cousin by Clara Vostrovsky Winlow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 58 sentences, grouped into 12 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 11 of Our Little Roumanian Cousin?

Work through the 12 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 12 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 11 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 11 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Our Little Roumanian Cousin

Common questions about reading Our Little Roumanian Cousin by Clara Vostrovsky Winlow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Our Little Roumanian Cousin?

Yes. All 1064 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43637 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Our Little Roumanian Cousin is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43637, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Our Little Roumanian Cousin take to read?

About 88 minutes of reading across 213 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Our Little Roumanian Cousin section by section

How to work through Our Little Roumanian Cousin section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Our Little Roumanian Cousin to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Our Little Roumanian Cousin

Words and structures a reader meets early in Our Little Roumanian Cousin, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Roumanian Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Illustrated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Roumanian Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Plates
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Roumanian Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cloth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Roumanian Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.