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Our Nig
Our Nig

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Our Nig is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 7/20 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.
Thus she lived for years, hugging her wrongs, but making no effort to escape.
She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.
Every year her melancholy increased, her means diminished.
At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Our Nig

Chapter I · Chapter 1

Chapter 1 of Our Nig is here in full — 103 sentences across 21 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 7/20 · 5 reading units · Lines 31–35

Line 1
Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.
Line 2
Thus she lived for years, hugging her wrongs, but making no effort to escape.
/ðʌs ʃiː lɪvd fɔːr jɪrz ˈhʌɡɪŋ hɜːr rɔːŋz bʌt ˈmeɪkɪŋ noʊ ˈefərt tuː ɪˈskeɪp/
Line 3
She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.
/ʃiː hæd ˈnevər noʊn ˈplenti ˈskersli ˈkɑːmpətɪnsi bʌt ðə ˈprezənt wɑːz bɪˈɑːnd kəmˈperəsən wɪð ðoʊz ˈɪnəsənt jɪrz wen ðə ˈkɔːrəˈnet ʌv ˈvɝː.tʃuː wɑːz hərz/
Line 4
Every year her melancholy increased, her means diminished.
/ˈevəri jɪr hɜːr ˈmelənkɑːli ˌɪnˈkriːst hɜːr miːnz dɪˈmɪnɪʃt/
Line 5
At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

competency noun US /ˈkɑːmpətɪnsi/

the quality of being adequately or well qualified physically and intellectually

From this reading “She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.”

coronet noun US /ˈkɔːrəˈnet/

a small crown; usually indicates a high rank but below that of sovereign

From this reading “She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.”

fuel verb US /ˈfjuːəl/

provide with a combustible substance that provides energy

From this reading “At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.”

furnishing noun US /ˈfɜːrnɪʃɪŋ/

(usually plural) accessory wearing apparel

From this reading “At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.”

hugging noun US /ˈhʌɡɪŋ/

affectionate play (or foreplay without contact with the genital organs)

From this reading “Thus she lived for years, hugging her wrongs, but making no effort to escape.”

mending noun US /ˈmendɪŋ/

garments that must be repaired

From this reading “At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.”

morose adjective US /mərˈoʊs/

showing a brooding ill humor

From this reading “Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.”

reminder noun US /riˈmaɪndər/

a message that helps you remember something

From this reading “Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.”

All words in this reading · 104

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

acquaintancesnounUS /əˈkweɪntənsɪz/

plural of “acquaintance” — personal knowledge or information about someone or something

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

AfricanadjectiveUS /ˈæfrəkən/

of or relating to the nations of Africa or their peoples

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

afterprepositionUS /ˈæftər/

later than; following

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

anyadjectiveUS /ˈeni/

one or some or every or all without specification

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

articlenounUS /ˈɑːrtəkəl/

nonfictional prose forming an independent part of a publication

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

associationnounUS /əˌsoʊsiˈeɪʃən/

a formal organization of people or groups of people

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

AtprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

bestowverbUS /bɪˈstoʊ/

present

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

betteradjectiveUS /ˈbetər/

(comparative of “good”) superior to another (of the same class or set or kind) in excellence or quality or desirability or suitability; more highly skilled than another

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

beyondprepositionUS /bɪˈɑːnd/

on the far side of; further than

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

bringverbUS /brɪŋ/

take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

butconjunctionUS /bʌt/

used to introduce something that contrasts with what came before

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

by-gones

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

calledverbUS /kɔːld/

past form of “call” — assign a specified (usually proper) proper name to

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

comparisonnounUS /kəmˈperəsən/

the act of examining resemblances

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

competencynounUS /ˈkɑːmpətɪnsi/

the quality of being adequately or well qualified physically and intellectually

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

coronetnounUS /ˈkɔːrəˈnet/

a small crown; usually indicates a high rank but below that of sovereign

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

diminishedadjectiveUS /dɪˈmɪnɪʃt/

impaired by diminution

From this reading Every year her melancholy increased, her means diminished.

effortnounUS /ˈefərt/

earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something

From this reading Thus she lived for years, hugging her wrongs, but making no effort to escape.

escapenounUS /ɪˈskeɪp/

the act of escaping physically

From this reading Thus she lived for years, hugging her wrongs, but making no effort to escape.

EverydeterminerUS /ˈevəri/

all the members of a group, with none left out

From this reading Every year her melancholy increased, her means diminished.

favoredadjectiveUS /ˈfeɪvərd/

preferred above all others and treated with partiality

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

forprepositionUS /fɔːr/

intended to be given to, or used by, somebody

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

fuelverbUS /ˈfjuːəl/

provide with a combustible substance that provides energy

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

furnishingnounUS /ˈfɜːrnɪʃɪŋ/

(usually plural) accessory wearing apparel

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

garmentsnounUS /ˈɡɑːrmənts/

plural of “garment” — an article of clothing

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

gladadjectiveUS /ɡlæd/

showing or causing joy and pleasure; especially made happy

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

havingauxiliary verbUS /ˈhævɪŋ/

the -ing form of “have”

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

hepronounUS /hiː/

a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

healthnounUS /helθ/

a healthy state of wellbeing free from disease

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

helpverbUS /help/

give help or assistance; be of service

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

herdeterminerUS /hɜːr/

belonging to a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

herspronounUS /hərz/

the one or ones belonging to her

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

homenounUS /hoʊm/

where you live at a particular time

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

huggingnounUS /ˈhʌɡɪŋ/

affectionate play (or foreplay without contact with the genital organs)

From this reading Thus she lived for years, hugging her wrongs, but making no effort to escape.

