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Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S."
Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S."

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S." is here in full — 287 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

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Context Illustration Reading 1/57 · 5 lines
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CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.
The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.
There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."
The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.
In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.
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LEARNER DICTIONARY
Archivist
/ˈɑːrkɪvɪst/
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A keeper or guardian of historical records and memories.

Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S."

Chapter VIII · Chapter 8

Chapter 8 of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S." is here in full — 287 sentences across 58 reading sections, with audio for every sentence and word.

Reading 1/57 · 5 reading units · Lines 1–5

Line 1
CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.
Line 2
The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.
/ðə drəˈmætɪk ˈkrɪtɪk hæz ðə raɪt ʌv kənˈsɪdərɪŋ ðə vjuːz ɪkˈsprest ɪn ɪt kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ ðə steɪdʒ/
Line 3
There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."
Line 4
The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.
/ðə ˈstʌdi ʌv ðem wɪtʃ ðeɪ dɪˈzɜːrv liːdz tuː ˈsɜːrtən kənˈkluːʒənz ˈhɑːrdli ɪt meɪ biː ænˈtɪsəpeɪtɪd baɪ ðə ˈɔːθər/
Line 5
In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

Learner Dictionary

These definitions explain words found in the current reading and keep every example grounded in its original sentence.

Oxford-style entry order: headword, part of speech, US IPA, concise definition, contextual example, and audio.

actor's noun US /ˈæktərz/

possessive form of “actor” — a theatrical performer

From this reading “In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.”

criticizing verb US /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “criticize” — find fault with; express criticism of; point out real or perceived flaws

From this reading “CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.”

detractors noun US /dɪˈtræktərz/

plural of “detractor” — one who disparages or belittles the worth of something

From this reading “In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.”

Irving noun US /ˈɜːrvɪŋ/

United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)

From this reading “CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.”

Irving's noun US /ˈɜːrvɪŋz/

possessive form of “irving” — United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)

From this reading “CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.”

modified adjective US /ˈmɑːdəfaɪd/

changed in form or character

From this reading “In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.”

reviewer noun US /riˈvjuːər/

someone who reads manuscripts and judges their suitability for publication

From this reading “CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.”

Status noun US /ˈstætəs/

the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society

From this reading “There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."”

All words in this reading · 80

Every word in these five lines is listed here, and every one of them can be played on its own.

Dictionary details are shown only when verified; these are not licensed Oxford entries.

adeterminerUS /ə/

used before a singular noun to mean one of a group, when it is not a particular one

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

ACTINGnounUS /ˈæktɪŋ/

the performance of a part or role in a drama

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

ActornounUS /ˈæktər/

a theatrical performer

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

actor'snounUS /ˈæktərz/

possessive form of “actor” — a theatrical performer

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

actor-dramatist-managers

Dictionary entry pending editorial verification. Tap Listen to hear the word.

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

admirablyadverbUS /ˈædmərəbli/

in an admirable manner

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

againstprepositionUS /əˈɡenst/

touching and pressing; in opposition to

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

andconjunctionUS /ənd/

used to join words or parts of a sentence that go together

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

anticipatedadjectiveUS /ænˈtɪsəpeɪtɪd/

expected hopefully

From this reading The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.

areauxiliary verbUS /ɑːr/

the form of “be” used with you, we, they, or a plural noun

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

Artauxiliary verbUS /ɑːrt/

an old form of “are”, used with “thou”

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

asconjunctionUS /æz/

at the same time that; because; in the way that

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

authornounUS /ˈɔːθər/

writes (books or stories or articles or the like) professionally (for pay)

From this reading The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.

BnounUS /biː/

aerobic rod-shaped spore-producing bacterium; often occurring in chainlike formations; found primarily in soil

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

beauxiliary verbUS /biː/

used with a past participle to form the passive, or with -ing for continuous tenses

From this reading The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.

booknounUS /bʊk/

a written work or composition that has been published (printed on pages bound together)

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

booksnounUS /bʊks/

Bound written or printed works.

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

byprepositionUS /baɪ/

showing who or what does the action

From this reading The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.

