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Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches
Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches is here in full — 419 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Cover illustration for Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches
Context Illustration Reading 1/83 · 5 lines
English subtitles · tap any word to listen 1 / 5
The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.
They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.
Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.
We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.
Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
Editorial verification pending

A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches

Chapter VII · Chapter 7

Chapter 7 of Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches is here in full — 419 sentences across 84 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/83 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.
/ðə ˈwɪmən aɪ ˌɪˈmædʒən mʌst hæv felt wʌn ˌɪmpərˈfekʃən ɪn ðer steɪt ˌhaʊˈevər ˈkʌmfərtəbəl ˈʌðərwaɪz/
Line 2
They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.
Line 3
Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.
/ˈdʒenərəli tuː ðeɪ hæd wʌn ˈdaʊdi ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ ˈæspekt ənd ə ˈvʌlɡər taɪp ʌv ˈfiːtʃərz soʊ ˈnɪrli əˈlaɪk ðæt ðeɪ siːmd ˈlɪtərəli tuː ˈkɑːnstətuːt ə ˈsɪstərhʊd/
Line 4
We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.
Line 5
Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

adorning verb US /əˈdɔːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “adorn” — make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading “They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.”

constitute verb US /ˈkɑːnstətuːt/

form or compose

From this reading “Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.”

dowdy noun US /ˈdaʊdi/

British marshal of the RAF who commanded the British air defense forces that defeated the Luftwaffe during the Battle of Britain (1882-1970)

From this reading “Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.”

imperfection noun US /ˌɪmpərˈfekʃən/

the state or an instance of being imperfect

From this reading “The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.”

refine verb US /rəˈfaɪn/

improve or perfect by pruning or polishing

From this reading “We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.”

sisterhood noun US /ˈsɪstərhʊd/

the kinship relation between a female offspring and the siblings

From this reading “Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.”

stolid adjective US /ˈstɑːləd/

having or revealing little emotion or sensibility; not easily aroused or excited

From this reading “We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.”

turbid adjective US /ˈtɜːrbɪd/

(of liquids) clouded as with sediment

From this reading “We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.”

All words in this reading · 118

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

absolutelyadverbUS /ˌæbsəˈluːtli/

completely and without qualification; used informally as intensifiers

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

adorningverbUS /əˈdɔːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “adorn” — make more attractive by adding ornament, colour, etc.

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

alikeadverbUS /əˈlaɪk/

equally

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

alladjectiveUS /ɔːl/

(quantifier) used with either mass or count nouns to indicate the whole number or amount of or every one of a class

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

almshouse

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

AmericannounUS /əˈmerəkən/

a native or inhabitant of the United States

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

amongprepositionUS /əˈmʌŋ/

surrounded by; in the middle of a group

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

aspectnounUS /ˈæspekt/

a distinct feature or element in a problem

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

atprepositionUS /æt/

in or near a particular place or position

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

bloodnounUS /blʌd/

The red fluid that circulates in the heart and blood vessels.

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

blue-checked

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

broughtverbUS /brɔːt/

inflected form of “bring” — take something or somebody with oneself somewhere

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

capsnounUS /kæps/

plural of “cap” — a tight-fitting headdress

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

claimedverbUS /kleɪmd/

past form of “claim” — assert or affirm strongly; state to be true or existing

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

comfortableadjectiveUS /ˈkʌmfərtəbəl/

providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (“comfy” is informal)

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

connectedadjectiveUS /kəˈnektɪd/

being joined in close association

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

constituteverbUS /ˈkɑːnstətuːt/

form or compose

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

contributedverbUS /kənˈtrɪbjuːtɪd/

past form of “contribute” — bestow a quality on

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

CountrynounUS /ˈkʌntri/

a politically organized body of people under a single government

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

doauxiliary verbUS /duː/

used to form questions and negatives, and to give emphasis

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

dowdynounUS /ˈdaʊdi/

British marshal of the RAF who commanded the British air defense forces that defeated the Luftwaffe during the Battle of Britain (1882-1970)

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

dressedadjectiveUS /drest/

dressed or clothed especially in fine attire; often used in combination

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

dropverbUS /drɑːp/

let fall to the ground

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

elementnounUS /ˈeləmənt/

an abstract part of something

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

EvenadjectiveUS /ˈiːvɪn/

divisible by two

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

eventsnounUS /ɪˈvents/

plural of “event” — something that happens at a given place and time

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

eyesnounUS /aɪz/

opinion or judgment

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

facesnounUS /ˈfeɪsəz/

plural of “face” — the front of the human head from the forehead to the chin and ear to ear