hutnounUS /hʌt/

temporary military shelter

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

increasedadjectiveUS /ˌɪnˈkriːst/

made greater in size or amount or degree

From this reading Every year her melancholy increased, her means diminished.

innocentadjectiveUS /ˈɪnəsənt/

free from evil or guilt

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

inquireverbUS /ˌɪnˈkwaɪr/

address a question to and expect an answer from

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

kindadjectiveUS /kaɪnd/

having or showing a tender and considerate and helpful nature; used especially of persons and their behavior

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

kind-heartedadjective

having or proceeding from an innately kind disposition

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

knownadjectiveUS /noʊn/

apprehended with certainty

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

lastadjectiveUS /læst/

immediately past

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

livedverbUS /lɪvd/

past form of “live” — be an inhabitant of or reside in

From this reading Thus she lived for years, hugging her wrongs, but making no effort to escape.

makingnounUS /ˈmeɪkɪŋ/

the act that results in something coming to be

From this reading Thus she lived for years, hugging her wrongs, but making no effort to escape.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading Every year her melancholy increased, her means diminished.

melancholynounUS /ˈmelənkɑːli/

a feeling of thoughtful sadness

From this reading Every year her melancholy increased, her means diminished.

mendingnounUS /ˈmendɪŋ/

garments that must be repaired

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

moneynounUS /ˈmʌni/

the most common medium of exchange; functions as legal tender

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

moroseadjectiveUS /mərˈoʊs/

showing a brooding ill humor

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

neededadjectiveUS /ˈniːdəd/

necessary for relief or supply

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

neveradverbUS /ˈnevər/

not ever; at no time in the past or future

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading Thus she lived for years, hugging her wrongs, but making no effort to escape.

noticenounUS /ˈnoʊtəs/

an announcement containing information about an event

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

OccasionallyadverbUS /əˈkeɪʒənəli/

sporadically and infrequently

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

offersnounUS /ˈɔːfərz/

plural of “offer” — the verbal act of offering

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

oftenadverbUS /ˈɔːfən/

many times at short intervals

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

oldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

painfuladjectiveUS /ˈpeɪnfəl/

causing physical or psychological pain

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

plentynounUS /ˈplenti/

a full supply

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

possessedadjectiveUS /pəˈzest/

influenced or controlled by a powerful force such as a strong emotion

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

presentverbUS /ˈprezənt/

give an exhibition of to an interested audience

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

refusingverbUS /rəˈfjuːzɪŋ/

-ing form of “refuse” — show unwillingness towards

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

remindernounUS /riˈmaɪndər/

a message that helps you remember something

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

responsibilitynounUS /riˌspɑːnsəˈbɪləti/

the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

returnverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrn/

go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

returnedverbUS /rɪˈtɜːrnd/

past form of “return” — go or come back to place, condition, or activity where one has been before

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

revengefuladjective

disposed to seek revenge or intended for revenge

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

sakenounUS /seɪk/

a reason for wanting something done

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

saveprepositionUS /seɪv/

except for; apart from

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

scarcelyadverbUS /ˈskersli/

only a very short time before

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

seeverbUS /siː/

perceive by sight or have the power to perceive by sight

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

shepronounUS /ʃiː/

a woman, girl, or female animal already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

someadjectiveUS /sʌm/

(quantifier) used with either mass nouns or plural count nouns to indicate an unspecified number or quantity

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

thanconjunctionUS /ðæn/

used to introduce the second part of a comparison

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

thosedeterminerUS /ðoʊz/

the plural of “that”: the people or things further away, or already known

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

ThusadverbUS /ðʌs/

(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result

From this reading Thus she lived for years, hugging her wrongs, but making no effort to escape.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

virtuenounUS /ˈvɝː.tʃuː/

Moral excellence and goodness of character; the highest human attainment in Stoic philosophy.

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

whenconjunctionUS /wen/

at the time that

From this reading She had never known plenty, scarcely competency; but the present was beyond comparison with those innocent years when the coronet of virtue was hers.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading At last no one seemed to notice her, save a kind-hearted African, who often called to inquire after her health and to see if she needed any fuel, he having the responsibility of furnishing that article, and she in return mending or making garments.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

wouldmodal verbUS /wʊd/

used for something imagined, polite, or habitual in the past

From this reading Occasionally old acquaintances called to be favored with help of some kind, which she was glad to bestow for the sake of the money it would bring her; but the association with them was such a painful reminder of by-gones, she returned to her hut morose and revengeful, refusing all offers of a better home than she possessed.

wrongsnounUS /rɔːŋz/

plural of “wrong” — that which is contrary to the principles of justice or law

From this reading Thus she lived for years, hugging her wrongs, but making no effort to escape.

yearnounUS /jɪr/

a period of time containing 365 (or 366) days

From this reading Every year her melancholy increased, her means diminished.

yearsnounUS /jɪrz/

a late time of life

From this reading Thus she lived for years, hugging her wrongs, but making no effort to escape.

Chapter 1 of Our Nig by Harriet E. Wilson holds 103 sentences, grouped into 21 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 1 of Our Nig contain?

Chapter 1 holds 103 sentences of Our Nig, unabridged, divided into 21 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 1 of Our Nig by Harriet E. Wilson exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 103 sentences, grouped into 21 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 1 of Our Nig?

Work through the 21 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 21 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 1 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 1 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Our Nig

Common questions about reading Our Nig by Harriet E. Wilson on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Our Nig?

Yes. All 1477 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #584 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Our Nig is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #584, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Our Nig take to read?

About 123 minutes of reading across 296 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Our Nig section by section

How to work through Our Nig section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 12 chapters of Our Nig to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Our Nig

Words and structures a reader meets early in Our Nig, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Smith
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Nig; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Mother
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Nig; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Grief
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Nig; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Beyond
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Nig; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.