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Our Little Roumanian Cousin
Our Little Roumanian Cousin

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Our Little Roumanian Cousin is here in full — 75 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/15 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.
It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.
At last September came.
This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.
The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Our Little Roumanian Cousin

Chapter XIII

Chapter 13 of Our Little Roumanian Cousin is here in full — 75 sentences across 15 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/15 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.
Line 2
It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.
/ɪt wɑːz ˈloʊnli tuː fɔːr ˈæftər ðə bɔɪz bɪˈkeɪm juːzd tuː ðə wɜːrk ˈiːvɪn ðə nuːn miːlz təˈɡeðər bɪˈkeɪm ˈrerər ənd səmˈtaɪmz ˈsevrəl deɪz pæst wɪð noʊ ˈʌðər kəˌmjuːnəˈkeɪʃən ðæn ə fjuː kɔːlz tuː iːtʃ ˈʌðər/
Line 3
At last September came.
/æt læst sepˈtembər keɪm/
Line 4
This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.
/ðɪs ɪz ðə mʌnθ wen ðə ˈhɜːrdzmɪn teɪk ðer ʃiːp əˈɡen tuː ðə ˈvæliz/
Line 5
The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.
/ðə ˈdɑːŋki wɑːz ˈleɪdən wɪð ˈtʃiːzɪz ʌv ʃiːps mɪlk ənd ðə bɔɪz ˈfɑːloʊd ðə prəˈseʃən bæk tuː ðə ˈvɪlədʒ frʌm wɪtʃ ðeɪ hæd ˈstɑːrtɪd/

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

cheeses noun US /ˈtʃiːzɪz/

plural of “cheese” — a solid food prepared from the pressed curd of milk

From this reading “The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.”

donkey noun US /ˈdɑːŋki/

the symbol of the Democratic Party; introduced in cartoons by Thomas Nast in 1874

From this reading “The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.”

herdsmen noun US /ˈhɜːrdzmɪn/

plural of “herdsman” — someone who drives a herd

From this reading “This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.”

laden adjective US /ˈleɪdən/

filled with a great quantity

From this reading “The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.”

monotonous adjective US /məˈnɑːtənəs/

tediously repetitious or lacking in variety

From this reading “LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.”

rarer adjective US /ˈrerər/

comparative of “rare” — not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness

From this reading “It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.”

sheep's noun US /ʃiːps/

possessive form of “sheep” — woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading “The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.”

valleys noun US /ˈvæliz/

plural of “valley” — a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading “This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.”

Word partnerships in these lines

English keeps certain words together, and knowing the pair is worth more than knowing each word alone. Every partnership below was counted across our whole published library, and earns its place by appearing far more often than two unrelated words of the same frequency would.

Shown as this reading writes them, with the form the library counts, what kind of pairing it is, and how often it occurs.

several days adjective + noun

In this reading “It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.”

noon meals noun + noun counted as “noon meal”

In this reading “It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.”

at the end preposition + article + noun counted as “at … end”

In this reading “LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.”

All words in this reading · 75

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

againadverbUS /əˈɡen/

anew

From this reading This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

backadverbUS /bæk/

in or to or toward a former location

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

becameverbUS /bɪˈkeɪm/

inflected form of “become” — enter or assume a certain state or condition

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

beganverbUS /bɪˈɡæn/

inflected form of “begin” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

boysnounUS /bɔɪz/

plural of “boy” — a youthful male person

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

callsnounUS /kɔːlz/

plural of “call” — a telephone connection

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

cameverbUS /keɪm/

inflected form of “come” — move toward, travel toward something or somebody or approach something or somebody

From this reading At last September came.

cheesesnounUS /ˈtʃiːzɪz/

plural of “cheese” — a solid food prepared from the pressed curd of milk

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

communicationnounUS /kəˌmjuːnəˈkeɪʃən/

the activity of communicating; the activity of conveying information

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

daysnounUS /deɪz/

the time during which someone's life continues

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

donkeynounUS /ˈdɑːŋki/

the symbol of the Democratic Party; introduced in cartoons by Thomas Nast in 1874

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

eachdeterminerUS /iːtʃ/

every one of two or more people or things, taken separately

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

endnounUS /end/

either extremity of something that has length

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

evenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

exceedinglyadverbUS /ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli/

to an extreme degree

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

followedverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊd/

past form of “follow” — to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

growverbUS /ɡroʊ/

pass into a condition gradually, take on a specific property or attribute; become

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

healthyadjectiveUS /ˈhelθi/

having or indicating good health in body or mind; free from infirmity or disease

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

herdsmennounUS /ˈhɜːrdzmɪn/

plural of “herdsman” — someone who drives a herd

From this reading This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

isauxiliary verbUS /ɪz/

the form of “be” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.

ItpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

ladenadjectiveUS /ˈleɪdən/

filled with a great quantity

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading At last September came.

LEAVINGnounUS /ˈliːvɪŋ/

the act of departing

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

lifenounUS /laɪf/

a characteristic state or mode of living

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

lonelyadjectiveUS /ˈloʊnli/

lacking companions or companionship

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

mealsnounUS /miːlz/

plural of “meal” — the food served and eaten at one time

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

milknounUS /mɪlk/

a white nutritious liquid secreted by mammals and used as food by human beings

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

monotonousadjectiveUS /məˈnɑːtənəs/

tediously repetitious or lacking in variety

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

monthnounUS /mʌnθ/

one of the twelve divisions of the calendar year

From this reading This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.

MOUNTAINSnounUS /ˈmaʊntənz/

plural of “mountain” — a land mass that projects well above its surroundings; higher than a hill

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

noonnounUS /nuːn/

the middle of the day

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

otheradjectiveUS /ˈʌðər/

not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

out-of-dooradjective

located, suited for, or taking place in the open air

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

passedverbUS /pæst/

past form of “pass” — go across or through

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

processionnounUS /prəˈseʃən/

(theology) the origination of the Holy Spirit at Pentecost

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

rareradjectiveUS /ˈrerər/

comparative of “rare” — not widely known; especially valued for its uncommonness

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

SeptembernounUS /sepˈtembər/

the month following August and preceding October

From this reading At last September came.

severaladjectiveUS /ˈsevrəl/

(used with count nouns) of an indefinite number more than 2 or 3 but not many

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

sheepnounUS /ʃiːp/

woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.

sheep'snounUS /ʃiːps/

possessive form of “sheep” — woolly usually horned ruminant mammal related to the goat

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

slowlyadverbUS /ˈsloʊli/

without speed (“slow” is sometimes used informally for “slowly”)

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

sometimesadverbUS /səmˈtaɪmz/

on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

startedverbUS /ˈstɑːrtɪd/

past form of “start” — take the first step or steps in carrying out an action

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

summernounUS /ˈsʌmər/

the warmest season of the year; in the northern hemisphere it extends from the summer solstice to the autumnal equinox

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

takeverbUS /teɪk/

carry out

From this reading This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

THEdeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

ThisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading LEAVING THE MOUNTAINS Thus the summer slowly passed in healthy out-of-door life that began to grow exceedingly monotonous at the end.

togetheradverbUS /təˈɡeðər/

in contact with each other or in proximity

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

usedadjectiveUS /juːzd/

employed in accomplishing something

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

valleysnounUS /ˈvæliz/

plural of “valley” — a long depression in the surface of the land that usually contains a river

From this reading This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.

villagenounUS /ˈvɪlədʒ/

a community of people smaller than a town

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading This is the month when the herdsmen take their sheep again to the valleys.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading The donkey was laden with cheeses of sheep's milk, and the boys followed the procession back to the village from which they had started.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

workverbUS /wɜːrk/

exert oneself by doing mental or physical work for a purpose or out of necessity

From this reading It was lonely, too, for after the boys became used to the work even the noon meals together became rarer, and sometimes several days passed with no other communication than a few calls to each other.

Chapter 13 of Our Little Roumanian Cousin by Clara Vostrovsky Winlow holds 75 sentences, grouped into 15 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 13 of Our Little Roumanian Cousin contain?

Chapter 13 holds 75 sentences of Our Little Roumanian Cousin, unabridged, divided into 15 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 13 of Our Little Roumanian Cousin by Clara Vostrovsky Winlow exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 75 sentences, grouped into 15 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 13 of Our Little Roumanian Cousin?

Work through the 15 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 15 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 13 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 13 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Our Little Roumanian Cousin

Common questions about reading Our Little Roumanian Cousin by Clara Vostrovsky Winlow on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Our Little Roumanian Cousin?

Yes. All 1064 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #43637 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Our Little Roumanian Cousin is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #43637, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Our Little Roumanian Cousin take to read?

About 88 minutes of reading across 213 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Our Little Roumanian Cousin section by section

How to work through Our Little Roumanian Cousin section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 17 chapters of Our Little Roumanian Cousin to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Our Little Roumanian Cousin

Words and structures a reader meets early in Our Little Roumanian Cousin, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Volume
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Roumanian Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Illustrated
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Roumanian Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Plates
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Roumanian Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Cloth
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Little Roumanian Cousin; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.