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

featuresnounUS /ˈfiːtʃərz/

plural of “feature” — a prominent attribute or aspect of something

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

feltverbUS /felt/

mat together and make felt-like

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

fewadjectiveUS /fjuː/

a quantifier that can be used with count nouns and is often preceded by “a”; a small but indefinite number

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

followverbUS /ˈfɑːloʊ/

to travel behind, go after, come after

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

forbiddenadjectiveUS /fərˈbɪd.ən/

Not allowed; banned or prohibited by rule or law.

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

forefathersnounUS /ˈfɔːrfɑːðərz/

plural of “forefather” — the founder of a family

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

GenerallyadverbUS /ˈdʒenərəli/

usually; as a rule

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

gentleadjectiveUS /ˈdʒentəl/

soft and mild; not harsh or stern or severe

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

gleamverbUS /ɡliːm/

be shiny, as if wet

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

gownsnounUS /ɡaʊnz/

plural of “gown” — a woman's dress, usually with a close-fitting bodice and a long flared skirt, often worn on formal occasions

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

hadauxiliary verbUS /hæd/

the past form of “have”, used to form the past perfect

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

haveauxiliary verbUS /hæv/

used with a past participle to form the perfect tenses

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

headsnounUS /hedz/

plural of “head” — the upper part of the human body or the front part of the body in animals; contains the face and brains

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

hereditaryadjectiveUS /hərˈedəteri/

occurring among members of a family usually by heredity

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

homelyadjectiveUS /ˈhoʊmli/

lacking in physical beauty or proportion

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

howeveradverbUS /ˌhaʊˈevər/

used to add a contrasting statement

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

IpronounUS /aɪ/

the person speaking or writing, as the subject of the verb

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

ifconjunctionUS /ɪf/

on condition that; in the event that

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

imagineverbUS /ˌɪˈmædʒən/

form a mental image of something that is not present or that is not the case

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

imperfectionnounUS /ˌɪmpərˈfekʃən/

the state or an instance of being imperfect

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

individualsnounUS /ˌɪndəˈvɪdʒəwəlz/

plural of “individual” — a human being

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

instinctnounUS /ˈɪnstɪŋkt/

inborn pattern of behavior often responsive to specific stimuli

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

intelligencenounUS /ˌɪnˈtelədʒəns/

the ability to comprehend; to understand and profit from experience

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

intimatelyadverbUS /ˈɪntəmətli/

in a close manner

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

lackedverbUS /lækt/

past form of “lack” — be without

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

leastadjectiveUS /liːst/

the superlative of “little” that can be used with mass nouns and is usually preceded by “the”; a quantifier meaning smallest in amount or extent or degree

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

lightedadjectiveUS /ˈlaɪtəd/

set afire or burning

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

literallyadverbUS /ˈlɪtərəli/

in a literal sense

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

meansnounUS /miːnz/

thing or person that acts to produce a particular effect or achieve an end

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

mixingnounUS /ˈmɪksɪŋ/

the act of mixing together

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

mustmodal verbUS /mʌst/

used to say something is necessary, or almost certainly true

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

nativeadjectiveUS /ˈneɪtɪv/

characteristic of or existing by virtue of geographic origin

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

naturaladjectiveUS /ˈnætʃərəl/

in accordance with nature; relating to or concerning nature

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

nearlyadverbUS /ˈnɪrli/

(of actions or states) slightly short of or not quite accomplished; all but

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

nodeterminerUS /noʊ/

not any; not one

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

OldadjectiveUS /oʊld/

(used especially of persons) having lived for a relatively long time or attained a specific age

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

orconjunctionUS /ɔːr/

used to join alternatives or possibilities

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

otherwiseadverbUS /ˈʌðərwaɪz/

in other respects or ways

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

ourdeterminerUS /ˈaʊər/

belonging to the speaker and others

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

outadjectiveUS /aʊt/

not allowed to continue to bat or run

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

personnounUS /ˈpɜːrsən/

a human being

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

populationnounUS /ˌpɑːpjəˈleɪʃən/

the people who inhabit a territory or state

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

ranknounUS /ræŋk/

a row or line of people (especially soldiers or police) standing abreast of one another