CASUALadjectiveUS /ˈkæʒəwəl/

marked by blithe unconcern

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

CenturynounUS /ˈsentʃəri/

a period of 100 years

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

certainadjectiveUS /ˈsɜːrtən/

definite but not specified or identified

From this reading The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.

concerningverbUS /kənˈsɜːrnɪŋ/

-ing form of “concern” — be relevant to

From this reading The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.

conclusionsnounUS /kənˈkluːʒənz/

plural of “conclusion” — a position or opinion or judgment reached after consideration

From this reading The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.

consideringverbUS /kənˈsɪdərɪŋ/

-ing form of “consider” — deem to be

From this reading The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.

criticnounUS /ˈkrɪtɪk/

a person who is professionally engaged in the analysis and interpretation of works of art

From this reading The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.

criticizingverbUS /ˈkrɪtɪsaɪzɪŋ/

-ing form of “criticize” — find fault with; express criticism of; point out real or perceived flaws

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

defencenounUS /dɪˈfens/

(psychiatry) an unconscious process that tries to reduce the anxiety associated with instinctive desires

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

deserveverbUS /dɪˈzɜːrv/

be worthy or deserving

From this reading The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.

detractorsnounUS /dɪˈtræktərz/

plural of “detractor” — one who disparages or belittles the worth of something

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

dramaticadjectiveUS /drəˈmætɪk/

suitable to or characteristic of drama

From this reading The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.

EighteenthadjectiveUS /eɪˈtiːnθ/

coming next after the seventeenth in position

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

EnglishnounUS /ˈɪŋɡlɪʃ/

an Indo-European language belonging to the West Germanic branch; the official language of Britain and the United States and most of the commonwealth countries

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

essaysnounUS /eˈseɪz/

plural of “essay” — an analytic or interpretive literary composition

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

expressedadjectiveUS /ɪkˈsprest/

communicated in words

From this reading The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.

factnounUS /fækt/

a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

fellverbUS /fel/

cause to fall by or as if by delivering a blow

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

fromprepositionUS /frʌm/

showing where something starts, or who sent it

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

greatestadjectiveUS /ˈɡreɪtəst/

highest in quality

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

HnounUS /eɪtʃ/

a nonmetallic univalent element that is normally a colorless and odorless highly flammable diatomic gas; the simplest and lightest and most abundant element in the universe

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

hardlyadverbUS /ˈhɑːrdli/

only a very short time before

From this reading The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.

hasauxiliary verbUS /hæz/

the form of “have” used with he, she, it, or a singular noun

From this reading The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.

hisdeterminerUS /hɪz/

belonging to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

ideasnounUS /aɪˈdiːəz/

plural of “idea” — the content of cognition; the main thing you are thinking about

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

ignoreverbUS /ˌɪɡˈnɔːr/

refuse to acknowledge

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

importancenounUS /ˌɪmˈpɔːrtəns/

the quality of being important and worthy of note

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

inprepositionUS /ɪn/

inside something, or within a place, period, or state

From this reading The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.

IrvingnounUS /ˈɜːrvɪŋ/

United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

Irving'snounUS /ˈɜːrvɪŋz/

possessive form of “irving” — United States writer remembered for his stories (1783-1859)

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

itpronounUS /ɪt/

a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned

From this reading The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.

itsdeterminerUS /ɪts/

belonging to the thing or animal already mentioned

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

leadsnounUS /liːdz/

plural of “lead” — an advantage held by a competitor in a race

From this reading The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.

learnverbUS /lɜːrn/

gain knowledge or skills

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

literaturenounUS /ˈlɪtərətʃər/

creative writing of recognized artistic value

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

maymodal verbUS /meɪ/

used to say something is possible, or to give permission

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

modifiedadjectiveUS /ˈmɑːdəfaɪd/

changed in form or character

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

MrnounUS /ˈmɪstər/

a form of address for a man

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

NOTESnounUS /noʊts/

plural of “note” — a brief written record

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

OccasionaladjectiveUS /əˈkeɪʒənəl/

occurring from time to time

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

ofprepositionUS /ʌv/

belonging to, or connected with, somebody or something

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

ONprepositionUS /ɑːn/

touching and supported by a surface

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

onepronounUS /wʌn/

used to mean any person in general, including the speaker

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

PapersnounUS /ˈpeɪpərz/

writing that provides information (especially information of an official nature)

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

phrasenounUS /freɪz/

an expression consisting of one or more words forming a grammatical constituent of a sentence

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

readingnounUS /ˈriːdɪŋ/

the cognitive process of understanding a written linguistic message

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

reviewernounUS /riˈvjuːər/

someone who reads manuscripts and judges their suitability for publication

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

rightadverbUS /raɪt/

precisely, exactly

From this reading The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.

seemsverbUS /siːmz/

third-person singular of “seem” — give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

stagenounUS /steɪdʒ/

any distinct time period in a sequence of events

From this reading The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.

StatusnounUS /ˈstætəs/

the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

studynounUS /ˈstʌdi/

a detailed critical inspection

From this reading The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.

takenadjectiveUS /ˈteɪkən/

understood in a certain way; made sense of

From this reading In his defence of the actor's art against its detractors Mr Irving seems to ignore a fact which may be expressed in a phrase taken from the greatest of actor-dramatist-managers, and modified.

tasknounUS /tæsk/

any piece of work that is undertaken or attempted

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

thedeterminerUS /ðə/

used before a noun that is already known, already mentioned, or the only one of its kind

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

thempronounUS /ðem/

the people or things already mentioned, as the object

From this reading The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.

ThereadverbUS /ðer/

in or at that place or location

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

theypronounUS /ðeɪ/

the people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the subject

From this reading The study of them, which they deserve, leads to certain conclusions hardly, it may be, anticipated by the author.

ToparticleUS /tuː/

used before the base form of a verb to make the infinitive

From this reading CASUAL NOTES ON ACTING Mr H.B. Irving on his Art To the reviewer of books fell the task of criticizing Mr H.B. Irving's book, "Occasional Papers," as literature.

twonounUS /tuː/

the cardinal number that is the sum of one and one or a numeral representing this number

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

viewsnounUS /vjuːz/

plural of “view” — a way of regarding situations or topics etc.

From this reading The dramatic critic has the right of considering the views expressed in it concerning the stage.

whichpronounUS /wɪtʃ/

used to introduce a clause giving more about a thing just mentioned

From this reading There are two essays of importance, from reading which one may learn the ideas, admirably expressed, of Mr Irving concerning his art--"The English Stage in the Eighteenth Century" and "The Art and Status of the Actor."

Chapter 8 of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S." by Edward Fordham Spence holds 287 sentences, grouped into 58 reading sections of at most 5 sentences. The text is the source edition, unabridged, and the chapter records which sentences cover which part of the work so that nothing is dropped. Every word can be tapped for its pronunciation and dictionary entry.

What does chapter 8 of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S." contain?

Chapter 8 holds 287 sentences of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S.", unabridged, divided into 58 reading sections.

This page carries chapter 8 of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S." by Edward Fordham Spence exactly as it stands in the source edition, without abridgement. It runs to 287 sentences, grouped into 58 sections of at most 5 sentences so that a reader can take the chapter in steady, finishable pieces. The chapter also stores a coverage record mapping every one of its sentences to a part of the work, which is how the edition demonstrates that no line was dropped.

How do I study chapter 8 of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S."?

Work through the 58 sections in order, replaying any sentence and tapping unfamiliar words for their entries.

Each of the 58 sections in this chapter is short enough to read once, hear once, and then re-read with the vocabulary in view. Tapping a word plays it alone and opens its dictionary entry with IPA, part of speech and meaning, so the reader is never forced to guess a pronunciation from spelling. Working section by section keeps a long chapter from becoming an undifferentiated wall of text, which is the usual reason a reader abandons a work of this period.

Can chapter 8 be read aloud to me?

Yes — every sentence and every individual word in chapter 8 can be played aloud in United States English.

Audio covers the whole chapter: any sentence can be played, and any single word within it can be played on its own. The voice uses United States English. For a work of this period that matters, because spelling is an unreliable guide to pronunciation for vocabulary that has fallen out of daily use, and a learner who guesses wrong tends to keep the error. Hearing the word in its own sentence, and then alone, settles it.

Questions about reading Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S."

Common questions about reading Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S." by Edward Fordham Spence on this page, its source edition and its audio.

Is this the complete text of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S."?

Yes. All 2841 sentences of Project Gutenberg eBook #13408 are kept, with a record of which sentences cover which part.

Which edition of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S." is used?

Project Gutenberg eBook #13408, unabridged. The Project Gutenberg header, footer and licence are removed.

How long does Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S." take to read?

About 236 minutes of reading across 569 sections of 5 sentences each, at an unhurried pace.

How to read Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S." section by section

How to work through Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S." section by section, using the audio and the tap-to-define vocabulary.

  1. Open a chapter

    Choose one of the 13 chapters of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S." to begin.

  2. Read one section

    Each section holds 5 sentences; read it once through.

  3. Listen and tap

    Play the section aloud, then tap any unfamiliar word for its entry.

Vocabulary met early in Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S."

Words and structures a reader meets early in Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S.", each tappable for pronunciation and meaning.

Production
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S."; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Russian
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S."; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Tongue
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S."; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.
Renders
A word that appears in the opening chapter of Our Stage and Its Critics By "E.F.S."; the reader can tap it to hear it and see its dictionary entry.