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

refineverbUS /rəˈfaɪn/

improve or perfect by pruning or polishing

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

seemedverbUS /siːmd/

past form of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

servantsnounUS /ˈsɜːrvənts/

plural of “servant” — a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

singularlyadverbUS /ˈsɪŋɡjələrli/

in a singular manner or to a singular degree

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

sisterhoodnounUS /ˈsɪstərhʊd/

the kinship relation between a female offspring and the siblings

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

soconjunctionUS /soʊ/

for that reason; with the result that

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

statenounUS /steɪt/

the territory occupied by one of the constituent administrative districts of a nation

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

stolidadjectiveUS /ˈstɑːləd/

having or revealing little emotion or sensibility; not easily aroused or excited

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

suchdeterminerUS /sʌtʃ/

of the kind already mentioned

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

thatconjunctionUS /ðæt/

used to introduce what somebody said, thought, or felt

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

ThedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

theirdeterminerUS /ðer/

belonging to the people or things already mentioned

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

themselvespronounUS /ðemˈselvz/

used when the people doing the action are also its object

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

thereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

thesedeterminerUS /ðiːz/

the plural of “this”: the people or things near, or just mentioned

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

TheypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

thisdeterminerUS /ðɪs/

used for a person or thing that is near, or that has just been mentioned

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

toparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

tooadverbUS /tuː/

to a degree exceeding normal or proper limits

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

turbidadjectiveUS /ˈtɜːrbɪd/

(of liquids) clouded as with sediment

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

typenounUS /taɪp/

a subdivision of a particular kind of thing

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

unfortunateadjectiveUS /ənˈfɔːrtʃənət/

not favored by fortune; marked or accompanied by or resulting in ill fortune

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

uniformadjectiveUS /ˈjuːnəfɔːrm/

always the same; showing a single form or character in all occurrences

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

unilluminatedadjective

without illumination

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

upadjectiveUS /ʌp/

being or moving higher in position or greater in some value; being above a former position or level

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

uponprepositionUS /əˈpɑːn/

a formal word for “on”

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

vulgaradjectiveUS /ˈvʌlɡər/

lacking refinement or cultivation or taste

From this reading Generally, too, they had one dowdy English aspect, and a vulgar type of features so nearly alike that they seemed literally to constitute a sisterhood.

wasauxiliary verbUS /wɑːz/

the past form of “be” used with I, he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

WepronounUS /wiː/

the speaker together with one or more other people

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

wealthnounUS /welθ/

the state of being rich and affluent; having a plentiful supply of material goods and money

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

wearverbUS /wer/

be dressed in

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

wereauxiliary verbUS /wɜːr/

the past form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

whopronounUS /huː/

which person or people

From this reading Even in this English almshouse, however, there was at least one person who claimed to be intimately connected with rank and wealth.

whompronounUS /huːm/

the form of “who” used as the object of a verb or preposition

From this reading We have few of these absolutely unilluminated faces among our native American population, individuals of whom must be singularly unfortunate, if, mixing as we do, no drop of gentle blood has contributed to refine the turbid element, no gleam of hereditary intelligence has lighted up the stolid eyes, which their forefathers brought, from the Old Country.

withprepositionUS /wɪð/

in the company of; together with

From this reading They were forbidden, or, at all events, lacked the means, to follow out their natural instinct of adorning themselves; all were dressed in one homely uniform of blue-checked gowns, with such caps upon their heads as English servants wear.

womennounUS /ˈwɪmən/

plural of “woman” — an adult female person (as opposed to a man)

From this reading The women, I imagine, must have felt one imperfection in their state, however comfortable otherwise.

Chapter 7 of Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches by Nathaniel Hawthorne holds 419 sentences, grouped into 84 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 7 of Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches contain?

Chapter 7 holds 419 sentences of Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches, unabridged, divided into 84 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 7 of Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches by Nathaniel Hawthorne exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 419 sentences, grouped into 84 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 7 of Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches?

Work through the 84 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 84 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

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Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 7 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches

Common questions about reading Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches by Nathaniel Hawthorne on this page, its source edition and its audio.

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Yes. All 2983 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #8090 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

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Project Gutenberg eBook #8090, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

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About 248 minutes of reading across 597 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

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Vocabulary met early in Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches

Words and structures a reader meets early in Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches, each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Slight
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Memorial
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
College
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Friendship
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Old Home: A Series of English Sketches; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.